Two Months of Using Global Recommendations for Physical Activity Had No Impact on Cognitive or Motor Functions in Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Laura Zlibinaite ◽  
Albertas Skurvydas ◽  
Sandra Kilikeviciene ◽  
Rima Solianik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Neurotropic Factor

Background: The effect of globally recommended levels of physical activity on cognition and motor behavior is not completely understood. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the effect of 300 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive and motor performance among overweight and obese working-age women. Methods: Overweight and obese participants aged 38–56 years were randomized to either a control or an experimental group performing aerobic exercise at 50% to 60% of the peak oxygen consumption for a 2-month period. Changes in aerobic fitness, cardiac autonomic function, brain-derived neurotropic factor levels, and cognitive and motor performance were assessed. Results: Although aerobic exercise reduced body weight (P < .05) and improved peak oxygen consumption (P < .05), the brain-derived neurotropic factor levels and cognitive and motor performance remained unchanged. Heart rate and blood pressure decreased (P < .05), whereas heart rate variability indices were not affected. No significant correlations between changes in heart rate variability indices and cognition were observed. Conclusions: Two months of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise decreased sympathetic activity and improved cardiovascular fitness but had no impact on cognition or motor control among these middle-aged, overweight, and obese women.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory function associated with dietary nitrate supplementation

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon Bond ◽  
Bryan H. Curry ◽  
Richard G. Adams ◽  
Richard M. Millis ◽  
Georges E. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Dietary Nitrate ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Nitrate Supplementation

The advent of medical nutrition therapy and nutritional physiology affords the opportunity to link diet to specific cardiovascular mechanisms, suggesting novel treatments for cardiovascular disease. This study tests the hypothesis that beetroot juice increases the plasma nitric oxide (NO) concentration, which is associated with improvements in cardiorespiratory function at rest and during submaximal aerobic exercise. The subjects were 12 healthy, young adult, normotensive African-American females, with a body mass of 61 ± 2 kg, body fat of 28% ± 4%, and peak oxygen consumption of 26 ± 3 mL·kg−1·min−1. The subjects were studied at rest and during cycle ergometer exercise at 40%, 60%, and 80% of peak oxygen consumption. Plasma NO concentration, respiratory quotient (RQ), minute ventilation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), heart rate, and oxygen consumption were compared between isocaloric, isovolumetric placebo control orange juice and experimental beetroot juice treatments on separate days. The beetroot juice treatment increased plasma NO concentration and decreased oxygen consumption, SBP, and the heart rate-SBP product at rest and at 40%, 60%, and 80% of peak oxygen consumption in the absence of significant effects on RQ, minute ventilation, heart rate, and DBP. These findings suggest that, in healthy subjects, beetroot juice treatments increase plasma NO concentration and decrease cardiac afterload and myocardial oxygen demand at rest and during 3 submaximal levels of aerobic exercise. Future studies should determine the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the improvement in cardiorespiratory function associated with dietary nitrate supplementation and whether they translate into better cardiovascular function and exercise tolerance in individuals with a compromised cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals The effects of acute aerobic exercise on inhibitory control and resting state heart rate variability in children with ADHD

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Lin Yu ◽  
Shu-Shih Hsieh ◽  
Ting-Yu Chueh ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
Charles H. Hillman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sympathovagal Balance ◽  
Children With Adhd

AbstractThe current study examined the effects of acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MAE) on inhibitory control and resting-state heart rate variability (HRV) in children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Our data show that acute MAE resulted in higher response accuracy of a modified flanker task regardless of task difficulty for 60 min (p = .001). Aerobic exercise further resulted in more effective conflict detection, as measured by greater amplitude (p = .012) and shorter latency (p = .029) of the N2 component of event-related brain potential, for 60 min regardless of task difficulty. In contrast, acute MAE did not modulate sympathovagal balance signified by HRV at either 30 min or 60 min following exercise cessation. Collectively, our findings suggest that the beneficial effects of acute aerobic exercise on inhibitory control are sustained for 60 min in children with ADHD. However, acute aerobic exercise may not modulate sympathovagal balance during the post-exercise recovery. Overall, we highlight the importance of acute aerobic exercise for children with ADHD as a potential means to facilitate brain health.

Effects of Physical Conditioning on Cardiac Autonomic Function in Healthy Middle-Aged Women

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula R. Myslivecek ◽  
C. Ann Brown ◽  
Larry A. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Standing Posture ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Vagal Modulation ◽  
Sympathetic Modulation ◽  
Spontaneous Baroreflex

The purpose of this study was to determine whether moderate exercise training affects heart rate variability (HRV) and spontaneous baroreflex (SBR) function in healthy middle-aged women. Thirty-two sedentary women aged 40-59 yr were divided into four groups depending on reproductive state (premenopausal, PrM or postmenopausal, PoM, and training group (exercise or sedentary control group). The electrocardiographic R-R interval and systolic blood pressure (finger plethysmograph) were measured at rest during paced breathing at 16 breaths/min in the left lateral decubitus, sitting, and free standing postures, and during upright cycling at 40% maximal heart rate reserve (MHRR). After initial testing, the exercise groups underwent a 12 week walking program. After training, both exercise groups (PrM and PoM) had a longer R-R interval in all conditions, a higher SBR slope in the sitting and standing posture and lower sympathetic modulation in the standing posture, than the control groups and pre-training levels. During exercise, vagal modulation was higher and sympathetic modulation was lower in both exercise groups compared to pretraining values. Vagal modulation is increased following moderate intensity aerobic conditioning in middle-aged women. Key words: heart rate variability, spontaneous baroreflex function, exercise

scholarly journals The Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Nocturnal and Pre-Sleep Arousal in Patients with Unipolar Depression: Preplanned Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 4028
Author(s):  
Gavin Brupbacher ◽  
Thea Zander-Schellenberg ◽  
Doris Straus ◽  
Hildburg Porschke ◽  
Denis Infanger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Sleep Period ◽  
Sleep Arousal

Unipolar depression is associated with insomnia and autonomic arousal. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of a single bout of aerobic exercise on nocturnal heart rate variability and pre-sleep arousal in patients with depression. This study was designed as a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized, outcome assessor-blinded, controlled, superiority trial. Patients with a primary diagnosis of unipolar depression aged 18–65 years were included. The intervention consisted of a single 30 min moderate-intensity aerobic exercise bout. The control group sat and read for 30 min. The primary outcome of interest was RMSSD during the sleep period assessed with polysomnography. Secondary outcomes were additional heart rate variability outcomes during the sleep and pre-sleep period as well as subjective pre-sleep arousal. A total of 92 patients were randomized to either the exercise (N = 46) or the control (N = 46) group. Intent-to-treat analysis ANCOVA of follow-up sleep period RMSSD, adjusted for baseline levels and minimization factors, did not detect a significant effect of the allocation (β = 0.12, p = 0.94). There was no evidence for significant differences between both groups in any other heart rate variability measure nor in measures of cognitive or somatic pre-sleep arousal. As this is the first trial of its kind in this population, the findings need to be confirmed in further studies. Patients with depression should be encouraged to exercise regularly in order to profit from the known benefits on sleep and depressive symptoms, which are supported by extensive literature.

scholarly journals Influence of Age and Moderate-Intensity Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Young and Mature Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. Leicht ◽  
Graham D. Allen ◽  
Andrew J. Hoey
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Vagal Modulation

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of age and moderate-intensity exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV), and to elucidate further the mechanism of training-induced bradycardia and cardioprotection. Electrocardiograms were recorded from 12 young (18-24 yrs) and 12 mature (29-43 yrs) individuals during supine rest and submaximal moderate exercise. Recordings were obtained prior to, midway, and following 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training designed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and health. Training resulted in augmented estimated [Formula: see text] and bradycardia during rest and submaximal exercise. Total and low frequency components of HRV during exercise were significantly increased for the mature subjects following training whereas other measures of HRV were not significantly changed for either group. It was concluded that training of moderate intensity was insufficient to induce changes in the autonomic control of heart rate for young to mature subjects. The lack of significant HRV changes may suggest the existence of a vagal critical point, below which training-induced increases in vagal modulation may be forthcoming, and above which changes in vagal modulation may be negligible. Training-induced bradycardia and the cardioprotective effect of regular aerobic exercise may result from factors other than an increased vagal modulation. Key words: physical activity, ageing, autonomic nervous system, bradycardia, spectral analysis

Heart Rate Variability and Intensity of Habitual Physical Activity in Middle-Aged Persons

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1530-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN BUCHHEIT ◽  
CHANTAL SIMON ◽  
ANNE CHARLOUX ◽  
ST??PHANE DOUTRELEAU ◽  
FRAN??OIS PIQUARD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Middle Aged

scholarly journals Age-Related Change in Heart Rate Variability at Resting in Thai Professional Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maninthorn Thabsuwan ◽  
Therdtham Chawrai ◽  
Chaladol Boonsri ◽  
Tepmanas Bupha-Intr
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Potential Marker

Background: Although regular exercise is beneficially acknowledged in promoting general health status, the cardiovascular risk of sudden cardiac death in highly training athletes has been reported. Unfortunately, the primary key factor in inducing cardiac problems in athletic populations is still questioned. Objectives: In the present study, we aim to determine factors that could affect the relationship between physical activity level and cardiac autonomic function in the Thai population. Methods: Forty participants were recruited and classified into three groups based on their physical activity level and sport profession, including sedentary men, elite handball players, and professional futsal players. In all participants, we measured predicted maximal oxygen consumption, time- and frequency- domain heart rate variability (HRV) variables at rest. Results: Results demonstrated a positive correlation between time-domain HRV and estimated maximal oxygen consumption, but not with frequency-domain HRV, in which athletes aged lower than 25 years old (18 - 25 years old) had a significantly higher in the standard deviation of normal RR intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD) than that in age-matched sedentary subjects. Interestingly, athletes aged above 25 years old (25 - 32 years old) had lower SDNN and RMSSD with higher low frequency/high-frequency ratio than those athletes aged under 25. Since all athletes aged above 25 years old were world-class national futsal players, stress due to the competitive level might be another factor influencing cardiac autonomic activity in athletes. Conclusions: In conclusion, the study suggested the importance of age and stress exposure on cardiac autonomic regulation in elite athletes. The observed correlation also reinforced HRV as a potential marker in detecting abnormal changes in cardiac health even in an athletic population.

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