New Running Strategies of a STIG Power Plant for District Heating

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Caresana ◽  
G. Comodi ◽  
L. Pelagalli ◽  
D. Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
City District ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nearby City

We describe the running plan of a 5.5-MWe-STIG-plant. Located in a medium-sized town in the centre of Italy, the plant both produces electric power and partially satisfies the thermal load of a nearby city district. An account of the Italian energy market is provided and the impact of recent legislation on plant operation is analysed. The liberalization of the Italian energy market in 1999 has significantly affected the technical and economic scenario for both existing and future power plants. As an example, we analyse the effects of liberalization on the overall performances of the plant described herein as well as the main changes in its running-strategies. A better economic result is shown to be possible in the new scenario mainly thanks to plant flexibility when operating as CHP (Combined Heat and Power) unit. The pursuit of optimum economic performance however prevents the plant from working at its best energetic efficiency.

Investigation of real-time flexibility of combined heat and power plants in district heating applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 196-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Shi You ◽  
Yi Zong ◽  
Hanmin Cai ◽  
Chresten Træholt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Heat And Power

scholarly journals The Success and Failure of Combined Heat and Power (CHP) in the UK, Germany and the Netherlands: Revisiting Stewart Russell’s Perspective on Technology Choices in Society

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Matthias Weber
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Uk

Stewart Russell’s research work on combined heat and power / district heating (CHP/DH) in the UK was among the first empirical contributions to demonstrate that technological change is not just determined by seemingly objective technical and economic performance characteristics, but rather the result of social choices. His rich conceptual thinking is reconstructed in a coherent framework, and its explanatory power explored by analysing the innovation diff usion paradox of CHP/DH: in spite of very similar technical and economic characteristics, the patterns of innovation and diff usion diff er signifi cantly across countries. To this end, the evolution of CHP/DH in the UK, Germany and the Netherlands is compared. Russell’s ideas can be regarded as a predecessor of recent multi-level approaches to the analysis of socio-technical change. He put much emphasis on studying power relations for explaining the (non-) occurrence of socio-technical change; an issue that is still debated today.

Assessing the development of combined heat and power generation in the EU

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loreta Stankeviciute ◽  
Anna Krook Riekkola
Keyword(s):  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Times ◽  
Energy Economic Model ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This paper aims to quantify the potentials for the development of combined heat and power (CHP) in Europe. Design/methodology/approach – To this end, it uses the TIMES-EU energy-economic model and assesses the impact of key policy options and targets in the area of CO2 emissions reduction, renewable energies and energy efficiency improvements. The results are also compared with the cogeneration potentials as reported by the Member States in their national reports. Findings – The paper shows that CHP output could be more than doubled and that important CHP penetration potential exists in expanding the European district heating systems. This result is even more pronounced with the far-reaching CO2 emissions reduction necessary in order to meet a long-term 2 degree target. Nevertheless, the paper also shows that strong CO2 emission reductions in the energy sector might limit the CHP potential due to increased competition for biomass with the transport sector. Originality/value – Given the proven socio-economic benefits of using CHP, the paper identifies the areas for future research in order to better exploit the potential of this technology such as the combination of CHP and district cooling or country- and industry-specific options to generate process heat.

Evaluation and Optimization of Automated Operation in Small CHP Plants

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeppe Grue ◽  
Jens Andersen ◽  
Niels From ◽  
Inger Bach
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Operating Strategy

Abstract In Denmark power generation is extensively based on small combined heat and power plants, which produce electric power and district heating. This work will focus on the small plants around 1 MW in size, which are often unmanned and operating completely automatically. The objective of this work is to formulate a method which can be used to determine the optimal operating strategy for a CHP plant, and that this strategy must be fully automated. The contribution margin of the plant is used as the objective function for the optimization. Finally the method is tested on a small CHP plant, which is a gas engine producing 1.34 MW electrical power and 1.6 MJ/s district heating. The methods, which are developed, can be used in general for the evaluation and optimization of automated strategies for the operation of small-unmanned CHP plants. The strong feature of the method is that it sets an ultimate target that is the best possible one to obtain with a view to any strategy. This provides a basis for the evaluation and optimization of the actual strategy.

Impact of Operating Regime on Economic Performamnce of Combined Cycle Power Plants

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea Fetescu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Regime ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Base Load

It is accepted that CCPP has the highest fuel conversion efficiency among fossil fuel fired generation technologies. The extensive installed base of CCPP worldwide is justified by additional advantages: low capital investment, short construction time, low environmental impact and high operating flexibility. The operating flexibility, with fast loading and deloading and short start-up and shutdown durations, allows CCPPs to fulfill a wide range of operating duties, such cycling, intermediate load to base load, grid frequency or voltage control and part load operation; mostly on a competitively generated cost basis. The traditional approach to CCPP development is to design an optimised plant, taking into consideration the technical and economic boundary conditions of a specific project. This includes assumptions for operating regime: base load, intermediate load or cycling with daily start-up and shutdown. In a deregulated environment, plants are dispatched on merit. The assumptions related to operating regime and used for optimising the configuration of a particular CCPP, often deviate significantly during commercial operation. The objective of this work is to evaluate the impact of the operating regime on CCPP economic performance. During the economic feasibility evaluation of a power project it is frequently considered that the main factors affecting the electricity generation cost, are capital cost and fuel cost. As far as the operating regime is concerned, a number for yearly operating hours is then assumed and eventually sensitivity is considered. The content of this work is an investigation on how the capital, fuel and O&M costs, components of the generation costs, are affected by the utilisation factor, by operating modes and loads, frequency and duration of start-up and shudown [s&s] of the plant. The conclusion of the paper is that both, operating regime and operating procedure have an important impact on economic performance of combined cycle plants. Annual operating hours and the number of s&s influence the factors which contribute to the profitability and competitiveness of the plant, such as EOH, availability, performance degradation, O&M costs and directly the average plant output and efficiency. Finally the economic performance of combined cycle plants can be significantly improved by re-visiting the conceptual design and the operating concept.

Impact of Forecast Uncertainty on Wind Farm Profitability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Francesco Frate ◽  
Lorenzo Ferrari ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Forecast Error ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Forecast Errors ◽  
Forecast Lead Time ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The great amount of support schemes that initially fueled the fast, and often uncontrollable, Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) growth have been strongly reduced or revoked in many countries. Currently, the general trend is to try to equate the RESs to the traditional power plants. From the energy market point of view, this entails exposing the RESs more to the market competition and mechanics. This could be done, for example, requiring the stochastic RESs to submit a production schedule in advance and to be financially responsible for any deviation from this. This could push the Wind Farm (WF) operators to make accurate forecasts, fostering the electric system resiliency and an efficient use of balancing resources. From the forecasting point of view this is not a trivial problem, since the schedule submission is often due 10–12 hours before the actual delivery. Since forecast errors are unavoidable, the submitted schedule could turn out to be infeasible, forcing the WF to recur to correcting actions which are generally costly. Focusing on this, the analysis estimates the revenue reduction which would affect a WF operating in the energy market due to forecast errors. To do this in a realistic way, a case study is selected, and realistic forecast scenarios are generated using a copula approach. Important forecast error features like autocorrelation and dependency on forecasted power level and forecast lead-time are modeled. The revenue reduction due to balancing actions is calculated on an annual basis, using typical days, derived through the production data clustering. Losses ranging from 5% to 35% has been found, depending on the days and on the market prices. A sensitivity analysis to the costs of balancing actions is performed. In this way, the effect of different market architectures and, possibly, of different RESs penetration level is considered in the analysis. Finally, the effectiveness of the curtailment as a technique to reduce the impact of forecast errors in highly penalizing market environments is assessed.

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