A Clinical Trial Based on Reward Contingency to Improve Prone Tolerance and Motor Development is Feasible in 3- to 6-Month-Old Infants

Aims: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends “parents to incorporate supervised, awake ‘prone play’ in their infant’s routine to support motor development and minimize the risk of plagiocephaly”. The purpose of this feasibility study was to compare usual care to a reward contingency–based intervention, developed to increase prone tolerance and improve motor skills. Methods: Ten full-term infants, 3–6- months old, with poor prone tolerance were randomized to either the Education group or Reward contingency group. Each group participated in three parent education sessions and 15 intervention sessions, over the period of three weeks. Infants in the Reward contingency group used the Prone Play Activity Center, a technology developed to reinforce motor behavior of infants in prone position. Intervention frequency and parent feedback data determined the feasibility of the interventions. Results: Infants in the Reward contingency group practiced a median of 12 of the 15 anticipated intervention sessions in the Prone Play Activity Center. These infants used the device for a mean of 18 minutes per day. Parents of infants in the Education group practiced a median of 10 sessions of the 15 anticipated intervention sessions. Conclusion: The reward contingency–based intervention is feasible for use in a future clinical trial with some modifications.

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Motor development of preterm and term infants in the fundamental movement phase: a cross-sectional study

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/1980-5918.029.003.ao16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 581-588 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joyce Karla Machado da Silva ◽

Aline Mariane Sargi ◽

Isabel Cristina de Oliveira Andrade ◽

Camila Costa de Araújo ◽

Tiago Del Antonio

Keyword(s):

Motor Development ◽

Motor Behavior ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Body Scheme ◽

Term Infants ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Preterm Group

Abstract Introduction: Motor development is a continuous process of motor behavior changes throughout life, allowing for movement control. Premature birth can affect this process, with a greater risk of delays in acquiring these skills. Objective: Compare motor development during the fundamental movement phase of preterm infants submitted to early stimulation and full-term babies. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study with convenience sampling, performed with twenty 3-year-old children of both sexes, distributed into two groups: the preterm group (n = 10), which received physical therapy in the first months of life, and the term group (n = 10). Motor development stages were assessed between January and April 2013, using the Motor Development Scale (Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor - EDM) developed by Francisco Rosa Neto, with an average execution time of thirty minutes. Statistical analysis was performed using BioEstat 5.0 software, and the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to verify data normality. A significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was adopted, analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The term group exhibited significant differences in relation to the preterm group for the variables Fine and Gross Motor Skills, and Spatial and Temporal Awareness, with no differences in Balance and Body Scheme. Conclusion: Only the premature infants submitted to early intervention achieved normal levels of Balance and Body Scheme on the EDM Scale.

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Corpus Callosum and Motor Development in Healthy Term Infants

Pediatric Neurology ◽

10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.10.012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 192-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chaw-Liang Chang ◽

Kun-Long Hung ◽

Yi-Chen Yang ◽

Che-Sheng Ho ◽

Nan-Chang Chiu

Keyword(s):

Corpus Callosum ◽

Motor Development ◽

Term Infants

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Reduced crying in term infants fed high beta-palmitate formula: a double-blind randomized clinical trial

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/1471-2431-14-152 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ita Litmanovitz ◽

Fabiana Bar-Yoseph ◽

Yael Lifshitz ◽

Keren Davidson ◽

Alon Eliakim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Double Blind ◽

Term Infants ◽

High Beta

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Career and College Planning Needs of Ninth Graders–as Reported by Ninth Graders

Professional School Counseling ◽

10.1177/2156759x0601000207 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 2156759X0601000

Author(s):

Melinda M. Gibbons ◽

L. DiAnne Borders ◽

Mark E. Wiles ◽

Julie B. Stephan ◽

Patrick E. Davis

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Parent Education ◽

Career Planning ◽

Ninth Graders ◽

Accurate Information ◽

College Planning ◽

College Costs ◽

Career Plans ◽

Education Group ◽

College And Career

Few researchers have asked students directly about what they know and need to know regarding college and career planning. Given the critical choices made early in high school, ninth graders (n = 222) were surveyed regarding their educational and career plans and the resources they were using in their decision-making. Overall results as well as differences by ethnicity, gender, and parent education group are reported. Results indicated a discrepancy between plans and accurate information about college costs and availability.

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Visual function in breast-fed term infants weaned to formula with or without long-chain polyunsaturates at 4 to 6 months: A randomized clinical trial

The Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1067/mpd.2003.213 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 142 (6) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

Dennis R. Hoffman ◽

Eileen E. Birch ◽

Yolanda S. Castañeda ◽

Sherry L. Fawcett ◽

Dianna H. Wheaton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Visual Function ◽

Term Infants ◽

Breast Fed ◽

Long Chain

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A critical period for the impact of vestibular sensation on ferret motor development

Journal of Vestibular Research ◽

10.3233/ves-2006-164-503 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 (4-5) ◽

pp. 179-186

Author(s):

S. Van Cleave ◽

M.S. Shall

Keyword(s):

Vestibular System ◽

Motor Development ◽

Critical Period ◽

Motor Behavior ◽

Fiber Development ◽

Type I ◽

Behavior Development ◽

Sham Surgery ◽

Walking Balance ◽

The Impact

Children with hearing deficits and hypofunctioning vestibular receptors frequently have delayed motor development. This study focuses on when the vestibular system needs to be active for normal motor behavior development and the maturation of the soleus muscle in the ferret. Both vestibular labyrinths were removed from ferrets at Postnatal day 10 (P10), P21, or P45 and the resulting data were compared with ferrets that had undergone a sham surgery at the same ages. The animals were sacrificed at P120 (young adult ferret). The resulting data from these ferrets revealed that standing and walking balance was significantly affected when the vestibular system was eliminated at or before P21. The soleus of P10 and P21 animals generally had smaller diameter muscle fibers and proportionally less type I Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) and more type IIX MHC. The twitch contraction time of the soleus of the P21 group was significantly slower than the other groups. It appears that the vestibular system is important to motor and muscle fiber development in the ferret during the period before P21. The eyes are still closed at that age and all of the vestibular receptors are not fully mature. These findings imply a "critical period" for vestibular sensation and the development of a muscle that is important to standing balance.

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