The Effect of Partitioned Ticket Prices on Sport Consumer Perceptions and Enduring Attitudes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ted Hayduk ◽  
Natasha Brison ◽  
Joris Drayer
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Team Identification ◽  
Ticket Pricing ◽  
Partitioned Pricing ◽  
Sport Consumption ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Perceptions Of Fairness ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Entertainment Value ◽  
Ticket Prices

The efficacy of partitioned pricing (PP) has been investigated in a range of industries. This work showed that the usefulness of PP is situational, with numerous contextual factors playing important roles. Ticket pricing scholarship has yet to devote adequate attention to PP as a focal variable, which is problematic given the industry’s reliance on ticket revenue and the “service” fees ubiquitous in the ticketing industry. In addition, there is a need to investigate the moderating factors unique to sport consumption, such as team identification and the entertainment value of live sport. Using a sample of 403 sport consumers, this study found that PP is associated with lower perceptions of fairness but not lower enduring attitudes about the platform. Thus, sport consumers are displeased by PP, but not enough to dissuade them from future purchases. The analysis found that team identification—the entertainment value of live sports entertainment value—can further offset negative perceptions of PP.

An Examination of Partitioned Pricing and the Influence of Culture and Familiarity on Sport Consumer Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Misun Won ◽  
Stephen Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Partitioned Pricing ◽  
Sporting Event ◽  
Sport Consumer Behavior ◽  
Ticket Prices ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research has examined consumer behavior toward partitioned pricing in various capacities, including types and number of surcharges and the use of dollars versus percentages. Given the fact partitioned pricing is not employed in every country, this investigation focused on consumer behavior toward this pricing strategy based on familiarity with partitioned pricing and cultural differences. An experimental design was implemented to examine South Korean and US sport consumers’ attitudes and behaviors related to ticket prices for a mega-sporting event. The findings showed all-inclusive pricing, in general, is preferred and culture does not significantly impact consumer behavior in this context. Additionally, familiarity moderated the relationship between cultural differences and consumer behavior. Consumers who were familiar with partitioned pricing were more attracted to partitioned pricing ticket offers and had higher purchase intentions compared to consumers who were less familiar with the practice. Implications of these findings are discussed along with directions for future research.

scholarly journals Workers’ access to Swedish opera houses and concert halls, 1898–2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staffan Albinsson
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Symphony Orchestra ◽  
Ticket Pricing ◽  
Concert Halls ◽  
High Level ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Ticket Prices ◽  
Opera Houses

AbstractIn this study ticket prices to Swedish opera houses and symphony orchestra concerts are compared to wages during the 1898–2019 period. Both wages and ticket prices have increased continuously. The same kind of policy objectives concerning social inclusion of disadvantaged groups that were established in the beginning of the twentieth century is still proclaimed. The most favourable ticket pricing policies for buyers were used in the decades around the first national Cultural Policy Act from 1974. The study shows that ticket price levels have risen thereafter to a level much less favourable for low-income workers. Managements do use some price discrimination tactics. However, they do it uniformly for all events. They now focus on the promotion of special, ‘popular music’-based events as a response to social inclusion directives. The idea is that attending such performances will make visitors interested in the normal repertoire, as well. The choice of high-level ticket prices for the traditional content means that the standard audience remains monocultural.

scholarly journals Variable Ticket Pricing in Major League Baseball

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Rascher ◽  
Chad D. McEvoy ◽  
Mark S. Nagel ◽  
Matthew T. Brown
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Major League Baseball ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
Ticket Pricing ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Variable Pricing ◽  
Major League ◽  
Sport Teams ◽  
Ticket Prices

Sport teams historically have been reluctant to change ticket prices during the season. Recently, however, numerous sport organizations have implemented variable ticket pricing in an effort to maximize revenues. In Major League Baseball variable pricing results in ticket price increases or decreases depending on factors such as quality of the opponent, day of the week, month of the year, and for special events such as opening day, Memorial Day, and Independence Day. Using censored regression and elasticity analysis, this article demonstrates that variable pricing would have yielded approximately $590,000 per year in additional ticket revenue for each major league team in 1996, ceteris paribus. Accounting for capacity constraints, this amounts to only about a 2.8% increase above what occurs when prices are not varied. For the 1996 season, the largest revenue gain would have been the Cleveland Indians, who would have generated an extra $1.4 million in revenue. The largest percentage revenue gain would have been the San Francisco Giants. The Giants would have seen an estimated 6.7% increase in revenue had they used optimal variable pricing.

When a brand caught fire: the role of brand equity in product-harm crisis

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 532-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna Rea ◽  
Yong J. Wang ◽  
Jason Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Reactions ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Brand Involvement

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in consumer reactions to high- versus low-equity brands in terms of consumer attitude toward the brand, involvement with the brand, company credibility and consumer purchase intentions. Design/methodology/approach – Experimental procedure is conducted to test three hypotheses using 317 consumer participants. The experiment is carried out comparing a high-equity personal computer (PC) brand and a low-equity PC brand involved in product-harm crisis. Findings – The results indicate that, in the case of product-harm crisis, negative consumer perceptions regardless of brand equity level; less negative perceptions for a high-equity brand than for a low-equity brand; and smaller loss in consumer perceptions for a high-equity brand than for a low-equity brand. Research limitations/implications – The findings highlight the importance of brand equity in crisis management explained by covariation theory of attributions. Practical implications – Although product-harm crisis is inevitable for many firms, continuous investment in brand equity can mitigate the negative consequences. Originality/value – Product-harm crisis can pose serious consequences for firms on both financial and intangible dimensions. Given the occurrence of numerous product-harm crises involving both reputable and less known brands, it is important to consider potential influences of brand equity on consumer reactions to such crisis.

scholarly journals Social media and sport consumption: the effect of team identification on attitude and behavioral intention

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Mohammad Salari ◽  
Mohammad Mazyari
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Team Identification ◽  
Sport Consumption

Objetivo do estudo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o efeito de atributo semelhante com a equipe sobre atitudes em relação às mídias sociais e intenções comportamentais baseadas nas mídias sociais.Metodologia / Abordagem: Este é um estudo de pesquisa. A população estatística inclui estudantes de educação física e ciências do esporte da Universidade de Teerã, no Irã. Finalmente, 185 questionários foram devolvidos e analisados. Atributo semelhante com a equipe utilizando o questionário do Heer and et al (2011), Atitudes em relação às mídias sociais usando os questionários Cretti‎ (2015) e Lin et al. (2009) e intenções comportamentais usando o questionário do Phonthanukitithaworn e Sellitto (2017), foram medidas. Além disso, a validade de face dos questionários foi confirmada pelos professores de gestão esportiva. Para análise dos dados, foram utilizados modelagem de equações estruturais e o programa do SmartPLS.Originalidade / Relevância: Este estudo foi necessário devido à falta de um estudo parecido que examina o uso das mídias sociais no campo do esporte por estudantes no Irã. Além disso, a relação entre essas variáveis ainda não foi estudada.Principais resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a atributo semelhante com a equipe tem um efeito positivo e significativo nas atitudes em relação às mídias sociais e nas intenções comportamentais baseadas nas mídias sociais. Além disso, atitudes em relação às mídias sociais têm um efeito positivo e significativo nas intenções comportamentais baseadas nas mídias sociais.Contribuições teóricas / Metodológicas: Para aumentar as intenções comportamentais baseadas nas mídias sociais no campo do esporte, é necessário prestar atenção a atributo smelhante da equipe e à atitude em relação às mídias sociais.

An Examination of Partitioned Pricing and the Influence of Culture and Familiarity on Sport Consumer Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Misun Won ◽  
Stephen Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Partitioned Pricing ◽  
Sporting Event ◽  
Sport Consumer Behavior ◽  
Ticket Prices ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research has examined consumer behavior toward partitioned pricing in various capacities, including types and number of surcharges and the use of dollars versus percentages. Given the fact partitioned pricing is not employed in every country, this investigation focused on consumer behavior toward this pricing strategy based on familiarity with partitioned pricing and cultural differences. An experimental design was implemented to examine South Korean and US sport consumers’ attitudes and behaviors related to ticket prices for a mega-sporting event. The findings showed all-inclusive pricing, in general, is preferred and culture does not significantly impact consumer behavior in this context. Additionally, familiarity moderated the relationship between cultural differences and consumer behavior. Consumers who were familiar with partitioned pricing were more attracted to partitioned pricing ticket offers and had higher purchase intentions compared to consumers who were less familiar with the practice. Implications of these findings are discussed along with directions for future research.

A New Age of Demand-Based Pricing: An Examination of Dynamic Ticket Pricing and Secondary Market Prices in Major League Baseball

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Shapiro ◽  
Joris Drayer
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Ticket Price ◽  
Ticket Pricing ◽  
Dynamic Ticket Pricing ◽  
Ticket Prices ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Price Differences ◽  
The Relationship

In 2010, the San Francisco Giants became the first professional team to implement a comprehensive demand-based ticket pricing strategy called dynamic ticket pricing (DTP). In an effort to understand DTP as a price setting strategy, the current investigation explored Giants’ ticket prices during the 2010 season. First, the relationship between fixed ticket prices, dynamic ticket prices, and secondary market ticket prices for comparable seats were examined. In addition, seat location and price changes over time were examined to identify potential effects on ticket price in the primary and secondary market. Giants’ ticket price data were collected for various games throughout the 2010 season. A purposive selection of 12 games, which included (N= 1,316) ticket price observations, were chosen in an effort to include a multitude of game settings. Two ANOVA models were developed to examine price differences based on pricing structure, market, section, and time. Findings showed significant differences between fixed ticket prices, dynamic ticket prices, and secondary market ticket prices, with fixed ticket prices on the low end and secondary market ticket prices on the high end of the pricing spectrum. Furthermore, time was found to have a significant influence on ticket price; however, the influence of time varied by market and seat location. These findings are discussed and both theoretical and practical implications are considered.

Feminization of sport audiences and fans? Evidence from the German men’s national soccer team

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Erik Meier ◽  
Bernd Strauss ◽  
Dennis Riedl
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Team Identification ◽  
Sport Consumption ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Soccer Team

Sport and sport consumption represent highly gendered spheres. Accordingly, sport spectatorship and fandom have been predominantly male. Recently, however, a trend towards a ‘feminization of sport crowds’ within European soccer has been detected. The piece of research presented here focuses on the concept’s quantitative dimension and aims to provide empirical evidence on long-term trends in female sport consumption and team identification studying trends for the German national soccer team over a 12-year period. The results suggest that the feminization of soccer reflects not only inauthentic consumerism but also increased team identification. Moreover, consistent age effects might be interpreted as indicating that the detected trends relate to changes in gender roles attitudes.

scholarly journals Conceptualising talent in multinational hotel corporations

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 3879-3898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Jooss ◽  
Anthony McDonnell ◽  
Ralf Burbach ◽  
Vlad Vaiman
Keyword(s):  
Business Unit ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Perceptions Of Fairness ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Organisational Values ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Corporate Level

Purpose To identify, develop and retain talent, an important first step is to ensure that key stakeholders in the talent management (TM) process have a shared view of what is meant by talent within the organisation. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise how talent is defined in the context of the hospitality industry and to examine the degree of (mis)alignment among corporate and business unit leaders. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a qualitative approach consisting of 73 interviews with stakeholders at corporate and business unit levels in three multinational hotel corporations. In addition, documents were collected and analysed to support the interview data. Findings Each organisation had a formal approach to conceptualising talent at a corporate level. Both inclusive and exclusive views on talent as well as a broad set of characteristics that make up talent were reported with the importance of organisational values being prominent. However, despite formal global policies being in place, considerable divergence in practice was found across organisational levels. Practical implications A lack of clarity on what talent means in an organisational setting may lead to an inconsistent talent identification process which may lead to negative perceptions of fairness among employees. This may, in turn, bring about disgruntled employees and increased turnover. Originality/value This paper provides empirical evidence to the limited body of knowledge on the conceptualisation of talent. The display of organisational values emerged as important to being labelled talent, a factor that has received scant consideration in the literature.

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