Optimization of premedication of patients with arterial hypertension and severe ventricular rhythm disturbances with Amiodarone-associated thyrotoxicosis

Introduction: The effectiveness of premedication of patients with arterial hypertension and severe ventricular rhythm disturbances against the background of Amiodarone-associated thyrotoxicosis, high anxiety and cyclothymiae disorders should be based on the pharmacological positions of the need to reduce the risk of dangerous adverse cardiovascular reactions. Materials and methods: During the research, a clinical group of 114 patients with arterial hypertension, severe ventricular arrhythmias and Amiodarone-associated type I thyrotoxicosis was formed: four subgroups were identified. In Subgroup 1 (n=22), no premedication was given. In Subgroup 2 (n=32), premedication was given with Diazepam and magnesium sulfate in a prolonged mode. In Subgroup 3 (n=30), the patients received Diazepam the day before surgery. In Subgroup 4 (n=30), premedication was given with Midazolam. A dynamic assessment of the severity of anxiety, depression, sedation and daily monitoring of blood pressure and ECG were carried out. Results and discussion: After surgery, in Subgroup 1, the level of anxiety and depression increased. In all other Subgroups, regardless of the type of premedication, the use of benzodiazepines was accompanied by a decrease in the level of anxiety after surgery. A decrease in pressure load and an increase in the stability of the parameters of systemic hemodynamics were registered in Subgroup 2 of patients, whereas in Subgroup 4 of patients, the pressure load increased while limiting the differences in blood pressure values during the day. After surgery, in Subgroup 2, cardiac rhythm disturbances were less common; in Subgroup 3, the structure of rhythmogenesis disturbances in the heart almost did not change, and in Subgroup 4, there was an unfavorable trend of an increase in the frequency of supraventricular, single and group ventricular extrasystoles. Conclusion: The prolonged premedication with long-acting benzodiazepines and magnesium preparations in patients with arterial hypertension, ventricular rhythm disturbances against the background of Amiodarone-associated thyrotoxicosis reduces the level of anxiety, as well as the risk of developing cardiovascular complications and instability of systemic hemodynamics.

Microstrip Based Pressure Sensor Antenna for Harsh Environment Applications

this paper is studied on a microstrip based pressure sensor for harsh environment applications which can sensing at a distance. A microstrip based pressure sensor for harsh environment was investigated with good results by using Rogers’s 3210 substrate material with a dielectric constant of 10.2, 1.28mm thickness and 2.4 GHz resonant frequency, and also both the patch side and the ground side are made from copper metal. The simulation of a proposed antenna was designed and tested by using HFSS software, the result of the designed antenna’s resonance frequency is inversely proportional with the displacement gap of the reflection plate and an antenna. The operating principles of this sensor, when a pressure (load) is applied on the reflection metal plate, the distance will decrease from the reflection plate and the resonant frequency will increase. Therefore, the applied pressure (load) can determined by measuring the changing resonance frequencies. Certainly, the simulation and the experimental results of performances and validates are clearly discussed.

Analysis of Expansion Joint - A Case Study

Automotive, Aerospace, Pipeline industries widely use Bellows. Different types of bellows are used in these industries. The bellows are used for contraction or expansion applications. Repeated variable pressure loading and displacement on Metallic bellows joints results in bellows failure. This paper is a comprehensive modeling and analysis of an axial type exhaust metallic bellow due to varying pressure load and circumferential and radial displacement. All analysis completed using ANSYS software considering variable pressure load and cylindrical displacement as a boundary condition and perused the consequences. Stress distribution in the conditions of Case (i) variable pressure load and Case (ii) displacement are obtained. Keywords: ANSYS, FE Bellows, Finite Element Analysis, Bellow Failures

Increased ambulatory arterial stiffness index and blood pressure load in normotensive obese patients

Objectives: It has been shown that blood pressure (BP) values measured in obese subjects are higher than the individuals with normal weight, even in normotensive limits. However, data concerning the Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index (AASI) and blood pressure load in normotensive obese subjects is lacking. This study was aimed to compare the ambulatory arterial stiffness index and blood pressure load in normotensive obese and healthy controls. Methods: One hundred normotensive obese and one hundred normal weight subjects were included in this study. All sub- jects underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index was calculated from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring records. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index was defined as one minus the regression slope of unedited 24-h diastolic on systolic blood pressures. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) load values were calculated from 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring analysis. Results: Ambulatory arterial stiffness index of the obese subjects was significantly higher than the healthy controls (0.48±0.2 vs. 0.33±0.11, p<0.001). 24-hours systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure loads were significantly higher in obese subjects. Logistic regression analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI) was an independent predictor for an abnor- mal ambulatory arterial stiffness ındex (≥0.50) (OR: 1.137, 95% CI: 0.915-1.001, p=0.004). Conclusion: Blood pressure load and ambulatory arterial stiffness index are increased in normotensive obese patients. Moreover, body mass index is an independent predictor for an abnormal ambulatory arterial stiffness index. Our results indicate that obese subjects are at higher risk for future cardiovascular events despite normal office BP levels. Keywords: Ambulatory arterial stiffness index; blood pressure load; obesity; blood pressure.

Nonlinear buckling behavior of hybrid composites with different notch types

In this study, the effect of change of notch type on non-linear buckling behavior in composite plates was investigated experimentally and numerically. The composite plate is produced by applying the vacuum infusion method using carbon and aramid hybrid woven fabric and epoxy. Primarily, in the composite plates, a circular hole in the middle, a U single edge notch and semicircle double edge notches are formed. The specimens were subjected to buckling tests, being placed on their two edges, while the others were free. Afterwards, the load displacement graphs of the plates under pressure load were obtained experimentally for the behavior before and after buckling. In the numerical study, non-linear buckling analysis was performed using the finite element method. As a result, experimental and numerical buckling behaviors were obtained in accordance with each other. Since the net cross section bearing the pressure load is equal for all notch types, an effective difference between the maximum damage loads has not been achieved. So, the variation of notch type does not change the load displacement behavior characteristics of the plates after buckling. However, due to the unsymmetrical geometry in U notched plates, an uneven change in horizontal displacements along the width of the plate was achieved. The maximum stress concentration formed around the notch increased after buckling with the increase of displacement in vertical direction.

The Relationship Between Markers Derived From Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring and Preterm Birth and Neonatal Weight in Patients With Preeclampsia

Background: In order to discern the relationship between ambulatory blood pressure monitoring-related indices and preterm birth and newborn weight in patients with preeclampsia. Methods: Sixty-seven patients with preeclampsia were included in the present study. We used logistic regression analysis to determine the relationship between blood pressure index and preterm birth risk, and to find the best threshold to predict preterm birth using an ROC curve. The relationship between the blood pressure index and neonatal weight was best described by linear regression analysis. Results: The main result are as follows. Nocturnal diastolic blood pressure load (OR =1.045, 95% Cl 1.016–1.076, P=0.002) has significant statistical association with preterm birth, but there was no statistical association between other indicators and preterm birth. Nocturnal systolic blood pressure, nocturnal systolic blood pressure load, and nocturnal diastolic blood pressure load each showed a significant negative correlation with neonatal weight. Other indicators were also negatively correlated, but these were not statistically significant. The predictive thresholds for nDBP load, as follows: for nDBP load at 73.8% a sensitivity of 0.78 and specificity of 0.70. Conclusions: In conclusion, in women with preeclampsia, elevated nDBP load has significant positive correlation with the risk of preterm birth, and nSBP, nSBP load and nDBP load has negative correlation with birth weight in newborns.Trial registration: Not applicable

Experimental investigation of sludge dewatering for single- and double-drainage conditions with a vacuum negative pressure load at the bottom

The moisture content of municipal sludge is relatively high, which increases the cost of sludge transportation and treatment. To reduce the volume of the sludge, sludge dewatering is needed. This paper proposes the theory of sludge dewatering and facilitates efficient and economical technology of sludge dewatering. Sludge dewatering tests were carried out by using homemade rapid sludge dewatering devices. There were two groups of tests with single- and double-drainage conditions, and all test runs were loaded with a negative vacuum pressure at the bottom. During the experiments, the vacuum degree and the pore water pressure in the sludge were monitored in real time. After the experiments, the data were compared and analyzed. At the initial stage, the sludge dewatering extent and the sludge dewatering velocity for double-drainage conditions were much higher than those for single-drainage conditions. The vacuum occurring for single-drainage conditions lagged behind that for double-drainage conditions in the sludge. The value of vacuum degree for single-drainage conditions was lower than that for double-drainage conditions, and the vacuum attenuation for single-drainage conditions was considerable. The excess pore water pressure for double-drainage conditions dissipated faster than that for single-drainage conditions in the sludge. The pore water pressure for single-drainage conditions at the top and middle of the sludge layer first increased and then decreased in the early loading stage, resembling the Mandel effect. Overall, with a vacuum negative pressure load at the bottom, the sludge dewatering efficiency for double-drainage conditions was much higher than that for single-drainage conditions. This study provides an experimental and theoretical basis for engineering applications in the sludge treatment industry.