Influence of Interleukin Treatment on Engineered and Native Articular Cartilage

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric G. Lima ◽  
Liming Bian ◽  
Francis B. Gonzales ◽  
Gerard A. Ateshian ◽  
Clark T. Hung
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Repair Tissue ◽  
Native Cartilage ◽  
Diarthrodial Joint ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules ◽  
Engineered Cartilage

Injury to the diarthrodial joint is often associated with elevated levels of cytokines and other inflammatory molecules. While the influence of interleukin on articular cartilage has been well-studied, its effects on engineered cartilage are not. The presence of inflammatory factors in the injured joint would be expected to affect the performance of implanted engineered cartilage repair tissue [1] and this effect may be especially pronounced in underdeveloped tissues [2]. The current study addresses this issue by examining the influence of interleukin (IL-1α and IL-1β) on engineered cartilage mechanical and biochemical properties at sequential stages of development. Furthermore, dexamethasone, an anti-inflammatory steroid that has been shown in some cases to suppress interleukin-induced degradation of native cartilage [3], was examined in the context of engineered constructs.

scholarly journals Stem Cells and Gene Therapy for Cartilage Repair

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umile Giuseppe Longo ◽  
Stefano Petrillo ◽  
Edoardo Franceschetti ◽  
Alessandra Berton ◽  
Nicola Maffulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Type I ◽  
Repair Tissue

Cartilage defects represent a common problem in orthopaedic practice. Predisposing factors include traumas, inflammatory conditions, and biomechanics alterations. Conservative management of cartilage defects often fails, and patients with this lesions may need surgical intervention. Several treatment strategies have been proposed, although only surgery has been proved to be predictably effective. Usually, in focal cartilage defects without a stable fibrocartilaginous repair tissue formed, surgeons try to promote a natural fibrocartilaginous response by using marrow stimulating techniques, such as microfracture, abrasion arthroplasty, and Pridie drilling, with the aim of reducing swelling and pain and improving joint function of the patients. These procedures have demonstrated to be clinically useful and are usually considered as first-line treatment for focal cartilage defects. However, fibrocartilage presents inferior mechanical and biochemical properties compared to normal hyaline articular cartilage, characterized by poor organization, significant amounts of collagen type I, and an increased susceptibility to injury, which ultimately leads to premature osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, the aim of future therapeutic strategies for articular cartilage regeneration is to obtain a hyaline-like cartilage repair tissue by transplantation of tissues or cells. Further studies are required to clarify the role of gene therapy and mesenchimal stem cells for management of cartilage lesions.

scholarly journals Microfracture Versus Drilling of Articular Cartilage Defects: A Systematic Review of the Basic Science Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 232596712094531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Kraeutler ◽  
Gianna M. Aliberti ◽  
Anthony J. Scillia ◽  
Eric C. McCarty ◽  
Mary K. Mulcahey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Repair Tissue ◽  
Marrow Stimulation

Background: Microfracture (MFx) is one of the most common techniques used for the treatment of articular cartilage defects, although recently there has been a trend toward the use of drilling rather than MFx for the treatment of these defects. Purpose: To perform a systematic review of basic science studies to determine the effect of microfracture versus drilling for articular cartilage repair. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic review was performed by searching PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE to identify basic science studies comparing outcomes of MFx versus drilling. The search phrase used was microfracture AND (drilling OR microdrilling). Inclusion criteria were basic science studies that directly compared the effect of MFx versus drilling on subchondral bone, bone marrow stimulation, and cartilage regeneration. Results: A total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Of these, 4 studies were performed in rabbits, 1 study in sheep, and 2 studies in humans. All of the included studies investigated cartilage repair in the knee. In the animal studies, microfracture produced fractured and compacted bone and led to increased osteocyte necrosis compared with drilling. Deep drilling (6 mm) was superior to both shallow drilling (2 mm) and MFx in terms of increased subchondral hematoma with greater access to marrow stroma, improved cartilage repair, and increased mineralized bone. However, the overall quality of cartilage repair tissue was poor regardless of marrow stimulation technique. In 2 studies that investigated repair tissue after MFx and/or drilling in human patients with osteoarthritis and cartilage defects, the investigators found that cartilage repair tissue did not achieve the quality of normal hyaline articular cartilage. Conclusion: In the limited basic science studies that are available, deep drilling of cartilage defects in the knee resulted in improved biological features compared with MFx, including less damage to the subchondral bone and greater access to marrow stroma. Regardless of marrow stimulation technique, the overall quality of cartilage regeneration was poor and did not achieve the characteristics of native hyaline cartilage. Overall, there is a general lack of basic science literature comparing microfracture versus drilling for focal chondral defects.

Agarose Concentration and TGF-B3 Supplementation Influence Matrix Deposition in Engineered Cartilage Constructs

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Kock ◽  
Corrinus C. van Donkelaar ◽  
Keita Ito
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Influence Matrix ◽  
Matrix Deposition ◽  
Engineer Cartilage ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Proteoglycan Content ◽  
Tissue Engineer Cartilage ◽  
Engineered Cartilage

High prevalence of osteoarthritis and poor intrinsic healing capacity of articular cartilage create a demand for cell-based strategies for cartilage repair. It is possible to tissue engineer cartilage with almost native proteoglycan content, but collagen reaches only 15% to 35% of the native content. Also its natural structural organization is not reproduced. These drawbacks contribute to its insufficient load-bearing properties.

Dynamic Compression Stimulates the Development of Equilibrium Aggregate Modulus in Tissue Engineered Cartilage Constructs

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Mauck ◽  
Glyn D. Palmer ◽  
Christopher C.-B. Wang ◽  
Michael A. Soltz ◽  
Wilmot B. Valhmu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Functional Material ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Tissue Constructs ◽  
Free Swelling ◽  
Engineered Cartilage

Abstract A major challenge facing the tissue engineering of articular cartilage is the ability to grow tissue constructs that have the proper mechanical and biochemical properties that permit cartilage to serve its load-bearing function. This study tested the hypothesis that physiologic deformational loading enhances the formation of functional material properties in cell-seeded agarose constructs (versus free-swelling constructs).

Strong hyaluronan expression in the full-thickness rat articular cartilage repair tissue

2001 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirkko E. Lammi ◽  
Mikko J. Lammi ◽  
Raija H. Tammi ◽  
Heikki J. Helminen ◽  
M. Margarida Espanha
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Articular Cartilage Repair ◽  
Repair Tissue
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