scholarly journals Solar Cooker Glass Failure Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Peter Kolis ◽  
Margaret Pinnell
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Glass Panels ◽  
Glass Cutting ◽  
Cutting Processes ◽  
Tools And Methods

The failure of a pane of glass from a solar box cooker made and used in Sabana Grande, Nicaragua, was analyzed to determine the cause of failure and to recommend possible solutions. Background research into solar box cookers, the environment in which the failure occurred, characteristics of glass and wood, methods of fractography, and glass cutting tools and methods was carried out. The type of glass used in the solar cooker was unknown, so the observable physical properties, an energy dispersive spectroscopic scan, and thermal analysis of the glass were used to identify the glass as soda-lime glass. The properties of the glass, the conditions of use, and an analysis of the fracture pattern and fracture surfaces were used to determine that the glass had been weakened by cutting processes and that the fracture occurred as a result of thermal stresses. Several recommendations were presented including altering the design of the solar cooker to provide more clearance for the glass panels, incorporating the use of improved glass cutting techniques and sanding the edges of the glass.

Utilization of Glass Cutting Sludge and Sanitary Ware Sludge in Ceramic Pressed Bodies

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apirat Theerapapvisetpong ◽  
Siripan Nilpairach
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Sanitary Ware ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Glass Cutting

Ceramic manufacturers are finding the way to decrease firing temperature and recover their wastes in order to keep production costs down. In this study earthenware ceramic bodies were prepared by adding a soda-lime glass grinding effluent powder (dried sludge) as a fluxing agent at 0–50 wt.% into either sanitary ware sludge powder (from a sanitary ware manufacturing process) or fresh pottery clay from Ang-thong, Thailand. The dried and pressed mixtures were fired at 1100, 1125 and 1150 °C and tested for the firing shrinkage, modulus of rupture, water absorption and bulk density. The formed product microstructure was observed by the scanning electron microscopy, and the phase composition was characterized by X-ray diffractometer. The results revealed that the best condition for adding the glass powder in Ang-thong pottery clay was the inclusion of 10 wt.% soda-lime glass effluent powder in the pottery clay. Its flexural strength increased from 51.25 MPa to 93.40 MPa after firing at 1125 °C with the water absorption of 0.42 wt.% and the firing shrinkage of 10.25 %. The optimum firing temperature and soda-lime glass content in sanitary ware sludge were 1150 °C and 20 wt.%, respectively. Its flexural strength increased from 103.16 MPa to 118.16 MPa with the water absorption of 0.52 wt.% and the firing shrinkage of 13.67 %. The results illustrated the potential to use soda-lime glass cutting sludge and sanitary ware sludge as raw materials for earthenware ceramic body.

Fracture Strength of Laser Etched Glass

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Browne ◽  
Ronald A. L. Rorrer
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Laser Etching ◽  
Laser Ablation Process ◽  
Nominal Strength ◽  
Point Bend

The effect of CO2 laser etching on the strength of soda lime plate glass has been investigated. The majority of common beverage glassware is comprised of soda lime glass. Laser etching is used to create patterns on such glassware for aesthetic reasons. Various etching conditions have been investigated in order to compare to the strength of un-etched glass. Three point bend tests were used to determine strength values. The resulting fracture strength of etched glass is based upon the flaws and resulting stress concentrations created during the laser ablation process. In addition to stress concentrations, the thermal history and residual thermal stresses play a role in the failure process. Samples were also cyclically washed to determine the effect of water and thermal cycling. Results were documented and compared via Weibull analysis. Nominal strength values were 114 MPA for unetched, 83 MPa for wash cycled, 43 MPa for etched, and 33 MPa for etched and wash cycled.

On Crack Control Strategy in Near-Field Microwave Drilling of Soda Lime Glass Using Precursors

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Kumar Lautre ◽  
Apurbba Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shantanu Das ◽  
Pradeep Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Cracking Behavior

Processing of glass is indeed challenging owing to its chemical passivity; it is prone to cracking while processing through mechanical and thermal modes without appropriate strategies. Near-field microwave drilling is a thermal-ablation based material removal technique of generating high heat flux in the targeted area. Glasses tend to fail quite frequently during this processing owing to thermal stresses (shock). It was therefore important to develop suitable strategies to minimize cracking during this potentially pragmatic process for microdrilling. Accordingly, in the present work, an attempt was made to change the medium of the interface at the target drilling zone through application of seven different surface precursors to influence the local heat-flow characteristics. The cracking behavior of the soda lime glass during microwave drilling in a customized applicator under controlled power input (90–900 W) at 2.45 GHz was investigated. The heat was generated inside the applicator by creating a plasma sphere in the drilling zone through a metallic concentrator. The thermal shock on the glass specimen was found reduced by the combination of a good dielectric precursor and microwave concentration for hotspot formation, which in turn, reduces the cracking/crazing tendency. Trials were carried out while drilling holes on 1.2 mm thick glass plates at various duty cycles (DCs) to study the crack intensity and pattern. The near-field microwave drilling condition was also simulated to obtain the contours of the induced stresses. The results so obtained were compared with the cracking signatures of the experimental outputs; a good correlation could be obtained. It was found that both solid and liquid fluxes as precursor could be effective to control cracking during microwave drilling.

Methods for Determining the Mode I and Mode II Fracture Toughness of Glass Using Thermal Stresses

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Gillanders ◽  
R. A. Riddle ◽  
R. D. Streit ◽  
I. Finnie
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Mode Ii ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Mode Ii Fracture Toughness ◽  
Free Environment

The fracture toughness of soda-lime glass was measured by applying thermal stresses to center-cracked plates. Mode I cracking was achieved by chilling the crack faces. The stress intensity factor was obtained by combining temperature measurements with a finite element solution. The average value of KIC = 0.77 MN/m3/2 based on three tests agrees well with values in the literature for a water-free environment. Mode II cracking was achieved by applying a temperature gradient normal to the crack. A value KIIC = 1.6 MN/m3/2 was obtained in two tests using a finite element computation based on the temperature distribution computed from the specimen’s thermal boundary conditions.

Highly efficient biocide silver-doped soda lime glass for application in water quality optical sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Branimir Bajac ◽  
Jovana Stanojev ◽  
Slobodan Birgermajer ◽  
Milena Radojevic ◽  
Jovan Matovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Highly Efficient

scholarly journals Microfabrication and Surface Functionalization of Soda Lime Glass through Direct Laser Interference Patterning

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Marcos Soldera ◽  
Sabri Alamri ◽  
Paul Alexander Sürmann ◽  
Tim Kunze ◽  
Andrés Fabián Lasagni
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Direct Laser

All-purpose glasses are common in many established and emerging industries, such as microelectronics, photovoltaics, optical components, and biomedical devices due to their outstanding combination of mechanical, optical, thermal, and chemical properties. Surface functionalization through nano/micropatterning can further enhance glasses’ surface properties, expanding their applicability into new fields. Although laser structuring methods have been successfully employed on many absorbing materials, the processability of transparent materials with visible laser radiation has not been intensively studied, especially for producing structures smaller than 10 µm. Here, interference-based optical setups are used to directly pattern soda lime substrates through non-lineal absorption with ps-pulsed laser radiation in the visible spectrum. Line- and dot-like patterns are fabricated with spatial periods between 2.3 and 9.0 µm and aspect ratios up to 0.29. Furthermore, laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) with a feature size of approximately 300 nm are visible within these microstructures. The textured surfaces show significantly modified properties. Namely, the treated surfaces have an increased hydrophilic behavior, even reaching a super-hydrophilic state for some cases. In addition, the micropatterns act as relief diffraction gratings, which split incident light into diffraction modes. The process parameters were optimized to produce high-quality textures with super-hydrophilic properties and diffraction efficiencies above 30%.

scholarly journals Thermophysical Properties of Cement Mortar Containing Waste Glass Powder

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Oumaima Nasry ◽  
Abderrahim Samaouali ◽  
Sara Belarouf ◽  
Abdelkrim Moufakkir ◽  
Hanane Sghiouri El Idrissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Volumetric Specific Heat ◽  
Waste Glass Powder

This study aims to provide a thermophysical characterization of a new economical and green mortar. This material is characterized by partially replacing the cement with recycled soda lime glass. The cement was partially substituted (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60% in weight) by glass powder with a water/cement ratio of 0.4. The glass powder and four of the seven samples were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The thermophysical properties, such as thermal conductivity and volumetric specific heat, were experimentally measured in both dry and wet (water saturated) states. These properties were determined as a function of the glass powder percentage by using a CT-Meter at different temperatures (20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C and 50 °C) in a temperature-controlled box. The results show that the thermophysical parameters decreased linearly when 60% glass powder was added to cement mortar: 37% for thermal conductivity, 18% for volumetric specific heat and 22% for thermal diffusivity. The density of the mortar also decreased by about 11% in dry state and 5% in wet state. The use of waste glass powder as a cement replacement affects the thermophysical properties of cement mortar due to its porosity as compared with the control mortar. The results indicate that thermal conductivity and volumetric specific heat increases with temperature increase and/or the substitution rate decrease. Therefore, the addition of waste glass powder can significantly affect the thermophysical properties of ordinary cement mortar.

X‐ray shielding parameters of lanthanum oxide added waste soda‐lime glass

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskender Akkurt ◽  
Kadir Gunoglu ◽  
Recep Kurtuluş ◽  
Taner Kavas
Keyword(s):  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals On-Site Raman Spectroscopic Study of Beads from the Necropolis of Vohemar, Northern Madagascar (>13th C.)

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 524-540
Author(s):  
Philippe Colomban ◽  
Gulsu Simsek Franci ◽  
Farahnaz Koleini
Keyword(s):  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Transition Metal Ions ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Maritime Networks ◽  
Coloring Agents ◽  
The Village

In the late 19th century, ancient tombs were discovered near the village of Vohemar at the northeastern point of Madagascar, and subsequent excavations during the French period (1896–1945) revealed the presence of a major necropolis active from ~13th to 18th centuries. Some artefacts (Chinese ceramic shards and glass trade beads) recovered from these excavations was sent to France and now in part belong to the collection of the Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Nimes. Carnelian and glass trade beads were analyzed with a mobile Raman spectrometer, which identified different materials (soda-lime glass, quartz/moganite, carnelian/citrine, chalcedony) and coloring agents (Naples yellow, cassiterite, amber chromophore, transition metal ions, etc.). The results are compared with those obtained on beads excavated at different sites of Southern Africa and at Mayotte Island, and it appears that (most of) the beads come from southern Asia and Europe. The results confirmed the role that northern Madagascar played within the maritime networks of the Western Indian Ocean during the 15th–16th century.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document