Never have a crisis like COVID-19

Current circumstances caused by COVID-19 pandemic pose a unique challenge to businesses. How could businesses survive? What strategic options do businesses have when they effectively engage such a challenge? Delving into the inquiry, we explore and investigate different strategic approaches to measure their effectiveness. For the study’s explorative and investigative purposes, our investigation involves a set of tests at both business and corporate levels. Using 224 responses from the leaders and key individuals of Korean startups, we tested the effectiveness of strategic options using the notion of ambidexterity and alliances, and mergers and acquisitions. Using the ambidexterity lens, we found exploitation and exploration indirectly affect firm performances and are still effective under COVID-19. We also found “reinforcing the relationship with existing alliances,” a corporate-level approach, to be effective.

A Case Study of ICT Convergence in Beauty Industry under the Fourth Industrial Revolution

In this study, core technologies applied to the beauty industry (hair, makeup, skin care, nail) in the era of the 4th industrial revolution and the transition of industrial paradigm of literature review was performed. Based on this, analysis and prediction of future trends were performed through case analysis of ICT convergence applied to the beauty industry. As a result, it could be confirmed that these core technologies are progressing in the direction of improving the value of the services provided in the past through convergence. Therefore, it was possible to confirm through case analysis that the direction of the beauty industry was changing from the existing functionoriented professional service concept to customer-centered personalization, prediction, prevention, and participation. This study expands the scope of research on convergence with core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution at the conventional corporate level and expands it to the beauty industry to analyze the future through convergence with core technologies from the beauty business perspective. There are implications for predicting the direction of In addition, by categorizing the beauty industry into four types (hair, makeup, skin care, and nail), specific future directions for each sub-area are presented, thereby presenting practical implications that can be immediately applied to the workplace.

STATE INDUSTRIAL POLICY SECTORAL, REGIONAL, CORPORATE ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION

The increasing importance of the sectoral aspects of the implementation of the state industrial policy is characterized. The analysis of a number of existing state programs in the industrial sphere is given. The main shortcomings of sectoral strategic planning documents are systematized; relevant recommendations are outlined. The features of the implementation of industrial policy at the macro level at the regional level are considered. Recommendations are given to ensure the consistency of federal and regional documents on industrial policy. The key risks and conditions of effective implementation of the state industrial policy at the corporate level are identified. The requirements for the content of corporate standards that take into account the requirements of the state industrial policy have been developed. Recommendations are formulated to improve the strategic planning of companies in the context of reflecting the objectives of the state industrial policy. A management algorithm for linking the objectives of industrial policy at the macro level and corporate incentive factors is proposed.

Ethics with an economic method: A new perspective on business ethics

Purpose: The purpose of this article was to review the book of Christoph Lütge and Matthias Uhl (2021) entitled Business ethics. An economically informed perspective (Oxford University Press).Design/methodology/approach: The approach followed is to give an overview of the book’s content, appraise the positive contribution followed by some critical questions for further discussions.Findings/results: The key finding is that the book, indeed, contributes to establish ethics with an economic method as a novel approach.Practical implications: Practical implications are found in both the approach to global ethics and especially to risk management design.Originality/value: The value of the book lies in its use as a handbook at a graduate level and as a guide to managers to implement corporate-level ethics.

Strategic Sustainability:the Case of the New Zealand Energy Sector

<p>This thesis takes an in-depth look at the current sustainability practices of two specific energy companies in the New Zealand energy sector to develop a framework for how they might strategically implement sustainable practices. This is done through investigating and subsequently comparing New Zealand's and Germany's sustainability practices at both government and corporate level in order to draw conclusions on how New Zealand could improve in both sectors. In addition to the framework this thesis aims to clearly outline the difficulties companies might encounter when implementing sustainable practices, and the potential payoff they can expect from it. This thesis used a multiple case-study approach in combination with a comparative study to highlight the differences between each country's government and corporate approaches to sustainability. A framework of how to best integrate sustainability into corporations was developed using an extensive literature review of sustainability topics. Interviews were conducted with two New Zealand 'cases' using interviews as the primary means of data collection. In addition to this, extensive secondary data was used for both the New Zealand and German cases as well as for government policies. The findings of this thesis were diverse. The multiple cases-studies found vast differences within the corporations' implementation policies, as well as their intentions behind integrating sustainability practices. The comparative study found notable differences between both governments' sustainability policies, demonstrating a potential to learn from one another's policy implementations. Moreover, the findings illustrated differences between the New Zealand and German energy markets and government policies, and more importantly, how that could restrict each country's potential for sustainable development. The key practical implication of this thesis is that energy companies in New Zealand can employ the developed framework as a guideline on how to integrate sustainability into their companies. Furthermore, companies can use this thesis as a reference list for sustainability issues, as this paper combines many aspects of sustainability. On an academic level this thesis may well offer new insights into sustainable practice on both government and corporate level. This thesis is a valid contribution to the field of sustainability, especially in the context of the New Zealand energy sector. Furthermore, a comparative study between New Zealand and Germany in the context of sustainability on both government and corporate level has not been done before and as such has unique value.</p>

Strategic Sustainability:the Case of the New Zealand Energy Sector

<p>This thesis takes an in-depth look at the current sustainability practices of two specific energy companies in the New Zealand energy sector to develop a framework for how they might strategically implement sustainable practices. This is done through investigating and subsequently comparing New Zealand's and Germany's sustainability practices at both government and corporate level in order to draw conclusions on how New Zealand could improve in both sectors. In addition to the framework this thesis aims to clearly outline the difficulties companies might encounter when implementing sustainable practices, and the potential payoff they can expect from it. This thesis used a multiple case-study approach in combination with a comparative study to highlight the differences between each country's government and corporate approaches to sustainability. A framework of how to best integrate sustainability into corporations was developed using an extensive literature review of sustainability topics. Interviews were conducted with two New Zealand 'cases' using interviews as the primary means of data collection. In addition to this, extensive secondary data was used for both the New Zealand and German cases as well as for government policies. The findings of this thesis were diverse. The multiple cases-studies found vast differences within the corporations' implementation policies, as well as their intentions behind integrating sustainability practices. The comparative study found notable differences between both governments' sustainability policies, demonstrating a potential to learn from one another's policy implementations. Moreover, the findings illustrated differences between the New Zealand and German energy markets and government policies, and more importantly, how that could restrict each country's potential for sustainable development. The key practical implication of this thesis is that energy companies in New Zealand can employ the developed framework as a guideline on how to integrate sustainability into their companies. Furthermore, companies can use this thesis as a reference list for sustainability issues, as this paper combines many aspects of sustainability. On an academic level this thesis may well offer new insights into sustainable practice on both government and corporate level. This thesis is a valid contribution to the field of sustainability, especially in the context of the New Zealand energy sector. Furthermore, a comparative study between New Zealand and Germany in the context of sustainability on both government and corporate level has not been done before and as such has unique value.</p>

How Does Green Credit Policy Affect Total Factor Productivity at the Corporate Level in China: The Mediating Role of Debt Financing and the Moderating Role of Financial Mismatch

Taking the “Green Credit Guidelines” issued in 2012 as a quasi-natural experiment and employing the A-share listed enterprises scanning from 2008 to 2020 as the research sample, this study has investigated the impact of green credit policy on total factor productivity at the corporate level in China, with the consideration of the mediating role of debt financing and the moderating role of financial mismatch. The findings are as follows: (1) green credit policy has effectively and directly promoted total factor productivity at the corporate level in China; (2) the mediating role of debt financing is merely supported for the full sample and the state-owned sample; (3) the moderating role of financial mismatch is merely established via codirectionally moderating the negative impact of green credit policy on debt financing for the full sample and the eastern sample; (4) the non-state-owned enterprises’ dilemma of difficult and expensive debt financing is proved. The conclusions and policy implementations are provided in the last section to highlight the practical and theoretical significance of this study.

Sustainable development in marketing strategy

Marketing strategy is an important part of every business strategy because it is crucial in attaining marketing goals and to grant the overall success of a company. Broadly speaking, marketing strategy allows to define the long-term marketing goals of a firm and what needs to be done in order to achieve these goals. This provides a set of planned steps to bring the marketing mix into the desired state to achieve the overall business goal. In this sense, the marketing strategy is never created independently based on the corporate level strategy. Marketing management has evolved over the past decade to become customer-cantered, and it continues to change along with consumers. It is not surprising that the concept of sustainable development (SD) has left its footprints on marketing strategy, as today it has strong impact on the consumer’s mind and behaviour. Managers face the challenge of incorporating the main dimensions of sustainability into the marketing strategy—environmental, social and economic aspects. The main goal of this chapter is to explain how SD is integrated with marketing.

Sustainable development and corporate social responsibility – organisation level

Sustainable development and CSR are included in the strategies of most companies. To learn more what companies do for the environment and society—usually, one can visit their websites and read about their SD or CSR activities in reports. However—the quality of such reports differs—from minimum information to very deep immersion into explaining to stakeholders how an organisation understands its role in society. The aim of this chapter is to explain how sustainable development (SD) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) influence corporate strategy, both on a corporate level—mission, vision and its goals, and functional areas of organisation.