TU-A-217BCD-02: The Role of Physics in CT Protocol Optimization Over the Range of CT Scanner Types: Recommendations and Misconceptions

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (6Part22) ◽  
pp. 3884-3884
Author(s):  
F Ranallo
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Protocol Optimization ◽  
Ct Protocol

scholarly journals Optimization of head computed tomography scan in a tertiary institution in Edo State, South-South Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Chikezie Chukwuemeka Udo ◽  
Akintayo Daniel Omojola ◽  
Chukwuemeka Christian Nzotta
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Volume Computed Tomography ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Ct Protocol ◽  
Tube Current ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Computed Tomography Dose Index

Objective: The study is aimed at optimizing the existing CT protocol for head scans in a Specialist Teaching Hospital in Edo State with a 16-slice Siemens Somatom Emotion scanner. Also, the study determined the volume computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and Dose Length Product (DLP) from the patient's dose profiles. The results from this study were compared with relevant studies. Materials and Methods: The scanner was used to acquire head CT of 160 patients retrospectively. Also, a locally designed head phantom was used to simulate individual patients using a similar protocol by changing the tube current (mA) and total scan width (TSW) only from the existing protocol. Results: Percentage dose reduction (PDR) for the CTDIvol and DLP ranged 42.00-46.80% and 37.13-43.54% respectively. The optimized CTDIvol and DLP were lowest compared to studies in the United Kingdom (UK), Italy, India, Ireland, Sudan, Nigeria, European Commission (EC), United States of America (USA) and Japan. Only the DLP for India was lower than our optimized value. Conclusion: The need to understudy CT configuration is necessary, this will allow end-users to optimize certain parameters in the CT scanner, which will reduce the patient dose without compromising image quality

Improvement of image quality and diagnostic confidence using Smart MAR – a projection-based CT protocol in patients with orthopedic metallic implants in hip, spine, and shoulder

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1421-1430
Author(s):  
Felix W Feldhaus ◽  
Georg Böning ◽  
Johannes Kahn ◽  
Uli Fehrenbach ◽  
Martin Maurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Multislice Ct ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Diagnostic Confidence ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Ct Protocol

Background In computed tomography (CT) scans, artifacts caused by metallic orthopedic implants still hamper the visualization of important, periprosthetic tissues. Smart MAR metal artifact reduction tool is a promising three-stage, projection-based, post-processing algorithm. Purpose To determine whether the Smart MAR tool improves subjective and objective image quality and diagnostic confidence in patients with orthopedic implants of the hip, spine, and shoulder. Material and Methods Seventy-two patients with orthopedic screws, hip/shoulder replacement, or spine spondylodesis were included. CT scans were performed on a single-source multislice CT scanner, raw data were post-processed using Smart MAR. Image quality was evaluated both quantitatively (ROI-based) and qualitatively (rater-based) and compared to iterative reconstructions (ASIR V). As comparative standard for artificial prosthetic breaks or loosening, follow-up examinations were used. Results Smart MAR reconstructions of the hip (n = 23), spine (n = 26), and shoulder (n = 23) showed a significantly reduced attenuation and noise of regions adjacent to metallic implants ( P<0.002). Subjective image quality ( P<0.005, shoulder P = 0.038/ P = 0.046) and overall diagnostic confidence were higher in Smart MAR (all regions P<0.002). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR; P = 0.72/ P = 0.96) was not improved. Compared to standard ASIR V new, artificial metal extinctions (up to 50%) or periprosthetic hem lines (48%–73%) were introduced by Smart MAR. Conclusion Smart MAR improved image quality of the hip, spine, and shoulder CT scans resulting in higher diagnostic confidence in evaluation of periprosthetic soft tissues. As shown for spine implants, it should be used with caution and as a complementary tool for evaluation of periprosthetic loosening or integrity of metal implant, as in many cases it introduced new artifacts.

Intracerebellar Hemorrhage in a Premature Newborn: Diagnosis by Real-Time Ultrasound and Correlation with Autopsy Findings

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Perlman ◽  
James S. Nelson ◽  
William H. McAlister ◽  
Joseph J. Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Premature Infant ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Ultrasound Scan ◽  
Ultrasound Scanning ◽  
Ct Scanner

The identification of intracerebellar hemorrhage in a living premature infant by real-time ultrasound scan and confirmation of the findings at autopsy are described. This represents the first demonstration of the value of this noninvasive, convenient, and safe means of brain imaging in diagnosis of this lesion. Previous studies have described the role of the computed tomography (CT) scan in identification of intracerebellar hemorrhage in the newborn. Because infants with intracerebellar hemorrhage are usually critically ill, a means of identification of the lesion that could be utilized at the bedside rather than an approach that requires transport to a CT scanner is needed. This study indicates that portable real-time ultrasound scanning can satisfy that need.

scholarly journals The role of multidetector CT angiography in characterizing vascular compression syndromes of the abdomen

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Sankaran ◽  
Rajoo Ramachandran ◽  
Venkatesh Bala Raghu Raji ◽  
Prithiviraj Periasamy Varadaraju ◽  
Pranesh Panneerselvam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Multidetector Ct ◽  
Vascular Compression ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Multidetector Ct Angiography ◽  
Compression Syndromes

Abstract Background Various abdominal vessels can compress the adjacent structures or in turn can get compressed by them. Most of these compression syndromes present with non-specific symptoms. Unlike the common causes of acute abdomen, the various vascular compression syndromes have bizarre clinical presentations and subtle imaging findings, which can easily be missed by the physicians as well as the radiologists. Main body of the abstract This is a retrospective study which was done for a period of 3 years from April 2015 to April 2018 using a 64-slice CT scanner. Among 2412 cases that came for evaluation, 114 patients were diagnosed to have one of the various vascular compression syndromes. These 114 cases were further managed either conservatively or surgically depending on the pathology and the severity of the compression. The syndromes discussed in this article include median arcuate ligament syndrome (29 cases), superior mesenteric artery syndrome (23 cases), portal biliopathy (3 cases), nutcracker syndrome (6 cases), pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction due to crossing of vessels (8 cases), and retrocaval ureter and May-Thurner syndrome (45 cases). Conclusions The primary goal of this article is to reinforce the knowledge of the radiologists of the various vascular compression syndromes and to make them possess a high degree of vigilance to detect them. This article elaborates the imaging findings of these syndromes and the role of multidetector CT angiography in diagnosing them.

Abstract WMP62: Achieving Ultra-Fast Door-to-Needle Times With a “Treat-in-CT” Acute Stroke Protocol

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andria L Ford ◽  
Jennifer A Williams ◽  
Brian Hoff ◽  
David Curfman ◽  
Rebecca Wiesehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Patient Flow ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Ct Protocol ◽  
Before And After

Background: Ultra-early thrombolysis [onset-to-treatment time (OTT) < 90 min], leads to better clinical outcomes. We utilized lean manufacturing principles to re-choreograph patient flow such that tPA was delivered in the CT scanner rather than moving the patient to a separate treatment room. We tested the efficiency and safety of a “Treat-in-CT” protocol comparing metrics and outcomes before and after implementation. Methods: In July 2014, a LEAN rapid improvement event was conducted to design a “Treat-in-CT” stroke protocol. Several changes included: (1) Vital signs monitors and point of care glucose and INR were placed near the scanner. (2) Computer monitors were placed in the scanner to allow for rapid charting and order entry. (3) Local EMS crews, physicians, nursing staff, and CT technicians were trained on parallel work-flow in the scanner. The “Treat-in-CT” protocol went live 10/1/2014. We directly compared the “Pre” and “Post” Treat-in-CT epochs (1/2013-9/2014 and 10/2014-8/2015, respectively) with regard to baseline variables, metrics, and outcomes. Non-parametric statistics were used with p<0.05 required for significance. Results: In the Pre- and Post-Treat-in-CT epochs, 139 and 74 patients were treated with IV tPA, respectively. Baseline variables were similar between the two epochs. Median door-to-needle time was lower in the Post-Treat-in-CT epoch: 38 min pre vs. 29 min post (p=0.002) with a trend towards lower OTT: 131 min pre vs. 100 min post (p=0.07). To ensure that efficiency did not impact safety, favorable discharge location (87% pre vs. 81% post, p=0.3), symptomatic hemorrhage rate (2.9% pre vs. 1.5% post, p=1.0), stroke mimic rate, and 90 day mRS were compared and did not differ. Conclusions: The AHA Target: Stroke-Phase II guidelines recommend administration of tPA bolus while in the CT scanner. A “Treat-in-CT” acute stroke protocol using efficient choreography and parallel processing expedited tPA delivery without compromising safety.

CT Protocol Optimization in Trauma Imaging: A Review of Current Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Iacobellis ◽  
Luigia Romano ◽  
Alessandro Rengo ◽  
Roberta Danzi ◽  
Maria Giuseppina Scuderi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Protocol Optimization ◽  
Ct Protocol ◽  
Trauma Imaging

scholarly journals The Role of CT Scan in Recognizing Blunt Diaphragmatic Rupture

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Edward Passos ◽  
Bartolomeu Nascimento ◽  
Fernando Spencer Netto ◽  
Homer Tien
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Diaphragmatic Rupture ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture

ABSTRACT Background Blunt traumatic diaphragmatic rupture (BTDR) occurs when signicant deceleration mechanism and energy are applied to the torso, and it is associated with signicant injuries and high morbidity and mortality. Although it has limitations, CT scan is the diagnostic of choice for BTDR. This study is a retrospective analyse of our experience in diagnosing BTDR using the 64-slice CT scanner. Sensitivity and specicity of this exam were assessed. Methods We reviewed reports from 2006 to 2009 of all CT scans of the abdomen that were done in the rst 24 hours of hospitalization of blunt trauma patients. We compared CT ndings to surgery reports. Results Our cohort consisted of 2670 patients; 69% were male. We found 28 cases of BTDR, most of them on the patient s left side (54%). Eleven percent of cases were bilateral. BTDR was often caused by motor vehicle collisions. We found sensitivity of 86%, specicity of 99%. Conclusion CT scan is reliable tool in blunt trauma patients. As new technologies arise, its sensibility and specicity also increases. How to cite this article Passos E, Nascimento B, Netto FS, Tien H, Rizoli S. The Role of CT Scan in Recognizing Blunt Diaphragmatic Rupture. Panam J Trauma Critical Care Emerg Surg 2012;1(1):24-26.

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