Fracture Strength of Laser Etched Glass

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Browne ◽  
Ronald A. L. Rorrer
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Laser Etching ◽  
Laser Ablation Process ◽  
Nominal Strength ◽  
Point Bend

The effect of CO2 laser etching on the strength of soda lime plate glass has been investigated. The majority of common beverage glassware is comprised of soda lime glass. Laser etching is used to create patterns on such glassware for aesthetic reasons. Various etching conditions have been investigated in order to compare to the strength of un-etched glass. Three point bend tests were used to determine strength values. The resulting fracture strength of etched glass is based upon the flaws and resulting stress concentrations created during the laser ablation process. In addition to stress concentrations, the thermal history and residual thermal stresses play a role in the failure process. Samples were also cyclically washed to determine the effect of water and thermal cycling. Results were documented and compared via Weibull analysis. Nominal strength values were 114 MPA for unetched, 83 MPa for wash cycled, 43 MPa for etched, and 33 MPa for etched and wash cycled.

scholarly journals Solar Cooker Glass Failure Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Peter Kolis ◽  
Margaret Pinnell
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Glass Cutting ◽  
Cutting Processes ◽  
Tools And Methods

The failure of a pane of glass from a solar box cooker made and used in Sabana Grande, Nicaragua, was analyzed to determine the cause of failure and to recommend possible solutions. Background research into solar box cookers, the environment in which the failure occurred, characteristics of glass and wood, methods of fractography, and glass cutting tools and methods was carried out. The type of glass used in the solar cooker was unknown, so the observable physical properties, an energy dispersive spectroscopic scan, and thermal analysis of the glass were used to identify the glass as soda-lime glass. The properties of the glass, the conditions of use, and an analysis of the fracture pattern and fracture surfaces were used to determine that the glass had been weakened by cutting processes and that the fracture occurred as a result of thermal stresses. Several recommendations were presented including altering the design of the solar cooker to provide more clearance for the glass panels, incorporating the use of improved glass cutting techniques and sanding the edges of the glass.

Effect of Sol-Gel Thin Coatings on the Fracture Strength of Glass

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 896-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estíbaliz Sánchez-González ◽  
Pedro Miranda ◽  
Antonio Díaz-Parralejo ◽  
Antonia Pajares ◽  
Fernando Guiberteau
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Thin Coatings ◽  
Coated Glass ◽  
Chemical Attack ◽  
Glass Slides

The effect of ZrO2–3 mol/ Y2O3sol-gel thin coatings on the fracture of soda-lime glass is investigated. For this purpose, a recently developed strength measurement procedure—based on making a brittle material flex on top of a soft substrate by applying a load with a spherical indenter to the top surface of the system—is used. Results suggest significant variation of both the average fracture strength and the Weibull modulus on coated glass slides. It is suggested that the origin of such variations can be attributed to a certain chemical degradation of the glass during the coating process. This chemical attack produces a highly homogeneous flaw population on the glass surface which governs its fracture behavior. Implications of this work for the practical use of coated glass layers are discussed.

Fracture strength of soda-lime glass after etching

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1803-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Pavelchek ◽  
R. H. Doremus
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass

scholarly journals Visualization of Stress Distribution by Photoelastic Method Under Ultrasonic Grinding Condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 736-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Isobe ◽  
Natsuki Sasada ◽  
Keisuke Hara ◽  
Jun Ishimatsu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Phase Difference ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Hertzian Contact ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Wheel Vibration

This study investigates phenomena in ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding. The appropriateness of a stress visualization method is proven through comparison of a Hertzian contact stress analysis using finite element methods. The stress distribution on soda-lime glass caused by a 3-mm-diameter diamond electro-deposited wheel is visualized using a photo-elasticity method. The study compares the local stress concentrations caused by grains with and without ultrasonic wheel vibration. The global reaction force is measured by a dynamometer. The ultrasonic vibration leads to a reduced fluctuation of force, as well as a reduced time-averaged force. It is thought that the ultrasonic vibration causes a smaller local stress beneath the grains, which generates chips. In contrast, typical photo-elasticity methods are applicable for plane stress conditions. However, the stress distribution in a workpiece under a face grinding condition is distributed three-dimensionally, and the stress distribution cannot be recognized directly from the phase difference. Assuming that the stress distribution is sufficiently stable in a wheel rotation, continuously-captured images can be reconstructed to produce a 3D stress distribution, using computed tomography. The experimental tomographic images show a spatially-dispersed phase difference image caused by the electro-deposited wheel, with several discontinuous diamond grains on the end face of the wheel.

On Crack Control Strategy in Near-Field Microwave Drilling of Soda Lime Glass Using Precursors

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Kumar Lautre ◽  
Apurbba Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shantanu Das ◽  
Pradeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Cracking Behavior

Processing of glass is indeed challenging owing to its chemical passivity; it is prone to cracking while processing through mechanical and thermal modes without appropriate strategies. Near-field microwave drilling is a thermal-ablation based material removal technique of generating high heat flux in the targeted area. Glasses tend to fail quite frequently during this processing owing to thermal stresses (shock). It was therefore important to develop suitable strategies to minimize cracking during this potentially pragmatic process for microdrilling. Accordingly, in the present work, an attempt was made to change the medium of the interface at the target drilling zone through application of seven different surface precursors to influence the local heat-flow characteristics. The cracking behavior of the soda lime glass during microwave drilling in a customized applicator under controlled power input (90–900 W) at 2.45 GHz was investigated. The heat was generated inside the applicator by creating a plasma sphere in the drilling zone through a metallic concentrator. The thermal shock on the glass specimen was found reduced by the combination of a good dielectric precursor and microwave concentration for hotspot formation, which in turn, reduces the cracking/crazing tendency. Trials were carried out while drilling holes on 1.2 mm thick glass plates at various duty cycles (DCs) to study the crack intensity and pattern. The near-field microwave drilling condition was also simulated to obtain the contours of the induced stresses. The results so obtained were compared with the cracking signatures of the experimental outputs; a good correlation could be obtained. It was found that both solid and liquid fluxes as precursor could be effective to control cracking during microwave drilling.

Methods for Determining the Mode I and Mode II Fracture Toughness of Glass Using Thermal Stresses

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Gillanders ◽  
R. A. Riddle ◽  
R. D. Streit ◽  
I. Finnie
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Mode Ii ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Mode Ii Fracture Toughness ◽  
Free Environment

The fracture toughness of soda-lime glass was measured by applying thermal stresses to center-cracked plates. Mode I cracking was achieved by chilling the crack faces. The stress intensity factor was obtained by combining temperature measurements with a finite element solution. The average value of KIC = 0.77 MN/m3/2 based on three tests agrees well with values in the literature for a water-free environment. Mode II cracking was achieved by applying a temperature gradient normal to the crack. A value KIIC = 1.6 MN/m3/2 was obtained in two tests using a finite element computation based on the temperature distribution computed from the specimen’s thermal boundary conditions.

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