Nanohole Arrays as Optical and Fluidic Elements for Sensing

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Escobedo ◽  
Fatemeh Eftekhari ◽  
Jacqueline Ferreira ◽  
Paul Wood ◽  
Reuven Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Nanohole Array ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Enhanced Transmission ◽  
Nanohole Arrays ◽  
Film Layer ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Array Sensing

Arrays of nanoholes in metal films present several opportunities as surface based sensors in lab-on-chip systems. Metallic nanohole arrays support surface electromagnetic waves that enable enhanced transmission through the holes and have been harnessed for chemical and biological sensing. Nanohole array based sensing performed to date has involved nanoholes that end shortly beyond the metallic film layer on a substrate such as glass. Such dead-ended holes fail to harness the potential of through-hole nanohole arrays including enhanced transport of reactants to the active area and a solution sieving action that is unique among surface-based sensing methods. In this work we investigate the potential of a flow-through-array sensing format.

SENSING AND ACTUATING BIO-MATERIALS ON STANDARD CMOS SUBSTRATES

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250081 ◽  
Author(s):  
FAISAL T. ABU-NIMEH ◽  
FATHI M. SALEM
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Magnetic Bead ◽  
Column Switching ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Coil Array ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Array Sensing

We present a low-cost, low-power, high efficiency, and portable integrated implementations of a lab-on-chip for magnetic molecular level sensing manipulation, and diagnosis. The design features an all-integrated programmable magnetic coil array for sensing and actuating small magnetic bead objects. The coil array is selectively and dynamically controlled using the smallest permissible vertical coil inductors in this technology. Each cell, composed of the coil and its logical control circuitry, can detect small objects in the order of 1 μm diameter as well as emit eight programmable magnetic field levels for manipulation. All array sensing and driving components are shared to reduce the overall imprint. They are tuned towards the 900 s MHz ISM band and incorporating high-speed serial row/column switching up to 40 MHz for seamless pseudo-parallel operation.

sbRIO Lab–On–Chip Gas Sensing and Monitoring for Multisensory Array

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Noradhlia Mohamad Tukijan ◽  
Mohd Azhar Abdul Razak ◽  
Fauzan Khairi Che Harun
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Early Preparation

It is utmost to create a system at which can monitor and indicate the gas level exist in certain area, especially for hazardous gas, as early preparation and protection before something worst happen. The gas sensing and monitoring system composes of hardware and software elements. A spiral chamber which is simplified on chip, known as Lab–On–Chip (LOC), plays an important role in this system. The examined gases will be analysed by 16 sensors during the flow through the spiral chamber. The responses of these sensors are obtained via analogue input channels from single board RIO (sbRIO) and are displayed on a computer using LabVIEW virtual instrument software. The system offers portable, real–time monitoring and fast response time even in room temperature.

Integration and Application of a Surface Plasmon Sensor Array On-Chip

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela De Leebeeck ◽  
L. Kiran Swaroop Kumar ◽  
Alexandre G. Brolo ◽  
Reuven Gordon ◽  
David Sinton
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Sensor Array ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Spr Sensor ◽  
Nanohole Arrays ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
On Chip

A microfluidic device with an embedded surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor array was developed. The sensing elements were nanohole arrays, differentiated by periodicity. The device was applied to detection of concentration across a gradient, and the detection of surface binding events. To determine sensitivity and for the gradient-based detection experiments, glucose solutions of known refractive index were employed. Consecutive surface binding events were monitored in the flow-through assembly of a monolayer (cysteamine) with a linker (biotin) and a protein (streptavidin).

Nanofluidics Meets Plasmonics: Flow-Through Surface-Based Sensing

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Escobedo ◽  
A. G. Brolo ◽  
R. Gordon ◽  
D. Sinton
Keyword(s):  
Nanohole Array ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Resonant Transmission ◽  
Nanohole Arrays ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Rapid Transport ◽  
Array Format

Nanostructures exhibit both nanofluidic and nanophotonic phenomena that can be exploited in sensing applications. In the case of nanohole arrays, the role of surface plasmons on resonant transmission motivates their application as surface-based biosensors. Research to date, however, has focused on dead-ended (or ‘blind’) holes, and therefore failed to harness the benefits of nanoconfined transport combined with plasmonic sensing. A flow-through nanohole array format presented here enables biomarker sieving and rapid transport of reactants to the sensing surface. Proof of concept operation is demonstrated and compared with previous methods. The various transport mechanisms are characterized with the aim to utilize the metallic plasmonic nanostructure as an active element in concentrating as well as detecting analytes. The invited presentation will provide an overview of all our experimental, computational and analytical work in this area. This paper is focused on the analysis and evaluation of flow-through nanohole arrays for analyte sensing.

scholarly journals Structural Stability of Optofluidic Nanostructures in Flow-Through Operation

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazan Bdour ◽  
Juan Gomez-Cruz ◽  
Carlos Escobedo
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Effective Area ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Structural Failure ◽  
Nanohole Array ◽  
Periodic Arrays ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Experimental Values

Optofluidic sensors based on periodic arrays of subwavelength apertures that support surface plasmon resonance can be employed as both optical sensors and nanofluidic structures. In flow-through operation, the nanoapertures experience pressure differences across the substrate in which they are fabricated, which imposes the risk for structural failure. This work presents an investigation of the deflection and structural stability of nanohole array-based optofluidic sensors operating in flow-through mode. The analysis was approached using experiments, simulations via finite element method, and established theoretical models. The results depict that certain areas of the sensor deflect under pressure, with some regions suffering high mechanical stress. The offset in the deflection values between theoretical models and actual experimental values is overturned when only the effective area of the substrate, of 450 µm, is considered. Experimental, theoretical, and simulation results suggest that the periodic nanostructures can safely operate under trans-membrane pressures of up to 20 psi, which induce deflections of up to ~20 μm.

Surface Plasmon Enhanced Transmission with Self-assembled Hexagonal Nanohole Arrays

2008 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Lou ◽  
Nathan Westcott ◽  
John McGlade ◽  
John F. Muth ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Nanohole Array ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Enhanced Transmission ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Nanohole Arrays ◽  
Surface Patterns

Abstract The optical properties of hexagonal nanohole arrays in gold films are investigated. Nanosphere lithography combined with reactive ion etching has been applied as a low cost method to fabricate nanohole arrays with hexagonal symmetry where the size and spacing of the holes can be independently controlled. In this study, the spacing between the nanoholes is 600 nm with the hole diameter varied between 450 and 250 nm. The transmission spectra of the surface patterns with different film thickness are collected with normally incident light. The color of the reflected light from the nanohole array was found to change from green to red as the diameter of the holes was reduced. One application of these films is to study cell adhesion to small areas with controlled size. We explore the possibility of making isolated cell adhesion dots by chemically modifying the nanohole area. Swiss 3T3 cells were adhered onto the patterned surface and imaged using environmental SEM and fluorescent microscopy.

scholarly journals A Lab‐On‐chip Tool for Rapid, Quantitative, and Stage‐selective Diagnosis of Malaria

2021 ◽  
pp. 2004101
Author(s):  
Marco Giacometti ◽  
Francesca Milesi ◽  
Pietro Lorenzo Coppadoro ◽  
Alberto Rizzo ◽  
Federico Fagiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lab On Chip ◽  
On Chip

scholarly journals Integrated Magnetohydrodynamic Pump with Magnetic Composite Substrate and Laser-Induced Graphene Electrodes

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Mohammed Asadullah Khan ◽  
Jürgen Kosel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Magnetic Composite ◽  
Propulsive Force ◽  
Closed Channel ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Composite Substrate ◽  
On Chip ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moving Parts

An integrated polymer-based magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pump that can actuate saline fluids in closed-channel devices is presented. MHD pumps are attractive for lab-on-chip applications, due to their ability to provide high propulsive force without any moving parts. Unlike other MHD devices, a high level of integration is demonstrated by incorporating both laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes as well as a NdFeB magnetic-flux source in the NdFeB-polydimethylsiloxane permanent magnetic composite substrate. The effects of transferring the LIG film from polyimide to the magnetic composite substrate were studied. Operation of the integrated magneto hydrodynamic pump without disruptive bubbles was achieved. In the studied case, the pump produces a flow rate of 28.1 µL/min. while consuming ~1 mW power.

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