Effect of Static Foot Alignment on Plantar-Pressure Measures During Running

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae Yong Lee ◽  
Jay Hertel
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medial Side ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foot Alignment

Context:Altered foot dynamics due to malalignment of the foot may change plantar-pressure properties, resulting in various kinds of overuse injuries.Objective:To assess the effect of foot characteristics on plantar-pressure-related measures such as maximum pressure, maximum pressure–time, and pressure–time integral underneath the medial aspect of the foot during running.Design:Cross-sectional.Setting:Laboratory. Participants: 8 men and 17 women.Main Outcome Measures:Static non-weight-bearing rear-foot and forefoot alignment and navicular drop were measured. Plantar-pressure data were collected while subjects jogged at 2.6 m/s on a treadmill. Maximum pressure, time to maximum pressure, and pressure–time integral of the medial side of the foot were extracted for data analysis. Multiple-regression analysis was used to examine the effect of arch height and rear-foot and forefoot alignment on maximum pressure and pressure–time integral in the medial side of the foot.Results:In the medial rear-foot and midfoot regions, only rear-foot alignment had a significant effect on the variance of maximum pressure and pressure–time integral. There were no significant difference effects in the medial forefoot region.Conclusion:Rear-foot alignment was found to be a significant predictor of maximum plantar pressure and pressure–time integral in the medial rear-foot and midfoot regions. This indicates that control of rear-foot alignment may help decrease plantar pressure on the medial region of the foot, which may potentially prevent injuries associated with excessive rear-foot eversion.

scholarly journals Association between the levels of physical activity and plantar pressure in 6-14-year-old children

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lovro Štefan ◽  
Mario Kasović ◽  
Martin Zvonar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
The Right

Background The main purpose of the study was to determine whether lower levels of physical activity were associated with higher plantar pressure generated under each foot. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 641 children aged 6–14 years (agemean ± SD = 9.7  ± 2.4 years; heightmean ± SD = 143.6  ± 15.3 cm, weightmean ± SD = 37.6  ± 13.4 kg; body-mass indexmean ± SD = 17.6  ± 3.2 kg/m2; 44.2% girls). We used EMED –XL pressure platform to measure force time integral, pressure-time integral, contact-time and contact area, peak plantar pressure and mean plantar pressure of the right and the left foot during the gait analysis. The level of physical activity was measured by using The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ–C). The associations were calculated by using generalized estimating equations with linear regression models. Results Lower levels of physical activity were associated with higher force- and pressure-time integrals, longer contact time and higher peak and mean plantar pressures in both feet. Conclusion Our study shows that the level of physical activity is strongly and inversely associated with plantar pressure in a sample of 6–14 year olds.

Effectiveness of the Fixtoe Device® in Plantar Pressure Reduction: A Preliminary Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ruiz-Ramos ◽  
Ángel Manuel Orejana-García ◽  
Ignacio Vives-Merino ◽  
Carmen Bravo-Llatas ◽  
José Luis Lázaro-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Metatarsal Head ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Second Metatarsal ◽  
Maximal Pressure ◽  
Taping Technique

Abstract Background: Metatarsalgia is a common foot condition. The metatarsophalangeal stabilizing taping technique described by Yu et al. has shown good clinical results as a provisional treatment in propulsive metatarsalgia. 35 The Fixtoe Device®, a novel orthopedic device, intends to simulate stabilizing tape. However, to date, there is no evidence of its effectiveness.Methods: The aim of this study was to assess plantar pressure changes using the Fixtoe Device®, in comparison with the traditional method (stabilizing tape) in a young, healthy sample thorough a cross-sectional study. Maximal pressure (Kpa) and pressure-time integral (Kpa/s) in the second metatarsal head were measured in twenty-four healthy volunteers. Registers were taken in four different conditions: barefoot, traditional stabilizing tape, Fixtoe Device® without metatarsal pad, and Fixtoe Device® with metatarsal pad. Results: Mean second metatarsal head maximal pressure and mean pressure-time integral showed statistical difference among the four analyzed conditions (p < 0.0001 in both cases). The improvement in maximal pressure and pressure-time integral obtained in each intervention also showed significance (p < 0.0001 in both cases). Comparing the improvement of the Fixtoe Device® with and without metatarsal pad with that of tape condition showed a moderate to high and moderate effect size for both peak pressure and pressure-time integral reduction.Conclusions: The Fixtoe Device® reduces median maximal pressure and median pressure-time integral under the second metatarsal head in healthy young individuals. The Fixtoe Device® shows higher effectiveness than the traditional second metatarsophalangeal joint stabilizing taping technique. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation proving the effectiveness of the recently developed Fixtoe Device® in terms of plantar pressure modification, which leads the way to its use in clinics.

Immediate Effects of Weight-Bearing Calf Stretching on Ankle Dorsiflexion Range of Motion and Plantar Pressure During Gait in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110313
Author(s):  
Noriaki Maeshige ◽  
Mikiko Uemura ◽  
Yoshikazu Hirasawa ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yoshikawa ◽  
Maiki Moriguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

High plantar pressure is a risk factor for diabetic foot ulcers, and it is known that restriction of ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) causes high plantar pressure. Stretching is a non-invasive and general means to improve ROM; however, the effect of stretching on the ROM and plantar pressure has not been clarified in patients with diabetes mellitus. We aimed to study the effects of intermittent weight-bearing stretching on ankle dorsiflexion ROM and plantar pressure during gait in patients with diabetes mellitus. Seven patients with diabetes mellitus participated, and their triceps surae was stretched using weight-bearing stretching with a stretch board. Five minutes of stretching was performed 4 times with a rest interval of 30 s. Ankle dorsiflexion ROM was measured with the knee flexed and extended. Peak pressure and pressure-time integral during gait were measured and calculated for the rearfoot, midfoot, forefoot, and total plantar surface before and after stretching. Ankle dorsiflexion ROM with the knee extended or bent increased significantly after stretching ( P < .05). Peak pressure and the pressure-time integral decreased significantly, especially in the forefoot ( P < .01), and these also decreased significantly in the total plantar surface ( P < .05). The duration of foot-flat decreased after stretching ( P < .05). Weight-bearing stretching improved ankle dorsiflexion ROM and reduced plantar pressure during gait. These results suggest that weight-bearing calf stretching may be an effective means to prevent and treat diabetic foot ulcers.

Biomechanical Response to External Biofeedback During Functional Tasks in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Torp ◽  
Abbey C. Thomas ◽  
Tricia Hubbard-Turner ◽  
Luke Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Visual Biofeedback ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Functional Task

Context Altered biomechanics displayed by individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a possible cause of recurring injuries and posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Current interventions are unable to modify aberrant biomechanics, leading to research efforts to determine if real-time external biofeedback can result in changes. Objective To determine the real-time effects of visual and auditory biofeedback on functional-task biomechanics in individuals with CAI. Design Crossover study. Setting Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Nineteen physically active adults with CAI (7 men, 12 women; age = 23.95 ± 5.52 years, height = 168.87 ± 6.94 cm, mass = 74.74 ± 15.41 kg). Intervention(s) Participants randomly performed single-limb static balance, step downs, lateral hops, and forward lunges during a baseline and 2 biofeedback conditions. Visual biofeedback was given through a crossline laser secured to the dorsum of the foot. Auditory biofeedback was given through a pressure sensor placed under the lateral foot and connected to a buzzer that elicited a noise when pressure exceeded the set threshold. Cues provided during the biofeedback conditions were used to promote proper biomechanics during each task. Main Outcome Measure(s) We measured the location of center-of-pressure (COP) data points during balance with eyes open and eyes closed for each condition. Plantar pressure in the lateral column of the foot during functional tasks was extracted. Secondary outcomes of interest were COP area and velocity, time to boundary during static balance, and additional plantar-pressure measures. Results Both biofeedback conditions reduced COP in the anterolateral quadrant while increasing COP in the posteromedial quadrant of the foot during eyes-open balance. Visual biofeedback increased lateral heel pressure and the lateral heel and midfoot pressure-time integral during hops. The auditory condition produced similar changes during the eyes-closed trials. Auditory biofeedback increased heel pressure during step downs and decreased the lateral forefoot pressure-time integral during lunges. Conclusions Real-time improvements in balance strategies were observed during both external biofeedback conditions. Visual and auditory biofeedback appeared to effectively moderate different functional-task biomechanics.

Association of Ankle Kinematics and Performance on the Y-Balance Test With Inclinometer Measurements on the Weight-Bearing-Lunge Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Hyeok Kang ◽  
Dong-Kyu Lee ◽  
Kyung-Hee Park ◽  
Jae-Seop Oh
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tape Measure ◽  
Ankle Kinematics ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Context:Ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion has often been measured in the weight-bearing condition in the clinical setting; however, little is known about the relationship between the weight-bearing-lunge test (WBLT) and both ankle kinematics and performance on dynamic postural-control tests.Objective:To examine whether ankle kinematics and performance on the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ) are correlated with results of the WBLT using an inclinometer and tape measure.Design:Cross-sectional.Setting:University motionanalysis laboratory.Participants:30 physically active participants.Interventions:None.Main Outcome Measures:The WBLT was evaluated using an inclinometer and a tape measure. The reach distances in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions on the YBT-LQ were normalized by limb length. Ankle dorsiflexion during the YBT-LQ was recorded using a 3-dimensional motion-analysis system. Simple linear regression was used to examine the relationship between the WBLT results and both ankle dorsiflexion and the normalized reach distance in each direction on the YBT-LQ.Results:The WBLT results were significantly correlated with ankle dorsiflexion in all directions on the YBT-LQ (P < .05). A strong correlation was found between the inclinometer measurement of the WBLT and ankle dorsiflexion (r = .74, r2 = .55), whereas the tape-measure results on the WBLT were moderately correlated with ankle dorsiflexion (r = .64, r2 = .40) during the anterior reach on the YBT-LQ. Only the normalized anterior reach distance was significantly correlated with the results for the inclinometer (r = .68, r2 = .46) and the tape measure (r = .64, r2 = .41) on the WBLT.Conclusions:Inclinometer measurements on the WBLT can be an appropriate tool for predicting the amount of ankle dorsiflexion during the YBT-LQ. Furthermore, WBLT should be measured in those who demonstrate poor dynamic balance.

Effect of Orthotic Therapy on Claw Toe Loading

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny J. Claisse ◽  
Jodi Binning ◽  
Julia Potter
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Metatarsal Head ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Second Metatarsal ◽  
Plantar Pressure Measurement ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
Toe Deformity

This study demonstrates the effect of orthotic therapy for toe deformity on toe and metatarsal head pressures using a new analysis method facilitated by an in-shoe pressure-measurement system’s ability to export detailed data. Plantar pressure–time integrals in 11 individuals (22 feet) with claw deformity of the lesser toes were measured with and without toe props. Differences in pressure–time integrals at every individual sensor unit were then calculated for the two conditions, and significance was tested using the paired t-test. Plantar surface charts with contours of equal significant pressure–time integral change showed significant reduction under 17 second toes (77%), 22 third toes (100%), 15 fourth toes (68%), 13 second metatarsal heads (59%), 16 third metatarsal heads (73%), and 16 fourth metatarsal heads (73%). All 22 feet showed increases under the prop in the area of the third toe sulcus. This innovative approach to plantar pressure analysis could improve access to data that show significant pressure–time integral changes and, therefore, could advance the clinical application of plantar pressure measurement. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 94(3): 246–254, 2004)

scholarly journals Influence of BMI on foot posture alignment in resting gait of secondary school children in Lagos metropolis aged 10 to 18 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin O. Mbaka ◽  
Mario Adelaja
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Foot Alignment

The study was to determine the influence of BMI on foot posture alignment in the resting gait of secondary school children. A localized, two-stage, stratified, cross-sectional, and descriptive survey was carried out in 10 secondary schools involving a sample secondary student population of 518 students, 235 males, and 283 females. The result shows that there was a statistically significant association (X2=32.4345, p=0.000) between the BMI of student’s cohort and their age. There was also a statistically significant association between different age groups and gender at p<0.046. Using the statistics of Pearson chi-square analysis, age-dependent variability of BMI (X2=32.4345, p=0.000) was established amongst the study population. The BMI of students for the varying foot alignment was not normally distributed, instead, it was skewed to the right. According to the Kruskal-Wallis H test, there was no statistically significant difference in BMI between the three age cohorts of student’s foot alignment in resting gait; Pearson chisquare, X2 (2) = 4.575, p=0.1015. The distribution of the left foot posture alignment according to the FPI scale indicates that overall, 82.13% of males and 84.40% of females showed normal foot alignment whereas 10.64% and 9.22% of male and female students respectively confirmed slight foot pronation while 7.23% of male students and 6.38% of female students showed slightly supinated feet. This study shows that BMI has no influence on FPI in resting gait. The high incidence of underweight amongst the students’ population could be a reflection of the low socioeconomic status of many families.

scholarly journals The Difference of In-Shoe Plantar Pressure Between Level Walking and Stair Walking

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011419S0026
Author(s):  
Min Gyu Kyung ◽  
Chungho Lee ◽  
Jae Hee Lee ◽  
Yoon Jae Cho ◽  
Cao Linying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Pressure Load ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Stair Descent ◽  
Level Walking ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Stair Walking ◽  
Peak Pressures

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Stair walking is one of common activities of daily living. It is more demanding than level walking and can aggravate discomfort of the foot, such as Morton’s neuroma, plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis, pressure related-ulcer, and etc. Therefore, analysis of increased pressure in specific plantar area at stair walking can be used as a risk assessment of foot discomfort and basic data in the clinical field. The purpose of this study is to analyze plantar pressure distribution and pressure patterns during gait cycle at stair walking compared to level walking. Methods: Fourty healthy male adults were recruited. Radiologic measurements and gait analysis were performed to check participants’ normality, and 35 healthy males with 20-28 years old were included. They performed level walking (18 meters walkway), stair (26 steps stair, height:16.7 cm, depth:29.8 cm) ascending, and descending in same type of running shoes. Measurements of in-shoe plantar pressure including peak pressure, pressure-time integral (PTI) were done by Pedar-X system. Only measurements of right steps were used to exclude the effect of the dominant foot. The sole was masked in 7 segments (hallux, 2nd-5th toes, medial forefoot, central forefoot, lateral forefoot, midfoot, heel region) to analyze properly. Percentages were assigned in relation to the size for each mask segment. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measure ANOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc test was done. Results: Mean peak pressures in all regions except for the midfoot were higher during level walking than stair walking. During stair descent, mean peak pressures in all the regions except for the midfoot were generally lower than other types of walking, but it was the highest in the midfoot region. Pressure time integral (PTI) in the medial and central forefoot was higher during stair descent than level walking. PTI in the central and lateral forefoot, and the midfoot was higher when stair ascending than level walking. Pressure time integral (PTI) in the heel region was the highest during level walking, followed by stair ascent, stair descent. Conclusion: The risk of aggravation of discomfort in the midfoot area increases when stair descending. The medial region of forefoot bear high pressure load during stair descent, and the lateral region of forefoot and the midfoot region bear high pressure load during stair ascent. This is the first study to show plantar pressure patterns during level and stair walking in the large healthy gender-controlled population. We recommend that patients with pressure related foot lesions in the forefoot or midfoot avoid stair walking.

Variability of plantar pressure data. A comparison of the two-step and midgait methods

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
TG McPoil ◽  
MW Cornwall ◽  
L Dupuis ◽  
M Cornwell
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Reliable Representation

The number of trials required to obtain a reliable representation of the plantar pressure pattern is an important factor in the assessment of people with insensate feet or the use of plantar pressure data as a basis for fabrication of foot orthoses. Traditionally, the midgait method has been used for the collection of pressure data, but the large number of walking trials required by this method can increase the risk of injury to the plantar surface of the insensate foot. As a result, the two-step method of plantar pressure data collection has been advocated. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the degree of variability in regional plantar pressure measurements using the midgait and two-step methods of data collection. Plantar pressure data were collected from ten volunteers (five men and five women) between the ages of 20 and 35 years in 20 trials using both data-collection protocols. The results of the study indicate that three to five walking trials are needed to obtain reliable regional peak pressure and pressure-time integral values when the two-step data-collection protocol is used. Although either method can be used for pressure data collection, one method should be used consistently when repeated assessments are required.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document