Image processing for three-dimensional scans generated by time-of-flight range cameras

Any real world object is three-dimensional. The principle of tomography, which reconstructs the 3-D structure of an object from its 2-D projections of different view angles has found application in many disciplines. Electron Microscopic (EM) tomography on non-ordered structures (e.g., subcellular structures in biology and non-crystalline structures in material science) has been exercised sporadically in the last twenty years or so. As vital as is the 3-D structural information and with no existing alternative 3-D imaging technique to compete in its high resolution range, the technique to date remains the kingdom of a brave few. Its tedious tasks have been preventing it from being a routine tool. One keyword in promoting its popularity is automation: The data collection has been automated in our lab, which can routinely yield a data set of over 100 projections in the matter of a few hours. Now the image processing part is also automated. Such automations finish the job easier, faster and better.

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Three-Dimensional Structure of Rotavirus-Fab Complex

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100179944 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 238-239

Author(s):

B.V.V. Prasad ◽

E. Marietta ◽

J.W. Burns ◽

M.K. Estes ◽

W. Chiu

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Smooth Surface ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Outer Shell ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Structural Studies ◽

Cell Penetration ◽

Electron Cryomicroscopy ◽

Image Processing Techniques ◽

Processing Techniques

Rotaviruses are spherical, double-shelled particles. They have been identified as a major cause of infantile gastroenteritis worldwide. In our earlier studies we determined the three-dimensional structures of double-and single-shelled simian rotavirus embedded in vitreous ice using electron cryomicroscopy and image processing techniques to a resolution of 40Å. A distinctive feature of the rotavirus structure is the presence of 132 large channels spanning across both the shells at all 5- and 6-coordinated positions of a T=13ℓ icosahedral lattice. The outer shell has 60 spikes emanating from its relatively smooth surface. The inner shell, in contrast, exhibits a bristly surface made of 260 morphological units at all local and strict 3-fold axes (Fig.l).The outer shell of rotavirus is made up of two proteins, VP4 and VP7. VP7, a glycoprotein and a neutralization antigen, is the major component. VP4 has been implicated in several important functions such as cell penetration, hemagglutination, neutralization and virulence. From our earlier studies we had proposed that the spikes correspond to VP4 and the rest of the surface is composed of VP7. Our recent structural studies, using the same techniques, with monoclonal antibodies specific to VP4 have established that surface spikes are made up of VP4.

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Shifting perspectives: method, media and the complex image

History and Computing ◽

10.3366/hac.1998.10.1-3.100 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 10 (1-3) ◽

pp. 100-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alicia Colson ◽

Ross Parry

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Dimensional Approach ◽

Complex Image ◽

Cultural Resonance

This article argues that the analysis of a threedimensional image demanded a three-dimensional approach. The authors realise that discussions of images and image processing inveterately conceptualise representation as being flat, static, and finite. The authors recognise the need for a fresh acuteness to three-dimensionality as a meaningful – although problematic – element of visual sources. Two dramatically different examples are used to expose the shortcomings of an ingrained two-dimensional approach and to facilitate a demonstration of how modern (digital) techniques could sanction new historical/anthropological perspectives on subjects that have become all too familiar. Each example could not be more different in their temporal and geographical location, their cultural resonance, and their historiography. However, in both these visual spectacles meaning is polysemic. It is dependent upon the viewer's spatial relationship to the artifice as well as the spirito-intellectual viewer within the community. The authors postulate that the multi- faceted and multi-layered arrangement of meaning in a complex image could be assessed by working beyond the limitations of the two-dimensional methodological paradigm and by using methods and media that accommodated this type of interconnectivity and representation.

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Crosstalk Minimization Method for Eye-tracking-based 3D Display

Journal of Imaging Science and Technology ◽

10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.2020.64.6.060407 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Seok Lee ◽

Juyong Park ◽

Dongkyung Nam

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Eye Tracking ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Processing Method ◽

Eye Position ◽

Relative Location ◽

3D Display ◽

Minimization Method ◽

3D Crosstalk ◽

Pixel Value

In this article, the authors present an image processing method to reduce three-dimensional (3D) crosstalk for eye-tracking-based 3D display. Specifically, they considered 3D pixel crosstalk and offset crosstalk and applied different approaches based on its characteristics. For 3D pixel crosstalk which depends on the viewer’s relative location, they proposed output pixel value weighting scheme based on viewer’s eye position, and for offset crosstalk they subtracted luminance of crosstalk components according to the measured display crosstalk level in advance. By simulations and experiments using the 3D display prototypes, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of proposed method.

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Proximity of the middle meningeal artery and maxillary artery to the mandibular head and mandibular neck as revealed by three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1007/s10006-021-00960-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daphne Schönegg ◽

Raphael Ferrari ◽

Julian Ebner ◽

Michael Blumer ◽

Martin Lanzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Time Of Flight ◽

Middle Meningeal Artery ◽

Individual Variability ◽

Maxillary Artery ◽

Condylar Process ◽

The Mean ◽

Meningeal Artery

Abstract Purpose The close topographic relationship between vascular and osseous structures in the condylar and subcondylar region and marked variability in the arterial course has been revealed by both imaging and cadaveric studies. This study aimed to verify the previously published information in a large sample and to determine a safe surgical region. Methods We analyzed the three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography images of 300 individuals. Results The mean distance between the middle meningeal artery and the apex of the condyle or the most medial point of the condyle was 18.8 mm (range: 11.2–25.9 mm) or 14.5 mm (range: 8.8–22.9 mm) respectively. The course of the maxillary artery relative to the lateral pterygoid muscle was medial in 45.7% of cases and lateral in 54.3%. An asymmetric course was evident in 66 patients (22%). The mean distance between the maxillary artery and condylar process at the deepest point of the mandibular notch was 6.2 mm in sides exhibiting a medial course (range: 3.7–9.8 mm) and 6.6 mm in sides exhibiting a lateral course (range: 3.9–10.4 mm). The distances were significantly influenced by age, gender, and the course of the maxillary artery. Conclusion Our study emphasizes the marked inter- and intra-individual variability of the maxillary and middle meningeal arterial courses. We confirmed the proximity of the arteries to the condylar process. Extensive surgical experience and thorough preparation for each individual case are essential to prevent iatrogenic vascular injury.

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3D-Volume Rendering of the Pelvis with Emphasis on Paraurethral Structures Based on MRI Scans and Comparisons between 3D Slicer and OsiriX®

Journal of Medical Systems ◽

10.1007/s10916-020-01695-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

Author(s):

C. M. Durnea ◽

S. Siddiqi ◽

D. Nazarian ◽

G. Munneke ◽

P. M. Sedgwick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Clinical Role ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

3D Slicer ◽

Mri Scans ◽

3D Volume ◽

Good Agreement

AbstractThe feasibility of rendering three dimensional (3D) pelvic models of vaginal, urethral and paraurethral lesions from 2D MRI has been demonstrated previously. To quantitatively compare 3D models using two different image processing applications: 3D Slicer and OsiriX. Secondary analysis and processing of five MRI scan based image sets from female patients aged 29–43 years old with vaginal or paraurethral lesions. Cross sectional image sets were used to create 3D models of the pelvic structures with 3D Slicer and OsiriX image processing applications. The linear dimensions of the models created using the two different methods were compared using Bland-Altman plots. The comparisons demonstrated good agreement between measurements from the two applications. The two data sets obtained from different image processing methods demonstrated good agreement. Both 3D Slicer and OsiriX can be used interchangeably and produce almost similar results. The clinical role of this investigation modality remains to be further evaluated.

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The Study of Three-Dimensional Fingerprint Recognition in Cultural Heritage

Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage ◽

10.1145/3461341 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Dzemila Sero ◽

Isabelle Garachon ◽

Erma Hermens ◽

Robert Van Liere ◽

Kees Joost Batenburg

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Cultural Heritage ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fingerprint Recognition ◽

Person Identification ◽

Imaging Technologies ◽

The Past ◽

Reconstruction Methods ◽

Cultural Systems ◽

Digital Fingerprint

Fingerprints play a central role in any field where person identification is required. In forensics and biometrics, three-dimensional fingerprint-based imaging technologies, and corresponding recognition methods, have been vastly investigated. In cultural heritage, preliminary studies provide evidence that the three-dimensional impressions left on objects from the past (ancient fingerprints) are of paramount relevance to understand the socio-cultural systems of former societies, to possibly identify a single producer of multiple potteries, and to authenticate the artist of a sculpture. These findings suggest that the study of ancient fingerprints can be further investigated and open new avenues of research. However, the potential for capturing and analyzing ancient fingerprints is still largely unexplored in the context of cultural heritage research. In fact, most of the existing studies have focused on plane fingerprint representations and commercial software for image processing. Our aim is to outline the opportunities and challenges of digital fingerprint recognition in answering a range of questions in cultural heritage research. Therefore, we summarize the fingerprint-based imaging technologies, reconstruction methods, and analyses used in biometrics that could be beneficial to the study of ancient fingerprints in cultural heritage. In addition, we analyze the works conducted on ancient fingerprints from potteries and ceramic/fired clay sculptures. We conclude with a discussion on the open challenges and future works that could initiate novel strategies for ancient fingerprint acquisition, digitization, and processing within the cultural heritage community.

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