Relationship of Knee Motions With Static Leg Alignments and Hip Motions in Frontal and Transverse Planes During Double-Leg Landing in Healthy Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 396-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shogo Uota ◽  
Anh-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Naoko Aminaka ◽  
Yohei Shimokochi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
Chronic Knee Pain ◽  
Lower Extremity Alignment ◽  
Peak Knee

Context:Excessive knee valgus and tibial external rotation relative to the femur during weight bearing motions, such as jump-landing, reportedly increases the risk of developing chronic knee pain, such as patellofemoral pain. Excessive deviations from normal ranges of several static lower extremity alignment measures and dynamic hip motions may also increase the risks for patellofemoral pain.Objective:To determine the relationship between lower extremity alignments and hip motions to frontal and transverse plane knee motions during double-leg landings.Design:Correlational study.Setting:Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants:69 healthy, competitive athletes (27 men, 42 women; height, 166.5 ± 9.5 cm; weight, 61.3 ± 9.9 kg; age, 20.7 ± 1.0 y) participated in this study.Interventions:Prone and supine hip version, quadriceps angle, and tibiofemoral angle were measured. Frontal and transverse knee and hip angles at peak knee extensor moment during landing were calculated.Main Outcome Measures:2 separate stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted to predict frontal and transverse plane knee motions using 4 static lower extremity alignment measures and hip motions.Results:Greater hip adduction and prone hip anteversion, and lesser hip internal rotation and supine hip anteversion, were related to greater knee valgus motions (R2 = .475, P < .01). Greater hip adduction was related to greater knee external rotation (R2 = .205, P < .01).Conclusions:Some targeted static lower extremity alignments and hip motions are associated with frontal and transverse knee motions. However, stronger relationships of hip motions with knee motions than static lower extremity alignments provided evidence that improving hip movements may help improve patellofemoral pain in those with lower extremity malalignments.

scholarly journals Lower Extremity Strength and Mechanics during Jumping in Women with Patellofemoral Pain

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Willson ◽  
Irene S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Hip Abduction

Context:Lower extremity (LE) weakness might be associated with altered mechanics during weight bearing in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).Objective:To analyze LE strength, mechanics, and the association between these variables among women with and without PFPS during a simulated athletic task.Design:Case control.Setting:Motion-analysis laboratory.Subjects:20 women with PFPS and 20 healthy women.Main Outcome Measures:Peak isometric lateral trunk-flexion, hip-abduction, hip external-rotation, knee-flexion, and knee-extension strength, as well as hip- and knee-joint excursions and angular impulses during single-leg jumps.Results:PFPS subjects produced less hip-abduction, hip external-rotation, and trunk lateral-flexion force than the control group. The PFPS group also demonstrated greater hip-adduction excursion and hip-abduction impulses. The association between the strength measurements and LE mechanics was low.Conclusions:Women with PFPS demonstrate specific weaknesses and altered LE mechanics. Weakness is not, however, highly correlated with observed differences in mechanics.

Effect of Limiting Ankle-Dorsiflexion Range of Motion on Lower Extremity Kinematics and Muscle-Activation Patterns During a Squat

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Macrum ◽  
David Robert Bell ◽  
Michelle Boling ◽  
Michael Lewek ◽  
Darin Padua
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
Peak Knee

Context:Limitations in gastrocnemius/soleus flexibility that restrict ankle dorsiflexion during dynamic tasks have been reported in individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and are theorized to play a role in its development.Objective:To determine the effect of restricted ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) on lower extremity kinematics and muscle activity (EMG) during a squat. The authors hypothesized that restricted ankle-dorsiflexion ROM would alter knee kinematics and lower extremity EMG during a squat.Design:Cross-sectional.Participants:30 healthy, recreationally active individuals without a history of lower extremity injury.Interventions:Each participant performed 7 trials of a double-leg squat under 2 conditions: a nowedge condition (NW) with the foot flat on the floor and a wedge condition (W) with a 12° forefoot angle to simulate reduced plantar-flexor flexibility.Main Outcome Measures:3-dimensional hip and knee kinematics, medial knee displacement (MKD), and ankle-dorsiflexion angle. EMG of vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus lateralis (VL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and soleus (SOL). One-way repeated-measures ANOVAs were performed to determine differences between the W and NW conditions.Results:Compared with the NW condition, the wedge produced decreased peak knee flexion (P < .001, effect size [ES] = 0.81) and knee-flexion excursion (P < .001, ES = 0.82) while producing increased peak ankle dorsiflexion (P = .006, ES = 0.31), ankle-dorsiflexion excursion (P < .001, ES = 0.31), peak knee-valgus angle (P = .02, ES = 0.21), and MKD (P < .001, ES = 2.92). During the W condition, VL (P = 0.002, ES = 0.33) and VMO (P = .049, ES = 0.20) activity decreased while soleus activity increased (P = .03, ES = 0.64) compared with the NW condition. No changes were seen in hip kinematics (P > .05).Conclusions:Altering ankle-dorsiflexion starting position during a double-leg squat resulted in increased knee valgus and MKD, as well as decreased quadriceps activation and increased soleus activation. These changes are similar to those seen in people with PFP.

The Relationship Between Early-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis and Lower-Extremity Alignment, Joint Laxity, and Subjective Scores of Pain, Stiffness, and Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Charlie A. Hicks-Little ◽  
Richard D. Peindl ◽  
Tricia J. Hubbard-Turner ◽  
Mitchell L. Cordova
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Joint Laxity ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Lower Extremity Alignment ◽  
Knee Joint Laxity ◽  
And Function

Context:Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that affects an estimated 27 million Americans. Changes in lowerextremity alignment and joint laxity have been found to redistribute the medial and/or lateral loads at the joint. However, the effect that changes in anteroposterior knee-joint laxity have on lower-extremity alignment and function in individuals with knee OA remains unclear.Objective:To examine anteroposterior knee-joint laxity, lower-extremity alignment, and subjective pain, stiffness, and function scores in individuals with early-stage knee OA and matched controls and to determine if a relationship exists among these measures.Design:Case control.Setting:Sports-medicine research laboratory.Participants:18 participants with knee OA and 18 healthy matched controls.Intervention:Participants completed the Western Ontario McMaster (WOMAC) osteoarthritis questionnaire and were tested for total anteroposterior knee-joint laxity (A-P) and knee-joint alignment (ALIGN).Main Outcome Measures:WOMAC scores, A-P (mm), and ALIGN (°).Results:A significant multivariate main effect for group (Wilks’ Λ = 0.30, F7,26 = 8.58, P < .0001) was found. Knee-OA participants differed in WOMAC scores (P < .0001) but did not differ from healthy controls on ALIGN (P = .49) or total A-P (P = .66). No significant relationships were identified among main outcome measures.Conclusion:These data demonstrate that participants with early-stage knee OA had worse pain, stiffness, and functional outcome scores than the matched controls; however, ALIGN and A-P were no different. There was no association identified among participants’ subjective scores, ALIGN, or A-P measures in this study.

Three-dimensional lower extremity alignment in the weight-bearing standing position in healthy elderly subjects

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Ariumi ◽  
Takashi Sato ◽  
Koichi Kobayashi ◽  
Yoshio Koga ◽  
Go Omori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Lower Extremity Alignment ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects

scholarly journals The effects of transverse rotation angle on compression and effective lever arm of prosthetic feet during simulated stance

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J Major ◽  
David Howard ◽  
Rebecca Jones ◽  
Martin Twiste
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Plane Rotation ◽  
Lever Arm ◽  
Prosthetic Feet

Background and Aim: Unlike sagittal plane prosthesis alignment, few studies have observed the effects of transverse plane alignment on gait and prosthesis behaviour. Changes in transverse plane rotation angle will rotate the points of loading on the prosthesis during stance and may alter its mechanical behaviour. This study observed the effects of increasing the external transverse plane rotation angle, or toe-out, on foot compression and effective lever arm of three commonly prescribed prosthetic feet.Technique: The roll-over shape of a SACH, Flex and single-axis foot was measured at four external rotation angle conditions (0°, 5°, 7° and 12° relative to neutral). Differences in foot compression between conditions were measured as average distance between roll-over shapes.Discussion: Increasing the transverse plane rotation angle did not affect foot compression. However, it did affect the effective lever arm, which was maximized with the 5° condition, although differences between conditions were small.Clinical relevanceIncreasing the transverse plane rotation angle of prosthetic feet by up to 12° beyond neutral has minimal effects on their mechanical behaviour in the plane of walking progression during weight-bearing.

A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to Investigate the Effect of Whole-Body Vibration on Lower-Extremity Fatigue

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari ◽  
Soofia Naghdi ◽  
Hadi Karimi-Zarchi ◽  
Zahra Fakhari ◽  
Scott Hasson
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Context:Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a type of weight-bearing exercise used in the field of sport and rehabilitation. There is no study on the effects of WBV on muscle recovery after a fatiguing activity.Objective:To determine the effects of a single WBV session on lower-extremity fatigue.Design:Randomized controlled pilot study.Setting:University Physiotherapy Clinic.Subjects:A total of 13 healthy young men volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned into the WBV group (n = 7, mean age: 21 y) or control group (CG; n = 6, mean age: 20 y).Intervention:Subjects in the WBV group participated in a single-session WBV (30 Hz, amplitude 4 mm, 2 min) after lower-extremity fatigue.Main Outcome Measures:Peak force of quadriceps muscle, single leg hop test, and Y-test were measured before inducing muscle fatigue (T0), immediately after completing the fatigue protocol (T1), after WBV (T2), and 15 min following the application of WBV (T3). The same method was applied in the CG while the WBV machine was turned off.Results:Repeated-measure ANOVA revealed no significant differences between groups in any of the outcomes.Conclusions:The findings indicated that WBV was not effective in the recovery of lower-extremity fatigue in healthy young men.

scholarly journals Lower Extremity Joint Posture and Peak Knee Valgus Moment during Side-step Cutting Performed by Males and Females

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaiyong Jorrakate ◽  
Roongtiwa Vachalathiti ◽  
Mantana Vongsirinavarat ◽  
Siriporn Sasimontonkul
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Males And Females
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