Lessons Learnt From Ignalina NPP Decommissioning Project

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Naisse
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Management Unit ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
The Republic

The Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP) is located in Lithuania, 130 km north of Vilnius, and consists of two 1500 MWe RBMK type units, commissioned respectively in December 1983 and August 1987. On the 1st of May 2004, the Republic of Lithuania became a member of the European Union. With the protocol on the Ignalina Nuclear Power in Lithuania which is annexed to the Accession Treaty, the Contracting Parties have agreed: - On Lithuanian side, to commit closure of unit 1 of INPP before 2005 and of Unit 2 by 31 December 2009; - On European Union side, to provide adequate additional Community assistance to the efforts of Lithuania to decommission INPP. The paper is divided in two parts. The first part describes how, starting from this agreement, the project was launched and organized, what is its present status and which activities are planned to reach the final ambitious objective of a green field. To give a global picture, the content of the different projects that were defined and the licensing process will also be presented. In the second part, the paper will focus on the lessons learnt. It will explain the difficulties encountered to define the decommissioning strategy, considering both immediate or differed dismantling options and why the first option was finally selected. The paper will mention other challenges and problems that the different actors of the project faced and how they were managed and solved. The paper will be written by representatives of the Ignalina NPP and of the Project Management Unit.

scholarly journals Relevance of the Court Decision on the Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Plant in Relation to Paks II

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Dóra Lovas
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
State Aid ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union

<p>The aim of the article is to present the ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in the case of the Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant. This investment can also be related to the Paks II nuclear power plant investment, therefore the two investments are compared too. Both projects were examined by the European Commission, which take an important part when the national aid was awarded to Hinkley Point C and Paks II projects, and the decision of the CJEU also had influence on it. The author considers the European Commission’s aid conception positive, because the less developed countries are not forced to use only the renewables, but the environmental and security aspects of nuclear energy are also allowed (e.g. Hinkley Point C and Paks II nuclear power plants). The subsidy was allowed in both cases, but the reasons are different. In these cases, the limits of the EU energy politics can be seen, i.e. the right to select the package and the priority of the energy security and sustainable development. To mention an example for the difference, in Great Britain the energy sector was divided among the participants on the market but in Hungary the nuclear energy remained under state control. In the first option the state wanted to prove that it grants offset for the help to the general market services and in the second option the market investor principle was highlighted in order to show no other market participant act in other way. These points were not accepted, the state aid was provided both cases with permissible reasons because the projects condescend the goals of environmental policy and energy security. The decisions show that as a result of the efforts to protect the environment the dependency on energy increased and it cannot be solved only be encouraging the usage of the renewables. The permissive attitude of the European Commission can be found here and it is influenced by the increased state regulative roles. According to the author, it also appears in the environmentally friendly decisions which refers to the Paris Agreement’s fulfilment and the involvement of environmental requirements into politics. Moreover, the European Union tries to maintain its leader role in economics, which can be reached by the decrease of energy dependency and the exclusive usage of renewable energies is not the appropriate solution. The CJEU judgement is relevant in several respects. The article focuses primarily on the issue of environmental protection, state aid and the relation between the Euratom Treaty and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union.</p>

The Temelín nuclear power plant and the European Union in Austriane—Czech relations

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Fawn
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

The Czech Republic’s Temelín nuclear power plant provoked the worst relations between it and Austria. This article identifies novel, unexpected roles that the EU played in that dispute: mediator, framework-setting; absenteeism; foil; and belated enforcer. The EU ultimately altered the nature of the dispute and can be seen to have inadvertently defended a non-member state’s interests against those of an existing member.

scholarly journals Python TensorFlow Big Data Analysis for the Security of Korean Nuclear Power Plants

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1467
Author(s):  
Sangdo Lee ◽  
Jun-Ho Huh ◽  
Yonghoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Network Traffic ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Korea also suffered direct and indirect damages from the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan and realized the significance of security due to the cyber-threat to the Republic of Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. With such matters in mind, this study sought to suggest a measure for improving security in the nuclear power plant. Based on overseas cyber-attack cases and attacking scenario on the control facility of the nuclear power plant, the study designed and proposed a nuclear power plant control network traffic analysis system that satisfies the security requirements and in-depth defense strategy. To enhance the security of the nuclear power plant, the study collected data such as internet provided to the control facilities, network traffic of intranet, and security equipment events and compared and verified them with machine learning analysis. After measuring the accuracy and time, the study proposed the most suitable analysis algorithm for the power plant in order to realize power plant security that facilitates real-time detection and response in the event of a cyber-attack. In this paper, we learned how to apply data for multiple servers and apply various security information as data in the security application using logs, and match with regard to application of character data such as file names. We improved by applying gender, and we converted to continuous data by resetting based on the risk of non-continuous data, and two optimization algorithms were applied to solve the problem of overfitting. Therefore, we think that there will be a contribution in the connection experiment of the data decision part and the optimization algorithm to learn the security data.

scholarly journals Prospects of diversification and ensuring energy safety of Uzbekistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 01002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kahraman Allaev ◽  
Tokhir Makhmudov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic

The data on the current state of energy in Uzbekistan are given. The need to diversify the structure of the energy balance of the republic is shown, which ensures the energy security of the state in the medium and long term. It is argued that the construction of a nuclear power plant in Uzbekistan is not only expedient, but also necessary. In the future, renewable energy and nuclear power plants will become the basis of energy in Uzbekistan.

Research on Project Management of DCS Development for First AP1000 Unit

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
The World

Sanmen Nuclear Power Plant is constructing the first AP1000 unit in the world, and DCS system is adopted as the non-safety control system. This paper reviews the experience of Sanmen project, and analyzes the necessity of nuclear power plant Owner’s management for developing the DCS system, as well as how to manage the development effectively.

scholarly journals Radiation Hardness Test of a Silicon Detector under Radiation Dose Rate of Nuclear Power Plant for In-Containment Coolant Leakage Detection System

2021 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Jongheon Kim ◽  
Kihong Pak ◽  
Junesic Park ◽  
Yong Kyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Silicon Detector ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Silicon Sensor

An influence evaluation by background radiation on a silicon detector, which will be used to detect a coolant leakage, and installed in a containment building of a nuclear power plant, was performed and the result was discussed. The detector that consists of a silicon sensor and preamplifier mounted in a shielding structure which composed of a 5 cm lead cylinder will be installed in an annulus zone that is influenced by background radiation (neutron and gamma ray) from an operation of a nuclear reactor. Absorbed dose rates on a silicon sensor and preamplifier were calculated as 2.15 mGy/hr and 1.05 mGy/hr, respectively, by Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulation. Data of background radiation had referred to a Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR) of a nuclear power plant in the Republic of Korea. A silicon sensor and preamplifier were irradiated by a Co60 gamma radiation source equipped in a facility of Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (KAERI ARTI) of the Republic of Korea. A Po-210 alpha source was used as a check source to evaluate a state of a function of the detector during gamma irradiation. Absorbed dose rates were about 22.92 mGy/hr and 6.6 mGy/hr on silicon sensor and preamplifier, respectively. Before and during gamma irradiation, a count rates from the check source wasn`t changed (from 18.4 cps to 18.4±0.2 cps after irradiation), and any degradations of function also weren`t observed. Even more harsh condition than calculated dose rates referred by the condition of background radiation of in-containment, the silicon detector maintained the ability of function of charged particles detection. Based on the result, it has been demonstrated that a silicon detector is a suitable detector for detecting charged particles from a leaked coolant even during interfered by the background radiation of a primary system of a nuclear power plant.

Updated Probabilistic Analysis of External Events Data and Safety of the Nuclear Power Plant in Lithuania

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Kupciuniene ◽  
Robertas Alzbutas
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Probabilistic Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Extreme Wind ◽  
External Events ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Events Data

The main purpose of performed work is the probabilistic analysis of extreme external events, which have a potential influence on safety of the present nuclear power plant (NPP) in Lithuania. This analysis can also be related to the future NPP in Lithuania at the same site. At first, the methodology was established for screening out hazardous events, which impact on the present Ignalina NPP safety is not significant. For risk estimation, the following external events were considered in detail: forest fire, external flood, airplane crash, extreme wind. In order to estimate probabilities of hazards occurrence the statistical data related to various external events were collected, mathematical models were constructed and probabilities of these events occurrence were determined. Statistical, meteorological and other updated data from the Republic of Lithuania has been used to estimate probability of the most important hazardous events. Due to many factors affecting the inaccuracy of any result it is not enough to calculate only the estimate of the probability of the event. There is a need also to evaluate errors or variations of result made by such estimation. For such purpose uncertainty and sensitivity analysis was performed for a probability estimate, i.e. frequency of the event. This analysis determines the parameters that have the greatest influence on the probabilistic model results. The modelling of external events occurrence and its impact on the NPP is significant in order to evaluate the safety of NPP and to prevent failure of the systems important to the safety.

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