An In-Vitro Investigation of Sliding Friction Between Biomaterials for Cartilage Substitution and Articular Cartilage

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Northwood ◽  
R. Kowalski ◽  
J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Simple Geometry ◽  
In Vitro Investigation

Understanding friction and wear of biomaterials when in contact with articular cartilage is vital within the development of future hemi-arthroplasty and cartilage substitution. This study aimed to compare the frictional properties of single phase and biphasic polymeric materials against articular cartilage. Continuous sliding friction was applied by means of a simple geometry wear simulator. The single-phase polymers produced peak frictional values of 0.37(±0.02). The biphasic hydrogel produced a peak frictional coefficient of 0.17(±0.05). It is postulated that this reduction in friction can be attributed to its biphasic properties, which instigates the fluid phase load carriage within the articular cartilage/hydrogel interface to be maintained for longer, reducing the frictional coefficient. This study illustrates the importance of biphasic properties within the tribology of future cartilage substitution materials.

scholarly journals Modelling cartilage mechanobiology

2003 ◽  
Vol 358 (1437) ◽  
pp. 1461-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Carter ◽  
Marcy Wong
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Tissue Mechanics ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Skeletal Morphology

The growth, maintenance and ossification of cartilage are fundamental to skeletal development and are regulated throughout life by the mechanical cues that are imposed by physical activities. Finite element computer analyses have been used to study the role of local tissue mechanics on endochondral ossification patterns, skeletal morphology and articular cartilage thickness distributions. Using single–phase continuum material representations of cartilage, the results have indicated that local intermittent hydrostatic pressure promotes cartilage maintenance. Cyclic tensile strains (or shear), however, promote cartilage growth and ossification. Because single–phase material models cannot capture fluid exudation in articular cartilage, poroelastic (or biphasic) solid/fluid models are often implemented to study joint mechanics. In the middle and deep layers of articular cartilage where poroelastic analyses predict little fluid exudation, the cartilage phenotype is maintained by cyclic fluid pressure (consistent with the single–phase theory). In superficial articular layers the chondrocytes are exposed to tangential tensile strain in addition to the high fluid pressure. Furthermore, there is fluid exudation and matrix consolidation, leading to cell ‘flattening’. As a result, the superficial layer assumes an altered, more fibrous phenotype. These computer model predictions of cartilage mechanobiology are consistent with results of in vitro cell and tissue and molecular biology experiments.

scholarly journals In Vitro Investigation of Wear of CAD/CAM Polymeric Materials Against Primary Teeth

Materials ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Won Choi ◽  
Eun-Ju Song ◽  
Jong-Hyun Shin ◽  
Tae-Sung Jeong ◽  
Jung-Bo Huh
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Cad Cam

The Frictional Coefficient of Bovine Articular Cartilage Correlates With Interstitial Fluid Load Support in Creep

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramaswamy Krishnan ◽  
Gerard A. Ateshian
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Bovine Articular Cartilage ◽  
Fluid Load

Articular cartilage functions as the bearing material in joints and provides low friction and wear over a lifetime. The cartilage lubrication mechanism has not yet been fully characterized though several theories have been proposed. In previous studies [1–3] it was hypothesized that interstitial fluid load support contributes significantly to the reduction of the frictional coefficient due to load transfer from the solid to the fluid phase of the tissue. This study provides experimental verification for a theoretical model based on this hypothesis [1,4]. The specific aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the correlation between the frictional response of bovine articular cartilage, and its interstitial fluid load support during sliding against glass under a constant load.

In vitro investigation of Varizella zoster virus as an oncolytic virus in glioblastoma therapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Leske ◽  
A Baiker ◽  
C Schichor ◽  
J.C Tonn ◽  
R Goldbrunner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oncolytic Virus ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
Varizella Zoster Virus
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