Evaluation of Laboratory and Field Experimentation Characterizing Concrete Crosstie Rail Seat Load Distributions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Greve ◽  
Marcus S. Dersch ◽  
J. Riley Edwards ◽  
Christopher P. L. Barkan
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Load Distributions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Heavy Haul ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
The University

As higher demands are placed on North American railroad infrastructure by heavy haul traffic, it is increasingly important to understand the factors affecting the magnitude and distribution of load imparted to concrete crosstie rail seats. The rail seat load distribution is critical to the analysis of failure mechanisms associated with rail seat deterioration (RSD), the degradation of the concrete surface at the crosstie rail seat. RSD can lead to wide gauge, cant deficiency, and an increased risk of rail rollover, and is therefore of primary concern to Class I Freight Railroads in North America. Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) have successfully characterized the loading environment at the rail seat using matrix-based tactile surface sensors (MBTSS). Previous research has proven the feasibility of using MBTSS in both laboratory and field applications, and recent field experimentation has yielded several hypotheses concerning the effect of fastening system wear on the rail seat load distribution. This paper will focus on the analysis of data gathered from laboratory experimentation with MBTSS to evaluate these hypotheses, and will propose a metric for crosstie and fastening system design which considers the uniformity of the load distribution. The knowledge gained from this experimentation will be integrated with associated research conducted at UIUC to form the framework for a mechanistic design approach for concrete crossties and fastening systems.

Analysis of the Relationship Between Rail Seat Load Distribution and Rail Seat Deterioration in Concrete Crossties

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Greve ◽  
Marcus S. Dersch ◽  
J. Riley Edwards ◽  
Christopher P. L. Barkan ◽  
Jose Mediavilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Abrasive Erosion ◽  
Field Experimentation

One of the most common failure modes of concrete crossties in North America is the degradation of the concrete surface at the crosstie rail seat, also known as rail seat deterioration (RSD). Loss of material beneath the rail can lead to wide gauge, rail cant deficiency, and an increased risk of rail rollover. Previous research conducted at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) has identified five primary failure mechanisms: abrasion, crushing, freeze-thaw damage, hydro-abrasive erosion, and hydraulic pressure cracking. The magnitude and distribution of load applied to the rail seat affects four of these five mechanisms; therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics of the rail seat load distribution to effectively address RSD. As part of a larger study funded by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) aimed at improving concrete crossties and fastening systems, researchers at UIUC are attempting to characterize the loading environment at the rail seat using matrix-based tactile surface sensors (MBTSS). This instrumentation technology has been implemented in both laboratory and field experimentation, and has provided valuable insight into the distribution of a single load over consecutive crossties. A review of past research into RSD characteristics and failure mechanisms has been conducted to integrate data from field experimentation with existing knowledge, to further explore the role of the rail seat load distribution on RSD. The knowledge gained from this experimentation will be integrated with associated research conducted at UIUC to form the framework for a mechanistic design approach for concrete crossties and fastening systems.

Factors Affecting Computer-Mediated Instruction in Medical Education

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The University

Abstract:Although computer technology has progressed rapidly in the last decade, the use of computer mediated instruction as an adjunct to medical education has made only limited progress. This paper will attempt to analyze some of the major factors bearing on this limitation, will review those areas where computer based´instruction is potentially of greatest use, and will suggest means by which medical education can make greater use of the rapidly evolving information technologies. The Medical PLATO project at the University of Illinois will be used as an example to illustrate many of the points relating to the development of this field.

scholarly journals Cancer Incidence in Sickle Cell Disease:an Institutional Experience

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1087-1087
Author(s):  
Shivi Jain ◽  
Andrew Srisuwananukorn ◽  
Santosh L. Saraf ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Control Cohort ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Incidence Of Cancer ◽  
Solid Malignancies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background. The incidence of cancer in sickle cell disease (SCD) is of substantial interest since life expectancy of SCD patients has improved with 85-94%SCD patients surviving to adulthood1and the risk of cancer increases with advancing age. A limited number of case reports and surveys have suggested an increased risk of cancer in the SCD population. Two large population based studies have recently examined the incidence of cancer in the SCD population. Goldacre et al. reported an increased incidence of hematologic cancers and some solid tumors among 7512 SCD patients in England compared with patients hospitalized for minor medical and surgical conditions2. Wun et al. reported that compared to the general population, SCD patients had a 72% increased risk of hematologic malignancies and a 38% reduced risk of solid tumors3 Methods. We studied the incidence of cancer in SCD at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) in a retrospective cohort study that identified SCD patients and cancer cases using ICD-9-CM codes. The study included SCD patients, all ages, seen at UIC between September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2015. An age, gender, race and ethnicity matched non-SCD cohort was selected from the general population of UIC patients from the same time frame. The incidence of cancer was compared between the SCD and non-SCD UIC patient cohorts. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. The data was provided by the University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System Clinical Research Data Warehouse and stored in secure Redcap database. Results. There were 1327 patients in the SCD cohort, 41.8% males and 58.1% females. The breakdown by ethnicity was 94.8% African Americans (AA), 4.8 % other and 0.38% white patients as shown in Fig.1. There were 23 cancer cases identified in the SCD cohort (1.25%). The electronic medical records of all these cancers cases were reviewed to verify the cancer diagnosis. Amongst the cancer cases identified in SCD cohort there were 5 patients (22.7%) on hydroxyurea (HU) and 17 (77.3%) were not on HU. There were 8 (34.8%) hematological and 15 (65.2%) solid malignancies in the SCD Cohort as shown in Table1.There were 5295 patients in the control cohort, with breakdown by gender and race was identical to the SCD cohort. There were 87 cancer cases identified in this cohort (1.6%). There were 12 (13.8%) hematologic and 48 (55.2%) solid malignancies of the total cancers in control cohort. Fischer exact test was used to compare the cancer incidence in the SCD and control cohorts. Our study did not show statistically significant differences between the SCD and control cohorts for the incidence of total cancers (p=0.81) and solid tumors (p=0.87). There was increased incidence of AML and total hematological malignancies in SCD cohort and the difference was statistically different between SCD and control cohort (p=0.04) as shown in Table 2. Discussion. To the best of our knowledge this is the only study where instead of relying on the registry and billing codes the SCD and cancer diagnosis was manually verified in the SCD cohort to maximally eliminate any inaccuracies in estimation of incidence. Goldacre et al. used hospitalization data in England and reported a threefold to 10-fold higher incidence of hematologic cancers among SCD patients and an increased risk for colon cancer, nonmelanoma skin cancer, kidney cancer, and thyroid cancer. Wun et al. reported increased risk of leukemia and low risk of solid cancers based on hospital admission and emergency department (ED) data, so healthier SCD patients, particularly children, may have been excluded. Our study data is not limited to inpatient and ED department and includes patients of all ages. Our study shows that overall the cancer rates of those with sickle cell disease are not significantly different from the general population. There is increased incidence of hematological malignancies but the sample size is small. Nevertheless, due to treatment advances including hematopoietic stem cell transplant, increased awareness and better access to health care patients with SCD are living longer and there is a need to screen SCD patients for cancer just as vigilantly as for non-SCD patients. Reference.Maitra P,Ataga KI, Hematologica 102(4):626-636.(apr 2017)Olena O Seminog, Michael J Goldacre, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine; 2016, Vol. 109(8) 303-309Ann Brunson,Ted Wun,Blood Volume 130 Number 13(September 2017) Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Community Wound Care Program Within a Syringe Exchange Program: Chicago, 2018–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 1211-1213
Author(s):  
Michael Huyck ◽  
Stockton Mayer ◽  
Sarah Messmer ◽  
Charles Yingling
Keyword(s):  
Wound Care ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Syringe Exchange ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Syringe Exchange Program ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nursing College ◽  
College Of Nursing ◽  
The University

People who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk for developing wounds in addition to skin and soft tissue infections. The University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing, College of Medicine, and School of Public Health collaborated to establish a medical clinic serving PWID attending a Chicago syringe exchange program. A wound care program was implemented to improve clinicians’ competence. During October 2018 to August 2019, 24% of all encounters were related to wound complaints.

Report on the African Research Committee Conference on the African Iron Age

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Frank Willett ◽  
Brian M. Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
West African ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Northwestern University ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
African Iron Age ◽  
The University ◽  
And Training

This conference was held at the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, December 8 to 10, 1966, under the cochairmanship of Professor Frank Willett (Northwestern University) and Dr. Brian M. Fagan (University of Illinois). Thirteen persons in some way associated with Iron Age archaeology were official participants, and there were six observers who also contributed to the discussions. The names of these participants are listed at the end of this article. Their primary concern was with the archaeology of Africa since the origins of food production, with special reference to the Iron Age. As a guideline the participants were given brief reports on four recent conferences which had touched on the problems of African Iron Age archaeology. Terminology and research needs, primarily for the Stone Age, were topics at the Wenner Gren Symposium on the African Quaternary held at Burg Wartenstein, Austria, in July, 1965. The results of this symposium were reviewed at the meeting of West African archaeologists in Sierra Leone during June, 1966. This meeting also expressed concern at the shortage of manpower and resources in West African archaeology, especially in the French-speaking territories, and training facilities and other terminological problems were also discussed. The difficulties of communication and training, especially in related disciplines, were discussed by a group attending an ARC meeting on the African Arts in March, 1966.

Five Decades of Research Experience in Speech Anatomy and Physiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
Ohio State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
University Of Iowa ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Speech Science ◽  
The University ◽  
East Carolina University

This report highlights some of the major developments in the area of speech anatomy and physiology drawing from the author's own research experience during his years at the University of Iowa and the University of Illinois. He has benefited greatly from mentors including Professors James Curtis, Kenneth Moll, and Hughlett Morris at the University of Iowa and Professor Paul Lauterbur at the University of Illinois. Many colleagues have contributed to the author's work, especially Professors Jerald Moon at the University of Iowa, Bradley Sutton at the University of Illinois, Jamie Perry at East Carolina University, and Youkyung Bae at the Ohio State University. The strength of these researchers and their students bodes well for future advances in knowledge in this important area of speech science.

University Geographies and Folk Music Landscapes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Distant Object ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Liberal Politics ◽  
Cultural Form ◽  
The University

By examining folk music activities connecting students and local musicians during the early 1960s at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, this article demonstrates how university geographies and musical landscapes influence musical activities in college towns. The geography of the University of Illinois, a rural Midwestern location with a mostly urban, middle-class student population, created an unusual combination of privileged students in a primarily working-class area. This combination of geography and landscape framed interactions between students and local musicians in Urbana-Champaign, stimulating and complicating the traversal of sociocultural differences through traditional music. Members of the University of Illinois Campus Folksong Club considered traditional music as a high cultural form distinct from mass-culture artists, aligning their interests with then-dominant scholarly approaches in folklore and film studies departments. Yet students also interrogated the impropriety of folksong presentation on campus, and community folksingers projected their own discomfort with students’ liberal politics. In hosting concerts by rural musicians such as Frank Proffitt and producing a record of local Urbana-Champaign folksingers called Green Fields of Illinois (1963), the folksong club attempted to suture these differences by highlighting the aesthetic, domestic, historical, and educational aspects of local folk music, while avoiding contemporary socioeconomic, commercial, and political concerns. This depoliticized conception of folk music bridged students and local folksingers, but also represented local music via a nineteenth-century rural landscape that converted contemporaneous lived practice into a temporally distant object of aesthetic study. Students’ study of folk music thus reinforced the power structures of university culture—but engaging local folksinging as an educational subject remained for them the most ethical solution for questioning, and potentially traversing, larger problems of inequality and difference.

The Early Years of the Jewish Presence at the University of Illinois

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-245
Author(s):  
Winton U. Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Characteristic Form ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
American Higher Education ◽  
Jewish Students ◽  
The University ◽  
The Church

For over two centuries, the College was the characteristic form of higher education in the United States, and the College was closely allied to the church in a predominantly Protestant land. The university became the characteristic form of American higher education starting in the late nineteenth Century, and universities long continued to reflect the nation's Protestant culture. By about 1900, however, Catholics and Jews began to enter universities in increasing numbers. What was the experience of Jewish students in these institutions, and how did authorities respond to their appearance? These questions will be addressed in this article by focusing on the Jewish presence at the University of Illinois in the early twentieth Century. Religion, like a red thread, is interwoven throughout the entire fabric of this story.

Structural Model of Service Quality Factors Affecting Loyalty Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Al-erqi ◽  
◽  
Mohd Lizam Mohd Diah ◽  
Najmaddin Abo Mosali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This study seeks to address the impact of service quality affecting international student's satisfaction towards loyalty tothe Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM). The aim of thestudy is to develop relationship between service quality factor and loyalty to the university from the international students’ perspectives. The study adopted quantitative approach where data was collected through questionnaire survey and analysed statistically. A total of 246 responses were received and found to be valid. The model was developed and analysed using AMOS-SEM software. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) function of the software was to assessed the measurement models and found that all the models achieved goodness of fit. Then path analysis function was used to assessed structural model and found that service qualityfactors have a significant effect on the students’ satisfaction and thus affecting the loyaltyto the university. Hopefully the outcome form this study will benefit the university in providing services especially to the international students.

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