Model-Based Approaches to Human-Automation Systems Design

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg A. Jamieson ◽  
Jonas Andersson ◽  
Ann Bisantz ◽  
Asaf Degani ◽  
Morten Lind
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Panel Session ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Design Challenges

Human-automation interaction in complex systems is common, yet design for this interaction is often conducted without explicit consideration of the role of the human operator. Fortunately, there are a number of modeling frameworks proposed for supporting this design activity. However, the frameworks are often adapted from other purposes, usually applied to a limited range of problems, sometimes not fully described in the open literature, and rarely critically reviewed in a manner acceptable to proponents and critics alike. The present paper introduces a panel session wherein these proponents (and reportedly one or two critics) can engage one another on several agreed questions about such frameworks. The goal is to aid non-aligned practitioners in choosing between alternative frameworks for their human-automation interaction design challenges.

Beyond Levels of Automation: Developing More Detailed Guidance for Human Automation Interaction Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Roth ◽  
Beth Depass ◽  
Jonathan Harter ◽  
Ronald Scott ◽  
Jeffrey Wampler
Keyword(s):  
Software Architecture ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Automation Systems ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
Airlift Planning ◽  
High Level ◽  
Design Challenges

There is growing recognition of a need to go beyond levels of automation frameworks to provide more detailed guidance for design of effective human automation interaction (HAI). Here we present some design questions that are important for designers of HAI to address as they develop the requirements for the software architecture and user interfaces for automated aids. This set of guiding questions has grown out of our experience in developing a series of successful collaborative automation systems for airlift planning and scheduling. We illustrate through examples how answers to these high-level questions helped inform the HAI design decisions we confronted. The set of questions are offered in an attempt to broaden the discussion of how best to provide guidance to system developers confronted with HAI design challenges.

scholarly journals Tangibly understanding intangible complexities: Designing for distributed autonomous organizations

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Nissen ◽  
Ella Tallyn ◽  
Kate Symons
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Face ◽  
Future Technologies ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Abstract New digital technologies such as Blockchain and smart contracting are rapidly changing the face of value exchange, and present new opportunities and challenges for designers. Designers and data specialists are at the forefront of exploring new ways of exchanging value, using Blockchain, cryptocurrencies, smart contracting and the direct exchanges between things made possible by the Internet of Things (Tallyn et al. 2018; Pschetz et al. 2019). For researchers and designers in areas of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) and Interaction Design to better understand and explore the implications of these emerging and future technologies as Distributed Autonomous Organisations (DAOs) we delivered a workshop at the ACM conference Designing Interactive Systems (DIS) in Edinburgh in 2017 (Nissen et al. 2017). The workshop aimed to use the lens of DAOs to introduce the principle that products and services may soon be owned and managed collectively and not by one person or authority, thus challenging traditional concepts of ownership and power. This workshop builds on established HCI research exploring the role of technology in financial interactions and designing for the rapidly changing world of technology and value exchange (Kaye et al. 2014; Malmborg et al. 2015; Millen et al. 2015; Vines et al. 2014). Beyond this, the HCI community has started to explore these technologies beyond issues of finance, money and collaborative practice, focusing on the implications of these emerging but rapidly ascending distributed systems in more applied contexts (Elsden et al. 2018a). By bringing together designers and researchers with different experiences and knowledge of distributed systems, the aim of this workshop was two-fold. First, to further understand, develop and critique these new forms of distributed power and ownership and second, to practically explore how to design interactive products and services that enable, challenge or disrupt existing and emerging models.

Role of Reynolds and Archimedes numbers in particle-fluid flows

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haim Kalman
Keyword(s):  
Flow Regime ◽  
Power Function ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Particulate Materials ◽  
Simple Power ◽  
Simple Power Function

AbstractAny scientific behavior is best represented by nondimensional numbers. However, in many cases, for pneumatic conveying systems, dimensional equations are developed and used. In some cases, many of the nondimensional equations include Reynolds (Re) and Froude (Fr) numbers; they are usually defined for a limited range of materials and operating conditions. This study demonstrates that most of the relevant flow types, whether in horizontal or vertical pipes, can be better described by Re and Archimedes (Ar) numbers. Ar can also be used in hydraulic conveying systems. This paper presents many threshold velocities that are accurately defined by Re as a simple power function of Ar. Many particulate materials are considered by Ar, thereby linking them to a common behavior. Using various threshold velocities, a flow regime chart for horizontal conveying is presented in this paper.

The Political Role of The United Nations: Some British Views

1961 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey L. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Accepted Part ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Peace And War

Charting the course of attitudes in Britain toward the United Nations is mainly a matter of defining small gradations within a fairly limited range, a range varying from sympathetic concern—and ritualistic commendation—at one end of the spectrum to barely dis uised indifference at the other. Among a small section of radical public opinion the Organization can still (August 1961) arouse fervent support, while the right-wing Beaverbrook press and its sympathizers lose few opportunities of pointing out its deficiencies. Nevertheless, during most of its fifteen years' existence, so far as public interest in Britain in its political activities is concerned, the limited impact the United Nations has had on most of the major issues of peace and war has discouraged “popular opinion” from waxing very enthusiastic-or bitter-about it; indeed, although a generally accepted part of international life, it has for long periods languished relatively unnoticed in a diplomatic backwater. Only at such moments of crisis as Korea, Suez, or the Congo, when the Organization has been forced into the mainstream of international politics has this rather tepid reaction been punctuated by heightened tension—and acrimony.

scholarly journals The Economics of the Climate

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1046-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Heal
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Discount Rates ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Integrated Assessment Models ◽  
Qualitative Understanding ◽  
Climate Problem

I review the economic characteristics of the climate problem, focusing on the choice of discount rates in the presence of a stock externality, risk and uncertainty/ambiguity, and the role of integrated assessment models (IAMs) in analyzing policy choices. I suggest that IAMs can play a role in providing qualitative understanding of how complex systems behave, but are not accurate enough to provide quantitative insights. Arguments in favor of action on climate issues have to be based on aversion to risk and ambiguity and the need to avoid a small but positive risk of a disastrous outcome. ( JEL D61, H43, Q48, Q54, Q58)

scholarly journals Systems Design Perspective of Healthcare Provision in Humanitarian Aid

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laura Santos ◽  
Linda S.G.L. Wauben
Keyword(s):  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Emergency Relief ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Product Service ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relief Organizations ◽  
Product Service Systems

This study focuses on the role of Systems Design in addressing the challenges of healthcare provision by international emergency relief organizations in developing countries. More specifically the challenges related to the safety and performance of medical equipment that is transferred in the aftermath of a humanitarian crisis. The aim of this paper is to describe the transfer of medical equipment and its associated challenges from a systems perspective and to reflect on the value of Systems Design as an approach to humanitarian innovation, addressing the identified systemic challenges. The concepts of Human Factors and Ergonomics, and Product-Service Systems will be presented as valuable contributions to support designers in handling a larger degree of complexity throughout the design process and to support them to make informed choices regarding this particular context.

Hierarchical Choice Modeling to Support Complex Systems Design

2012 ◽  
pp. 205-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Christopher Hoyle ◽  
Henk Jan Wassenaar
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Choice Modeling

User Psychology in Interaction Design: The Role of Design Ontologies

2008 ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pertti Saariluoma ◽  
Hanna Parkkola ◽  
Anne Honkaranta ◽  
Mauri Leppänen ◽  
Juha Lamminen
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Design
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