Validity and Reliability of the 45-15 Test for Aerobic Fitness in Young Soccer Players

The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of a popular field test for aerobic fitness used in soccer (45-15) in Italy. Alternating progressive 45-s runs with 15 s passive recovery until exhaustion, the test considers peak speed (PS) as a reflection of maximal aerobic speed (MAS). The validity and reliability of the 45-15 was assessed in 18 young male soccer players (age 16.7 ± 1.8 y, body mass 70 ± 7.45 kg, height 177 ± 0.5 cm, 55.62 ± 5.56 mL · kg−1 · min−1) submitted to laboratory testing for aerobic fitness and repeatedly to the 45-15. Results showed that 45-15 PS was significantly related to VO2max (r = .80, P < .001, 95%CI .47–.93) and MAS (r = .78, P = .001, 95%CI .43–.93). No significant bias between MAS 45-15 PS (P = .11) was found during the measurement-consistency study. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that 45-15 PS was sensitive in detecting VO2max changes in subjects as revealed by area under the curve (.97; 95%CI .73–1). Players with peak 45-15 speed equal to or above 16.5 km/h (ie, ROC cutoff) may be considered to have good aerobic fitness. In light of this study’s findings, the 45-15 test may be considered a reliable and valid test to evaluate meaningful information to direct generic aerobic training in soccer.

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Physical fitness performance, playing position and competitive level attained by elite junior soccer players

Kinesiology ◽

10.26582/k.53.1.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 56-64

Author(s):

Asier Los Arcos ◽

Asier Gonzalez-Artetxe

Keyword(s):

Physical Fitness ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Countermovement Jump ◽

Professional Career ◽

Neuromuscular Performance ◽

Maximal Aerobic Speed ◽

Physical Tests ◽

The Impact

The aim of this study was to look into the alleged impact of the physical fitness performance of elite junior soccer players on the professional career according to playing position. The physical tests (sprint test, countermovement jump [CMJ], and maximal aerobic speed [MAS]) performed by 165 players enrolled in the junior team of a Spanish 1st Division club (1998-2010) were evaluated. Players were classified as those who were promoted to the reserve team (Reserve Team) and those who were not (non-Reserve Team), and as those who were promoted to the Spanish 1st/2nd Divisions (PFL) and those who were not (NPFL) until the 2020-2021 season. Overall, no significant differences (p>.05) were found between the Reserve Team and non-Reserve Team or between the PFL and NPFL players in neuromuscular performance. Aerobic fitness was greater (p<.05; ES = .79 ± .60 , moderate; mean difference = 3.0%) for the Reserve Team lateral midﬁelders in comparison to that for the non-Reserve Team. The results suggest that the impact of physical fitness on the promotion of elite junior soccer players is limited.

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Ecological Validity and Reliability of an Age-Adapted Endurance Field Test in Young Male Soccer Players

The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research ◽

10.1519/jsc.0000000000002255 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 3400-3405 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carlo Castagna ◽

Peter Krustrup ◽

Stefano DʼOttavio ◽

Carlo Pollastro ◽

Andrea Bernardini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Test ◽

Ecological Validity ◽

Young Male ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Validity And Reliability

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The Validity and Reliability of a New Modified Persian Version of DN4 to Discriminate Non-neuropathic from Neuropathic

International journal of basic science in medicine ◽

10.34172/ijbsm.2021.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 37-41

Author(s):

Seyed Pezhman Madani ◽

Korosh Mansouri ◽

Shahla Asadi ◽

Safoora Ebadi

Keyword(s):

Neuropathic Pain ◽

High Reliability ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Persian Version ◽

Vas Score

Introduction: One of the popular questionnaires for screening neuropathic pain is the DN4 (Douleur Neuropathique 4) which has been translated into many languages and validated in different populations. So, we wanted to determine the Persian version of this questionnaire’s reliability and validity to differentiate neuropathic pain from other painful non-neuropathic conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients who suffered from chronic pain referred to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department at the three great referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran in 2016. In this study, a modified version of DN4 was used to validate adding a question related to the appearance of pain in an especial joint and adding visual analogue scaling (VAS) score in each item. Results: The modified DN4 questionnaire had high reliability for assessing neuropathic pain with the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.874. The correlation coefficients obtained by the retest intra-class correlation test ranged from 0.650 to 0.941. Also, the internal consistency of Spearman’s R coefficients ranged from 0.482 to 0.904. Test-retest reliability analysis also showed a higher intraclass correlation (ICC) value in the neuropathic than non-neuropathic pain group (0.85 vs0.73). The modified DN4 questionnaire could effectively discriminate neuropathic pain from non-neuropathic pain with the area under the curve (ROC) of 0.989 (95% CI: 971–1000, P < 0.001). The best cutoff value for the modified DN4 questionnaire to diagnose neuropathic pain was 5, yielding a sensitivity of 98.3% and a specificity of 90.3%. Conclusion: Applying the new modified Persian version of DN4 achieved by adding a VAS score and a new question related to the appearance of pain in an especial joint led to high reliability and validity for this tool to discriminate neuropathic from non-neuropathic pain.

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Aerobic fitness profile of youth soccer players: effects of chronological age and playing position

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n6p700 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 700 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giovani Dos Santos Cunha ◽

André Luís Lopes ◽

Jeam Marcel Geremia ◽

Gabriela Tomedi Leites ◽

Bruno Manfredini Baroni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Position Effects ◽

Youth Soccer ◽

Biological Maturation ◽

Maximal Aerobic Speed ◽

Fitness Parameters ◽

Positive Effect

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n6p700 To establish a profile of the aerobic fitness in young soccer players, it is critical to consider different intervenient factors such as maturity status, chronological age and playing position. The aim of this study was to identify the biological maturation, chronological age, and playing position effects on physical and physiological characteristics of young soccer players. Two hundred and one soccer players of 11-19 years old were divided into groups relative to their maturity status, chronological age and playing position. A maximal exercise test was performed to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) parameters in a treadmill. Biological maturation showed no significant effect on relative values (mL.kg-1.min-1) of VO2peak, VT2 and VT1 (0.004 < h2 < 0.039), but showed large positive effect on maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and speed at VT2 (VT2speed). Chronological age showed a medium positive effect on relative values of VO2peak, VT2 and VT1 (0.095 < h2 < 0.137) and a large positive effect on MAS and VT2speed. Relative values of VO2peak and VT1 showed no significant differences among groups for playing position (P>0.05; 0.044 < h2 < 0.051). However, goalkeepers showed significant lower relative values for VT2 and VT2speed than other playing positions and a medium positive effect was observed (P<0.05; 0.077 < h2 < 0.119). Chronological age showed a medium to large positive effect on aerobic fitness parameters, while biological maturation showed a positive effect only on MAS and VT2speed. Playing position showed a medium positive effect on VT2 and VT2speed.

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Satisfaction Scale For Athlete (SSA): A Study Of Validity And Reliability

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2016.v12n14p13 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gokhan Caliskan ◽

Hacer Ozge Baydar

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Super League

The purpose of this study is to develop a Satisfaction Scale for Athlete and to test its reliability and validity. Three hundred forty one professional soccer players from Turkish Super League, First and Second League voluntarily participated in this study. SSA consists of 16 items and three subscales, which are satisfaction with coach, satisfaction with team performance and satisfaction with teammates. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Multi-Sample Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Factorial Invariance were conducted to construct validity of the Satisfaction Scale for Athlete. MANOVA was performed for known-groups validity analysis of the Satisfaction Scale for Athlete by comparing the scores of soccer players from Turkish Super League with the soccer players from First and Second Leagues. As a result, support for construct validity, reliability and with soccer athletes was established, along with measurement invariance. MANOVA analyses showed predicted discrimination between the leagues. Overall, these results show the reliability and validity of the newly established Satisfaction Scale for Athlete.

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Reliability and Validity of the Carminattiʼs Test for Aerobic Fitness in Youth Soccer Players

The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research ◽

10.1519/jsc.0000000000000534 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (11) ◽

pp. 3264-3273 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Anderson S. Teixeira ◽

Juliano F. da Silva ◽

Lorival J. Carminatti ◽

Naiandra Dittrich ◽

Carlo Castagna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Youth Soccer

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Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Abeer Children Dental Anxiety Scale (ACDAS)

Contemporary Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.51463/cpd.2021.88 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 142-150

Author(s):

Aylin Aslan ◽

Tamer Tuzuner ◽

Ozgul Baygin ◽

Nagehan Yılmaz ◽

Serpil Sagdic

Keyword(s):

Characteristic Curve ◽

Dental Anxiety ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Anxiety Scale ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Turkish Version ◽

Pediatric Dentist ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Good Internal Consistency

Aim: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Abeer Children Dental Anxiety Scale (ACDAS) as a tool used for the identification and treatment of anxious children. Methods: The study sample included 122 children aged ≥7 years, and the intervention consisted of implementation of the ACDAS and the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) by the lead researcher during the first dental visit for each child. ACDAS application was also repeated by another pediatric dentist in a smaller sub-sample of 20 children during the same visit. The lead researcher repeated the process, (i.e. application of ACDAS) in the whole study sample after two weeks. Results: The mean age of the participants was 9.84 ± 1.696 years (range: 7–12 years), and anxiety (ACDAS ≥ 26) was detected in 36.1% of the children. The Turkish version of the ACDAS exhibited high correlation with the CFSS-DS (r = 0.760; p < 0.001), and the Cronbach Alpha value (α = 0.934) showed good internal consistency. No statistically significant differences were observed in the dentist’s responses to questions in the Dental and Cognitive sections when comparing the first and second applications of the scale (p > 0.05), although significant differences were observed in the Child Evaluation section (p < 0.01). The Area Under the Curve (AUC), obtained by Receiver Operative Characteristic Curve (ROC) Analysis was 0.849 indicating good diagnostic performance. Conclusions: Based on these findings, the Turkish version of the ACDAS can be considered as a valid and reliable dental anxiety scale for the identification of children concerned about dental procedures.

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Using Principal Component Scores to Enhance the Validity and Reliability of Big Five Personality Measures

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000225 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 83-93

Author(s):

Jeffrey M. Cucina ◽

Nicholas L. Vasilopoulos ◽

Arwen H. DeCostanza

Keyword(s):

Big Five ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Scoring Method ◽

Five Factors ◽

Big Five Factors ◽

Component Scores

Abstract. Varimax rotated principal component scores (VRPCS) have previously been offered as a possible solution to the non-orthogonality of scores for the Big Five factors. However, few researchers have examined the reliability and validity of VRPCS. To address this gap, we use a lab study and a field study to investigate whether using VRPCS increase orthogonality, reliability, and criterion-related validity. Compared to the traditional unit-weighting scoring method, the use of VRPCS enhanced the reliability and discriminant validity of the Big Five factors, although there was little improvement in criterion-related validity. Results are discussed in terms of the benefit of using VRPCS instead of traditional unit-weighted sum scores.

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