Spatial Frequency Domain Analysis of Heat Transfer in Microelectronic Chips With Applications to Temperature Aware Computing

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keivan Etessam-Yazdani ◽  
Hendrik F. Hamann ◽  
Mehdi Asheghi
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Heat Diffusion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spatial Frequency Domain

In this paper we present a novel analytical approach for obtaining the thermal transfer function of multi-layer chips in the spatial frequency domain. The behavior of the transfer function is used to address a number of key issues such as 1) the appropriate power granularity required for microarchitecture thermal-power analysis, and 2) the impact of packaging and cooling solutions on heat removal from chip hotspots. The merit of the presented method is in 1) simplicity, such that even for rather complicated multi-layer structures the analysis takes only a fraction of a second, and 2) accuracy, because the approach is based on the exact solution of three-dimensional heat diffusion equations.

Spatial frequency domain analysis of a commercially available digital dental detector

Measurement ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 107171
Author(s):  
A. Anastasiou ◽  
F. Papastamati ◽  
A. Bakas ◽  
C. Michail ◽  
V. Koukou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Spatial Frequency Domain

Study on Spatial Frequency Domain Algorithm and White Light Interference System Based on NMM

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 904-910
Author(s):  
Li Jian ◽  
Li Hua Lei ◽  
Dong Sheng Li ◽  
Yun Xia Fu ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
White Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Step Height ◽  
Light Interference ◽  
Interference System ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
White Light Interference ◽  
Spatial Frequency Domain

White light interference technique for topography measurement effectively avoids phase ambiguity in phase-shifting interferometry. The spatial frequency domain algorithm based on scanning white light interference technique has the advantage of insensitivity to noise and higher calculation accuracy compared with other methods. The white light interference sensor is constructed based on nano positioning and nano measuring machine (NMM), the calibrated step height standard of 100±3nm is measured. The spatial frequency domain algorithm is adopted for data processing, the repetitive test result of 97.9nm and standard deviation of 0.48nm are achieved. To verify the measuring ability of complex device, the number ‘242’ on ink box is measured and three-dimensional reconstruction is conducted. The high precision and traceable measurements of micro/nano scale step height standard and complex devices are realized by the white light interference system based on NMM with steady frequency laser interferometer built-in.

scholarly journals A Spatial-Frequency Domain Associated Image-Optimization Method for Illumination-Robust Image Matching

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6489
Author(s):  
Chun Liu ◽  
Shoujun Jia ◽  
Hangbin Wu ◽  
Doudou Zeng ◽  
Fanjin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Image Matching ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Feature Enhancement ◽  
Image Optimization ◽  
Spatial Frequency Domain

Image matching forms an essential means of data association for computer vision, photogrammetry and remote sensing. The quality of image matching is heavily dependent on image details and naturalness. However, complex illuminations, denoting extreme and changing illuminations, are inevitable in real scenarios, and seriously deteriorate image matching performance due to their significant influence on the image naturalness and details. In this paper, a spatial-frequency domain associated image-optimization method, comprising two main models, is specially designed for improving image matching with complex illuminations. First, an adaptive luminance equalization is implemented in the spatial domain to reduce radiometric variations, instead of removing all illumination components. Second, a frequency domain analysis-based feature-enhancement model is proposed to enhance image features while preserving image naturalness and restraining over-enhancement. The proposed method associates the advantages of the spatial and frequency domain analyses to complete illumination equalization, feature enhancement and naturalness preservation, and thus acquiring the optimized images that are robust to the complex illuminations. More importantly, our method is generic and can be embedded in most image-matching schemes to improve image matching. The proposed method was evaluated on two different datasets and compared with four other state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms other methods under complex illuminations, in both matching performances and practical applications such as structure from motion and multi-view stereo.

Spin Spatial Frequency Response of Atomic Magnetometer

2018 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Xiao Yin ◽  
Jing Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vapor Cell ◽  
Spatial Characterization ◽  
Alternative Magnetic Field ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Spatial Frequency Domain

We describe a method for measuring the spin spatial frequency response in a Cs vapor cell by using a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) to modulate the pumping light both spatially and temporally. An equivalent space-alternative magnetic field is created by this way. The pumping light through the Cs vapor cell is measured and analyzed in spatial frequency domain. We obtain the spatial frequency response of the Cs vapor cell from 1.4 cm-1to 364.9 cm-1. The theoretical results of the spatial frequency response according to Fick's second diffusion law agree with the experimental results. This method provides an alternate approach for spatial characterization and three-dimensional imaging of spins.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional phantoms for curvature correction in spatial frequency domain imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu T. A. Nguyen ◽  
Hanh N. D. Le ◽  
Minh Vo ◽  
Zhaoyang Wang ◽  
Long Luu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Curvature Correction ◽  
Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging ◽  
Spatial Frequency Domain

Density-based discrimination of protein and RNA in the ribosome

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 464-465
Author(s):  
Joachim Frank
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wiener Filter ◽  
Dark Field Image ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Pass Filter

Cryo-electron microscopy combined with single-particle reconstruction techniques has allowed us to form a three-dimensional image of the Escherichia coli ribosome.In the interior, we observe strong density variations which may be attributed to the difference in scattering density between ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein. This identification can only be tentative, and lacks quantitation at this stage, because of the nature of image formation by bright field phase contrast. Apart from limiting the resolution, the contrast transfer function acts as a high-pass filter which produces edge enhancement effects that can explain at least part of the observed variations. As a step toward a more quantitative analysis, it is necessary to correct the transfer function in the low-spatial-frequency range. Unfortunately, it is in that range where Fourier components unrelated to elastic bright-field imaging are found, and a Wiener-filter type restoration would lead to incorrect results. Depending upon the thickness of the ice layer, a varying contribution to the Fourier components in the low-spatial-frequency range originates from an “inelastic dark field” image. The only prospect to obtain quantitatively interpretable images (i.e., which would allow discrimination between rRNA and protein by application of a density threshold set to the average RNA scattering density may therefore lie in the use of energy-filtering microscopes.

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