Experimental and Analytical Analysis of Aero-Derivative Micro Gas Turbine Heat Transfer and Performance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aki Grönman ◽  
Petri Sallinen ◽  
Juha Honkatukia ◽  
Jari Backman ◽  
Antti Uusitalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Flow Configurations ◽  
Gas Turbine Heat Transfer ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Small-scale gas turbines offer a light weight alternative to engine generators. Despite the many benefits of a micro gas turbine, its efficiency cannot match that of its competitors. This discrepancy is mostly due to Reynolds number losses in turbomachinery but also partly due to internal heat transfer problems, which degrade the performance below what is adiabatically expected. In general, a good understanding about the heat transfer inside the machine is of paramount importance, and innovative engineering solutions are required to improve overall performance. Overall, one of the less exploited areas in the public literature is the effect of the generator cooling approach. Small jet engines can be used as a simple and affordable foundation to produce portable aero derivative micro gas turbines for demonstrating the specific challenges they face but also to study different flow configurations. This study presents combined analytical and experimental analysis of a portable aero derivative micro gas turbine with three main objectives. The first objective is to evaluate the contributions of different heat leakage losses on the overall performance. The second objective is to compare the influence of different generator cooling approaches. And the third objective is to evaluate the effect of different technical modifications. As a result, suggestions are given about the most suitable machine layouts and the importance of several design choices.

scholarly journals Diagnostics-Oriented Modelling of Micro Gas Turbines for Fleet Monitoring and Maintenance Optimization

Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moksadur Rahman ◽  
Valentina Zaccaria ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Konstantinos Kyprianidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost

The market for the small-scale micro gas turbine is expected to grow rapidly in the coming years. Especially, utilization of commercial off-the-shelf components is rapidly reducing the cost of ownership and maintenance, which is paving the way for vast adoption of such units. However, to meet the high-reliability requirements of power generators, there is an acute need of a real-time monitoring system that will be able to detect faults and performance degradation, and thus allow preventive maintenance of these units to decrease downtime. In this paper, a micro gas turbine based combined heat and power system is modelled and used for development of physics-based diagnostic approaches. Different diagnostic schemes for performance monitoring of micro gas turbines are investigated.

Build Direction Effects on Additively Manufactured Channels

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob C. Snyder ◽  
Curtis K. Stimpson ◽  
Karen A. Thole ◽  
Dominic Mongillo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbine Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbine Heat Transfer ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

With the advances of Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), also generically referred to as additive manufacturing, novel geometric features of internal channels for gas turbine cooling can be achieved beyond those features using traditional manufacturing techniques. There are many variables, however, in the DMLS process that affect the final quality of the part. Of most interest to gas turbine heat transfer designers are the roughness levels and tolerance levels that can be held for the internal channels. This study investigates the effect of DMLS build direction and channel shape on the pressure loss and heat transfer measurements of small scale channels. Results indicate that differences in pressure loss occur between the test cases with differing channel shapes and build directions, while little change is measured in heat transfer performance.

Aerodynamic Design and Numerical Investigation on Overall Performance of a Micro Radial Turbine With Millimeter-Scale

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Fu ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
Qinghua Deng ◽  
Zhenping Feng
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Radial Turbine ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Low Reynolds ◽  
Exit Mach Number ◽  
Installation Technology

For millimeter-scale microturbines, the principal challenge is to achieve a design scheme to meet the aerothermodynamics, geometry restriction, structural strength and component functionality requirements while in consideration of the applicable materials, realizable manufacturing and installation technology. This paper mainly presents numerical investigations on the aerothermodynamic design, geometrical design and overall performance prediction of a millimeter-scale radial turbine with rotor diameter of 10mm. Four kinds of turbine rotor profiles were designed, and they were compared with one another in order to select the suitable profile for the micro radial turbine. The leaving velocity loss in micro gas turbines was found to be a large source of inefficiency. The approach of refining the geometric structure of rotor blades and the profile of diffuser were adopted to reduce the exit Mach number thus improving the total-static efficiency. Different from general gas turbines, micro gas turbines are operated in low Reynolds numbers, 104∼105, which has significant effect on flow separation, heat transfer and laminar to turbulent flow transition. Based on the selected rotor profile, several micro gas turbine configurations with different tip clearances of 0.1mm, 0.2mm and 0.3mm, respectively; two different isothermal wall conditions; and two laminar-turbulent transition models were investigated to understand the particular influence of low Reynolds number. These influences on the overall performance of the micro gas turbine were analyzed in details. The results indicate that these configurations should be included and emphasized during the design process of the millimeter-scale micro radial turbines.

Micro Gas-Turbine Design for Small-Scale Hybrid Solar Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Aichmayer ◽  
James Spelling ◽  
Björn Laumert ◽  
Torsten Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Receiver Design ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Costs

Hybrid solar micro gas-turbines are a promising technology for supplying controllable low-carbon electricity in off-grid regions. A thermoeconomic model of three different hybrid micro gas-turbine power plant layouts has been developed, allowing their environmental and economic performance to be analyzed. In terms of receiver design, it was shown that the pressure drop is a key criterion. However, for recuperated layouts, the combined pressure drop of the recuperator and receiver is more important. In terms of both electricity costs and carbon emissions, the internally-fired recuperated micro gas-turbine was shown to be the most promising solution of the three configurations evaluated. Compared to competing diesel generators, the electricity costs from hybrid solar units are between 10% and 43% lower, while specific CO2 emissions are reduced by 20–35%.

scholarly journals AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IMPACT ON MICRO GAS TURBINES: EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Rossi ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

In the panorama of gas turbines for energy production, a great relevance is given to performance impact of the ambient conditions. Under the influence of ambient temperature, humidity and other factors, the engine performance is subject to consistent variations. This is true for large power plants as well as small engines. In Combined Cycle configuration, variation in performance are mitigated by the HRSG and the bottoming steam cycle. In a small scale system, such as a micro gas turbine, the influence on the electric and thermal power productions is strong as well, and is not mitigated by a bottoming cycle. This work focuses on the Turbec T100 micro gas turbine and its performance through a series of operations with different ambient temperatures. The goal is to characterize the engine performance deriving simple correlations for the influence of ambient temperature on performance, at different electrical loads. The newly obtained experimental data are compared with previous performance curves on a modified machine, to capture the differences due to hardware degradation in time. An active management of the compressor inlet temperature may be developed in the future, basing on the analysis reported here.

Micro Gas-Turbine Design for Small-Scale Hybrid Solar Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Aichmayer ◽  
James Spelling ◽  
Björn Laumert ◽  
Torsten Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Receiver Design ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Costs

Hybrid solar micro gas-turbines are a promising technology for supplying controllable low-carbon electricity in off-grid regions. A thermoeconomic model of three different hybrid micro gas-turbine power plant layouts has been developed, allowing their environmental and economic performance to be analyzed. In terms of receiver design, it was shown that the pressure drop is a key criterion. However, for recuperated layouts the combined pressure drop of the recuperator and receiver is more important. The internally-fired recuperated micro gas-turbine was shown to be the most promising solution of the three configurations evaluated, in terms of both electricity costs and carbon emissions. Compared to competing diesel generators, the electricity costs from hybrid solar units are between 10% and 43% lower, while specific CO2 emissions are reduced by 20–35%.

scholarly journals Review of Recuperator used in Micro Gas Turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 634-637
Author(s):  
Yastuti Rao Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Unit ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine Unit ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

Micro gas turbines are an auspicious technology for power generation because of their small size, low pollution, low maintenance, high reliability and natural fuel used. Recuperator is vital requirement in micro gas turbine unit for improve the efficiency of micro turbine unit . Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics are important for designing an efficient recuperator. Recuperators preheat compressed air by transfer heat from exhaust gas of turbines, thus reducing fuel consumption and improving the thermal efficiency of micro gas turbine unit from 16–20% to 30%. The fundamental principles for optimization design of PSR are light weight, low pressure loss and high heat-transfer between exhaust gas to compressed air. There is many type of recuperator used in micro gas turbine like Annular CWPS recuperator , recuperator with involute-profile element , honey well , swiss-Roll etc . In this review paper is doing study of Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of many types recuperator.

Micro Gas Turbine Small-Scale Effects in Range Extended Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Adeel Javed ◽  
Hassan Abdullah Khalid ◽  
Syed Umer bin Arif ◽  
Mohammad Imran ◽  
Ahmed Rezk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Range Extender ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Driving Range ◽  
Battery Bank

Abstract Application of a range extender in an electric vehicle can reduce the battery bank size and extend the driving range on need basis. A micro gas turbine offers high power density, fuel flexibility, a reliable thermal efficiency (with recuperation) and less raw exhaust gaseous emissions compared to an internal combustion engine. However, micro gas turbines also incur low component performances due to small-scale effects related to high viscous losses, heat transfer between hot and cold sections, and manufacturing and assembly constraints compared to their larger counterparts. In this paper, the micro gas turbine thermodynamic cycle has been designed in Gas Turbine Simulation Program (GSP) and evaluated in terms of the small-scale effects simultaneously with the battery bank energy and charging time analysis. The key objective is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a micro gas turbine in saving weight of a range-extended electric vehicle while understanding the impact of small-scale effects on the battery bank energy and charging time. Results indicate that a relatively smaller 22 kWh battery bank can be utilized with prospects of cost savings together with a 47 kW micro gas turbine range extender to achieve an average driving range of 100 km and a charging time of 30 min for the baseline electric vehicle. Furthermore, the compressor and turbine isentropic efficiencies are found to have a significant impact on the overall battery bank performance.

Build Direction Effects on Additively Manufactured Channels

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob C. Snyder ◽  
Curtis K. Stimpson ◽  
Karen A. Thole ◽  
Dominic Mongillo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbine Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbine Heat Transfer ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

With the advance of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), also generically referred to as additive manufacturing (AM), novel geometric features of internal channels for gas turbine cooling can be achieved beyond those features using traditional manufacturing techniques. There are many variables, however, in the DMLS process that affect the final quality of the part. Of most interest to gas turbine heat transfer designers are the roughness levels and tolerance levels that can be held for the internal channels. This study investigates the effect of DMLS build direction and channel shape on the pressure loss and heat transfer measurements of small-scale channels. Results indicate that differences in pressure loss occur between the test cases with differing channel shapes and build directions, while little change is measured in heat transfer performance.

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