Effect of Stretching Protocols on Glenohumeral-Joint Muscle Activation in Elite Table Tennis Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Omid Kazemi ◽  
Amir Letafatkar ◽  
Paulo H. Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Static Stretch ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Dynamic Stretch

Context: Several studies report static-stretch-induced deficits and dynamic-stretch performance improvement after intervention. Purpose: To investigate the muscle activation of the forehand and backhand in table tennis players after experiencing static- and dynamic-stretching protocols. Methods: A total of 24 elite male table tennis players (age 22.7 [3.46] y, height 1.78 [0.03] m) were tested before and 0, 10, 20, and 30 min after the 3 conditions (dynamic stretch, static stretch, and no stretch). The MEGA ME6000 (Mega Electronics, Kuopio, Finland) was used to capture the surface EMG data of the anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, posterior deltoid, biceps, and triceps muscles. Muscle activation data of the pretest were compared with posttest 0, 10, 20, and 30 min. These data were also compared between 3 different conditions (dynamic stretch, static stretch, and no stretch). Results: A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated significant differences in the forehand and backhand, and Bonferroni test as a post hoc comparison revealed significant differences between the pretest and posttests in several muscles (P < .05). Furthermore, there were significant differences in the posttest between the 3 conditions (P < .05). Conclusions: In general, there was a short-term effect of static- and dynamic-stretching protocols on glenohumeral-joint muscle activation in elite table tennis players. The static and dynamic stretching presented a decrease and increase, respectively, in muscle activation up to 30 min after stretching. In conclusion, the additive and subtractive effects of dynamic- and static-stretching protocols on muscle activation seem to persist after 30 min.

scholarly journals Energetic Profile in Forehand Loop Drive Practice with Well-Trained, Young Table Tennis Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3681
Author(s):  
Yongming Li ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
Weijie Fu ◽  
Boyi Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Cost ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Stroke Frequency ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
High Repetition ◽  
Subject Factor

The forehand loop drive is one of the primary attacking techniques in table tennis and is practiced at a large volume during training. The aim of this study was to investigate the energetic profile of the high-repetition forehand loop drive practice in table tennis. Twenty-six well-trained, young table tennis players performed a treadmill graded exercise test to determine their peak oxygen uptake as a measure of overall cardiorespiratory fitness and an incremental table tennis stroke test with 3-min intervals during the forehand loop drive with a ball-throwing robot at a frequency of 35 to 85 strokes∙min−1. Pulmonary and blood parameters were measured and analyzed with a portable spirometry system and a blood lactate analyzer. Energy contributions were calculated from aerobic, anaerobic lactic, and anaerobic alactic pathways for each stroke frequency. Energy cost was defined as the amount of energy expended above resting levels for one stroke. Repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVA) with the stroke frequency (35,45,55,65,75, or 85 strokes/min−1) as a within-subject factor were performed for the dependent variables. A Power regression was performed for the energy cost as a function of the stroke frequency. Findings demonstrated a function of Y = 91.566·x−0.601 where Y is the energy cost and x is the stroke frequency, R2 = 0.9538. The energy cost decreased at higher stroke frequencies. The energy contributions from aerobic, anaerobic lactic, and anaerobic alactic pathways at each stroke frequency ranged from 79.4%–85.2%, 0.6%–2.1%, and 12.9%–20.0%, respectively. In conclusion, the energy cost of the forehand loop drive decreased at higher stroke frequencies. The high-repetition forehand loop drive practice was aerobic dominant and the anaerobic alactic system played a vital role.

Effects of Dynamic Stretching Combined With Static Stretching, Foam Rolling, or Vibration Rolling as a Warm-Up Exercise on Athletic Performance in Elite Table Tennis Players

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fang-Yu Hsu ◽  
Kuei-Lan Tsai ◽  
Chia-Lun Lee ◽  
Wen-Dien Chang ◽  
Nai-Jen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Random Order ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Ball Speed ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Foam Rolling ◽  
Jump Test

Context: Warm-up exercise is an essential preexercise routine for athletes to optimize performance. However, the benefits of combined warm-up protocols remain unclear. Objective: This comparative study investigated the acute effects of dynamic stretching (DS) followed by static stretching (SS), self-myofascial release using a foam rolling (FR) device, or vibration foam rolling (VFR) as a warm-up exercise to improve flexibility, power, agility, and specific skills in elite table tennis players. Design: A crossover study. Setting: University. Participants: Twenty-three elite table tennis players. Interventions: Players completed 3 different interventions in a random order (DS + SS, DS + FR, and DS + VFR). The target muscle groups included the bilateral posterior calf, posterior thigh, anterior thigh, back, and shoulder. Main Outcome Measures: Sit-and-reach test for flexibility, board jump test for lower-extremity power, medicine ball throw test for upper-extremity power, Edgren Side Step Test for agility, and ball speed of table tennis was assessed before and after intervention. Results: After intervention, significant increases in flexibility (15.2%, 20.4%, and 23.8%); lower-limb power (4.5%, 6.6%, and 6.3%); upper-limb power (9.6%, 8.5%, and 9.1%); and ball speed (7.4%, 7.6%, and 7.7%) were observed for DS + SS, DS + FR, and DS + VFR, respectively (all P < .001). In addition, only DS coupled with FR (5.1%) and DS in conjunction with VFR (2.7%) significantly improved agility (P < .001). However, no significant improvements in agility were observed after DS + SS. In addition, no one protocol was superior to the other in all outcomes. Conclusion: The authors suggest that a combination of DS with FR or VFR as warm-up exercises significantly improved flexibility, power, ball speed, in addition to agility in elite table tennis players. Coach and athletic professionals may take this information into account for choosing more effective warm-up protocols to enhance performance.

Vertical and horizontal barbell kinematics indicate differences in mechanical advantage between using an arched or flat back posture in the barbell bench press exercise

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412098295
Author(s):  
Brendan L Pinto ◽  
Clark R Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Moment Arm ◽  
Mechanical Advantage ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Flat Back ◽  
And Training

Employing an arched back posture during the bench press exercise is increasingly popular. Vertical displacement of the barbell is commonly believed to be the key difference influencing strength performance between an arched and flat back bench press technique. However, comparisons between these back postures using a free weight barbell are lacking. Directly comparing performance between each posture is confounded by many variables such as proficiency and fatigue. This investigation aimed to investigate whether changing back posture alone can influence barbell kinematics, to indirectly assess potential performance differences. Twenty males performed one repetition of the bench press exercise using either an arched or flat back posture, at 25%, 50% and 75% of their one repetition maximum, in a repeated measures study design. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. Changing back posture alone, reduced vertical displacement (approximately 11% average difference across all load conditions) and barbell to glenohumeral joint moment arm (approximately 20% difference) in the arched posture compared to the flat posture. These changes occurred without any specific cueing of the barbell motion and may increase the potential for lifting higher loads and decrease cumulative joint exposure. Additional cueing and training may be required to maximize the mechanical advantage available with each back posture. The arched posture appears to have an increased potential for further improvements in vertical displacement and moment arm through specific cueing. Future comparisons should consider if each back posture’s potential mechanical advantage has been maximized when assessing differences between techniques.

Growth and maturity status of young male table tennis players

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
Jan M. Konarski ◽  
Magdalena Krzykała ◽  
Szymon Galas ◽  
Pluta Beata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Tennis Players

Technology teaching of college table tennis players based on virtual simulation technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 002072092098608
Author(s):  
Jincheng Yu ◽  
Yonatan Asher Vexler ◽  
Rongzhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Student Interest ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Modern Information Technology ◽  
Multimedia Teaching ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Competition Process ◽  
The Times

Modern information technology is more and more widely used in school physical education. At the same time, the application of multimedia technology is becoming more and more extensive in education. As a teaching method, multimedia has developed into an important component of modern educational technology and science, and also provides support for teaching reform. The use of multimedia organization teaching can make up for the shortcomings of traditional physical education, promote the development of physical education, cultivate students' lifelong sports awareness and enhance physical fitness. Physical education is an important component of modern education, and its reform is also the trend of the times. According to the characteristics of the ordinary group of college table tennis, exploring the use of multimedia teaching platform can make the table tennis class more vivid and interesting, let students master some basic skills and skills of table tennis in a short period of time, understand and experience table tennis. The competition process enhances student interest and serves lifelong sports.

scholarly journals Role of Occupational Footwear and Prolonged Walking on Lower Extremity Muscle Activation during Maximal Exertions and Postural Stability Tasks

Biomechanics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-213
Author(s):  
Harish Chander ◽  
Sachini N. K. Kodithuwakku Arachchige ◽  
Alana J. Turner ◽  
Reuben F. Burch V ◽  
Adam C. Knight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Background: Occupational footwear and a prolonged duration of walking have been previously reported to play a role in maintaining postural stability. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the impact of three types of occupational footwear: the steel-toed work boot (ST), the tactical work boot (TB), and the low-top work shoe (LT) on previously unreported lower extremity muscle activity during postural stability tasks. Methods: Electromyography (EMG) muscle activity was measured from four lower extremity muscles (vastus medialis (VM), medial hamstrings (MH), tibialis anterior (TA), and medial gastrocnemius (MG) during maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) and during a sensory organization test (SOT) every 30 min over a 4 h simulated workload while wearing ST, TB, and LT footwear. The mean MVIC and the mean and percentage MVIC during each SOT condition from each muscle was analyzed individually using a repeated measures ANOVA at an alpha level of 0.05. Results: Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found for maximal exertions, but this was limited to only the time main effect. No significant differences existed for EMG measures during the SOT. Conclusion: The findings suggest that occupational footwear type does not influence lower extremity muscle activity during both MVIC and SOT. Significantly lower muscle activity during maximal exertions over the course of the 4 h workload was evident, which can be attributed to localized muscular fatigue, but this was not sufficient to impact muscle activity during postural stability tasks.

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