Design and Optimization of a Low Temperature Organic Rankine Cycle and Turbine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Erbas ◽  
Mehmet Alper Sofuoglu ◽  
Atilla Biyikoglu ◽  
Ibrahim Uslan
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
R 134A

In this study, low temperature Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems with single and two-stage turbine are proposed for the production of electricity. The refrigerant R-134a is selected as working fluid based on peak temperature of the cycle for solar and geothermal applications. The design criteria of ORC system is introduced and explained in detail. The radial inflow turbine is selected to satisfy the design requirements. The cycle performance is taken as a key point in the design criteria. The system performance map is constructed based on both velocity triangles and approximate efficiency of turbine. The procedures for turbine and cycle design are introduced in detail. The components of cycle and turbine are modeled using baseline correlations via real gas tables and macros created on Excel for the refrigerant, R134a. Finally, the turbine geometry is optimized to attain maximum turbine efficiency via MATLAB optimization toolbox.

scholarly journals Development of a Pattern Recognition Methodology with Thermography and Implementation in an Experimental Study of a Boiler for a WHRS-ORC

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concepción Paz ◽  
Eduardo Suarez ◽  
Miguel Concheiro ◽  
Antonio Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Wall Temperature ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Working Fluid

Waste heat dissipated in the exhaust system in a combustion engine represents a major source of energy to be recovered and converted into useful work. A waste heat recovery system (WHRS) based on an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising approach, and has gained interest in the last few years in an automotive industry interested in reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Understanding the thermodynamic response of the boiler employed in an ORC plays an important role in steam cycle performance prediction and control system design. The aim of this study is therefore to present a methodology to study these devices by means of pattern recognition with infrared thermography. In addition, the experimental test bench and its operating conditions are described. The methodology proposed identifies the wall coordinates, traces paths, and tracks wall temperature along them in a way that can be exported for subsequent post-processing and analysis. As for the results, through the wall temperature paths on both sides (exhaust gas and working fluid) it was possible to quantitatively estimate the temperature evolution along the boiler and, in particular, the beginning and end of evaporation.

Exergoeconomic comparison and optimization of organic Rankine cycle, trilateral Rankine cycle and transcritical carbon dioxide cycle for heat recovery of low-temperature geothermal water

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (8) ◽  
pp. 1068-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Noroozian ◽  
Abbas Naeimi ◽  
Mokhtar Bidi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Exergetic Efficiency ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Product Cost

Depleting fossil fuel resources and the horrible environmental impacts due to burning fossil fuels emphasize the importance of using renewable energy resources such as geothermal and solar energies. This paper compares performance of CO2 transcritical cycle, organic Rankine cycle, and trilateral Rankine cycle using a low-temperature geothermal heat source. Thermodynamic analysis, exergetic analysis, economic analysis, and exergoeconomic analysis are applied for each of the aforementioned cycles. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed on the system, and the effects of geothermal heat source temperature, evaporator pinch point temperature, and turbine inlet pressure on the cycle's performance are evaluated. Finally, the systems are optimized in order to minimize product cost ratio and maximize exergetic efficiency by using the genetic algorithm. Results indicate that the maximum thermal efficiency is approximately 13.03% which belongs to organic Rankine cycle with R123 as working fluid. CO2 cycle has the maximum exergetic efficiency, equals to 46.13%. The minimum product cost ratio refers to the organic Rankine cycle with R245fa as working fluid. Moreover, sensitivity analysis shows that increasing geothermal heat source temperature results in higher output power, product cost ratio, and exergy destruction ratio in all cycles.

Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Systems With and Without Regeneration and With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahiba Yaïci ◽  
Evgueniy Entchev ◽  
Pouyan Talebizadeh Sardari
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Condensation Temperature ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

Abstract Globally there are several viable sources of renewable, low-temperature heat (below 130°C) particularly solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy generated from industrial wastes. Increased exploitation of these low-temperature options has the definite potential of reducing fossil fuel consumption with its attendant very harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers have universally identified the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) as a practicable and promising system to generate electrical power from renewable sources based on its beneficial use of volatile organic fluids as working fluids (WFs). In recent times, researchers have also shown a preference for/an inclination towards deployment of zeotropic mixtures as ORC WFs because of their capacity to improve thermodynamic performance of ORC systems, a feat enabled by better matches of the temperature profiles of the WF and the heat source/sink. This paper demonstrates both the technical feasibility and the notable advantages of using zeotropic mixtures as WFs through a simulation study of an ORC system. The study examines the thermodynamic performance of ORC systems using zeotropic WF mixtures to generate electricity driven by low-temperature solar heat source for building applications. A thermodynamic model is developed with an ORC system both with and excluding a regenerator. Five zeotropic mixtures with varying compositions of R245fa/propane, R245fa/hexane, R245fa/heptane, pentane/hexane and isopentane/hexane are evaluated and compared to identify the best combinations of WF mixtures that can yield high efficiency in their system cycles. The study also investigates the effects of the volumetric flow ratio, and evaporation and condensation temperature glides on the ORC’s thermodynamic performance. Following a detailed analysis of each mixture, R245fa/propane is selected for parametric study to examine the effects of operating parameters on the system’s efficiency and sustainability index. For zeotropic mixtures, results showed that there is an optimal composition range within which binary mixtures are inclined to perform more efficiently than the component pure fluids. In addition, a significant increase in cycle efficiency can be achieved with a regenerative ORC, with cycle efficiency ranging between 3.1–9.8% and 8.6–17.4% for ORC both without and with regeneration, respectively. Results also showed that exploiting zeotropic mixtures could enlarge the limitation experienced in selecting WFs for low-temperature solar organic Rankine cycles.

Simulation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System Using Turbocharger with Cycle Tempo and Environmentally Friendly Fluid

2013 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruli Nutranta ◽  
Idrus Al Hamid ◽  
Nasruddin ◽  
B. Harinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Geothermal Wells ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Cycle Temperature

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a modified rankine cycle with working fluids, of organic material (Refrigerant). Refrigerant pentane has low boiling point, therefore ORC can be used in power plant which uses low temperature resources, such as solar thermal exhausted gases and geothermal wells. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is used to convert heat energy into mechanical energy or electricity generated by a low temperature of the hot sun. The working fluid used is HCR12, HCR22, HCR134a and Pentane. Simulations performed with an organic Rankine cycle temperature and pressure with cycle tempo program. By programming the simulation cycle tempo and got the result on the maximum power a turbine to the conditions of the working fluid Pentane to the input turbine T = 700C and pressure = 2 bar can generate 2.07 kW. Turbocharger is one of the alternatives in the energy conversion of the energy of motion into electrical energy. Turbocharger rotation will be used to turn a generator and converts the energy of motion into electrical energy.

Thermal Analysis of Heat Recovery Unit to Recover Exhaust Energy for Using in Organic Rankine Cycle

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 781-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman M.I. bin Mamat ◽  
Wan Ahmad Najmi Wan Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Heat Engines ◽  
Exhaust Energy ◽  
R 134A ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Heat engines convert only approximately 20% to 50% of the supplied energy into mechanical work whereas the remaining energy is lost as rejected heat. Although some of the energy lost is intrinsic to the nature of an engine and cannot be fully overcome (such as energy lost due to friction of moving parts), a large amount of energy can potentially be recovered. This paper presents a heat transfer analysis of a WHE for recovering wasted exhaust energy whilst transferring energy to different organic working fluid used in the OrganicRankine Cycle. The types of considered fluids are R-134a, Propane and Ammonia. The results show that the Ammonia has the highesteffectiveness of 0.25. The maximum heat transferrate of 48.5 kW was recovered using the Ammonia at the exhaust gas temperature of 700°C.

scholarly journals Development of a Pattern Recognition Methodology with Thermography and Implementation in an Experimental Study of a Boiler for a WHRS-ORC

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1680
Author(s):  
Concepción Paz ◽  
Eduardo Suárez ◽  
Miguel Concheiro ◽  
Antonio Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Wall Temperature ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Working Fluid

Waste heat dissipated in the exhaust system in a combustion engine represents a major source of energy to be recovered and converted into useful work. A waste heat recovery system (WHRS) based on an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a promising approach, and it gained interest in the last few years in an automotive industry interested in reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Understanding the thermodynamic response of the boiler employed in an ORC plays an important role in steam cycle performance prediction and control system design. The aim of this study is, therefore, to present a methodology to study these devices by means of pattern recognition with infrared thermography. In addition, the experimental test bench and its operating conditions are described. The methodology proposed identifies the wall coordinates, traces the paths, and tracks the wall temperature along them in a way that can be exported for subsequent post-processing and analysis. As for the results, through the wall temperature paths on both sides (exhaust gas and working fluid), it was possible to quantitatively estimate the temperature evolution along the boiler and, in particular, the beginning and end of evaporation.

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