scholarly journals A High-Intensity Warm-Up Increases Thermal Strain But Does Not Affect Repeated Sprint Performance in Athletes With a Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Thomas J. O’Brien ◽  
Simon J. Briley ◽  
Barry S. Mason ◽  
Christof A. Leicht ◽  
Keith Tolfrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Thermal Strain ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Wheelchair Rugby ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Cord Injury

Purpose: To compare the effects of typical competition versus high-intensity intermittent warm-up (WU) on thermoregulatory responses and repeated sprint performance during wheelchair rugby game play. Methods: An intermittent sprint protocol (ISP) simulating the demands of wheelchair rugby was performed by male wheelchair rugby players (7 with cervical spinal cord injury [SCI] and 8 without SCI) following 2 WU protocols. These included a typical competition WU (control) and a WU consisting of high-intensity efforts (INT). Core temperature (Tcore), thermal sensation, and thermal comfort were recorded. Wheelchair performance variables associated to power, speed, and fatigue were also calculated. Results: During the WU, Tcore was similar between conditions for both groups. During the ISP, a higher Tcore was found for SCI compared to NON-SCI (38.1 [0.3] vs 37.7 [0.3] °C: P = .036, d = 0.75), and the SCI group experienced a higher peak Tcore for INT compared with control (39.0 [0.4] vs 38.6 [0.6] °C; P = .004). Peak Tcore occurred later in the ISP for players with SCI (96 [5.8] vs 48 [2.7] min; P < .001). All players reported a higher thermal sensation and thermal comfort following INT (P < .001), with no differences between conditions throughout the ISP. No significant differences were found in wheelchair performance variables during the ISP between conditions (P ≥ .143). Conclusions: The high-INT WU increased thermal strain in the SCI group during the ISP, potentially due to increased metabolic heat production and impaired thermoregulation, while not impacting on repeated sprint performance. It may be advisable to limit high-INT bouts during a WU in players with SCI to mitigate issues related to hyperthermia in subsequent performance.

scholarly journals Kinematic bidimensional analysis of the propulsion technique in wheelchair rugby athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Sara Maria Franchin ◽  
Federico Giordani ◽  
Michele Tonellato ◽  
Michael Benazzato ◽  
Giuseppe Marcolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wheelchair Rugby ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Set Up

Wheelchair rugby is a sport ideated for individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) which is extremely important for maintaining their neuromuscular abilities and improving their social and psychological wellbeing. However, due to the frequent changes in direction and speed it considerably stresses the players’ upper limbs. 13 athletes have undergone two sports-related tests on an inertial drum bench and several kinematic parameters have been registered. Most athletes use a semi-circular pattern which is considered protective for the upper limb. With increasing speed, range of motion (ROM) increases. Release angles increment and contact angles reduce, displacing the push angle forward to increase speed. Instead, the more anterior late push angle used to increase velocity is a factor which further loads the shoulder joint. However, other factors affecting propulsion technique, such as posture and wheelchair set up should be studied to further reduce loading on the upper limb.

Effects of Static Stretching in Warm-Up on Repeated Sprint Performance

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 2155-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Y Sim ◽  
Brian T Dawson ◽  
Kym J Guelfi ◽  
Karen E Wallman ◽  
Warren B Young
Keyword(s):  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Repeated Sprint

Effects of static stretching in warm-up on repeated sprint performance

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. S60 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dawson ◽  
A. Sim ◽  
K. Wallman ◽  
K. Guelfi ◽  
W. Young
Keyword(s):  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Repeated Sprint

scholarly journals Acute Effects of a Static vs. a Dynamic Stretching Warm-up on Repeated-Sprint Performance in Female Handball Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Zmijewski ◽  
Patrycja Lipinska ◽  
Anna Czajkowska ◽  
Anna Mróz ◽  
Paweł Kapuściński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Power ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Repeated Sprint

AbstractThis randomized cross-over study examined the effects of typical static and dynamic stretching warm-up protocols on repeated-sprint performance. Thirteen young female handball players performed a 5 min aerobic warm-up followed by one of three stretching protocols for the lower limbs: (1) static stretching, (2) dynamic-ballistic stretching, and (3) no stretching before performing five all-out sprints on a cycle ergometer. Each protocol was performed on a different occasion, separated by 2-3 days. Range of movement (ROM) was also measured before and after the warm-up protocols with a sit-and-reach test. Fixed and random effects of each stretching protocol on repeated sprint performance were estimated with mixed linear modeling and data were evaluated via standardization and magnitude-based inferences. In comparison to no stretching, there were small increases in ROM after dynamic stretching (12.7%, ±0.7%; mean, ±90% confidence limits) and static stretching (19.2%, ±0.9%). There were small increases in the average power across all sprints with dynamic stretching relative to static stretching (3.3%, ±2.4%) and no stretching (3.0%, ±2.4%) and trivial to small increases in the average power in the 1st and 5th trials with dynamic stretching compared to static stretching (3.9%, ±2.6%; 2.6%, ±2.6%, respectively) and no stretching (2.0%, ±2.7%; 4.1%, ±2.8%, respectively). There were also trivial and small decreases in power across all sprints with static relative to dynamic stretching (-1.3%, ±2.8%) and no stretching (-3.5%, ±2.9%). Dynamic stretching improved repeated-sprint performance to a greater extent than static stretching and no stretching.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Short Practical Warm-up Protocol on Repeated Sprint Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 2034-2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Taylor ◽  
Matthew Weston ◽  
Matthew D. Portas
Keyword(s):  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Repeated Sprint

scholarly journals A 1-Minute Re-warm Up at High-Intensity Improves Sprint Performance During the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Yanaoka ◽  
Risa Iwata ◽  
Akane Yoshimura ◽  
Norikazu Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Test List ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test

Although a 3- to 7-min re-warm up (RW) elicits performance and physiological benefits after half-time (HT), a time-efficient and feasible RW protocol is required for the use of an RW in the athletic setting. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 1-min RW at high-intensity on the performance and physiological responses during the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST). In a randomized and counterbalanced cross-over design, 12 male amateur intermittent team sports players (soccer, basketball, handball, and lacrosse; age, 22 ± 2 years; height, 1.70 ± 0.08 m; body mass, 65.1 ± 8.3 kg; body mass index, 22.4 ± 1.9 kg m−2; VO2max, 53.5 ± 4.5 ml kg−1 min−1) performed the LIST. The LIST comprised two 45-min halves separated by a 15-min HT. Each half comprised repetitions of exercise cycles consisting of 3 × 20-m walking, 1 × 20-m maximal sprint, 3 × 20-m jogging, and 3 × 20-m running. During the HT, the participants were assigned to a control trial (CON; 15-min seated rest) or an RW trial (1-min running at 90% of the maximal oxygen uptake after a 14-min seated rest). Compared to the CON, the RW prevents reductions in sprint performance at the fourth and sixth periods of the LIST (fourth: 2.4%, p = 0.002, d = 1.68, sixth: 3.6%, p = 0.012, d = 1.74) and a decrement of gastrointestinal temperature during HT (0.5°C, p = 0.010, d = 1.41). Moreover, the RW decreased the electromyogram amplitude of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) after HT (12%, p = 0.017, d = 1.12) without a decrease of maximal voluntary contraction force, suggesting an increased neuromuscular efficiency (9%, p = 0.048, d = 0.58). The RW also increased the mean heart rate in the initial part of the second half (4 bpm, p = 0.016, d = 0.38). In conclusion, the RW improved sprint performance, core temperature, muscle activation, and heart rate in the second half of the LIST. The findings suggest that the RW should be recommended for intermittent team sports players when longer RWs are not possible.

scholarly journals Comparison of Designated Coefficients and their Predictors in Functional Evaluation of Wheelchair Rugby Athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Zwierzchowska ◽  
Ewa Sadowska-Krępa ◽  
Marta Głowacz ◽  
Aleksandara Mostowik ◽  
Adam Maszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Functional Classification ◽  
High Point ◽  
Wheelchair Rugby ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract The objectives of the present study were twofold: to determine differences between groups by means of chosen coefficients and to create significant predictors using regression models for athletes in wheelchair rugby who had the same spinal cord injury (tetraplegia) and were classified as low point and high point players. The study sample consisted of 24 subjects, who had sustained cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI). They were divided into low point (n=15) and high point (n=9) groups according to the IWRF Classification System. A one-way ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences in the following coefficients differentiating the groups: AC (η2=0.778), LC (η2=0.687), IC (η2=0.565), SC (η2=0.580). The Tukey’s HSD post-hoc test indicated statistically significant higher values of coefficients in the HP compared to the LP group: AC=0.958 (p=0.022), LC=0.989 (p=0.031), IC=0.971 (p=0.044), SC=0.938 (p=0.039). In the HP group, the most significant predictor was the sum of visceral and trunk fat which was negatively correlated with the SC (what constituted a positive adaptive change in response to training). With regard to the LP group, body height and circumference of the chest appeared to be most significant predictors and were positively correlated with the SC. In the LP group no predictor with respect to the SC was significantly correlated to sports training. Therefore, the functional classification system confirmed lower status of the LP players. The results of the present study indicate that both metabolic and somatic profiles which highly determine potential of wheelchair rugby athletes are significantly different in LP and HP players, what confirms the reliability of the functional classification system.

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