Reliability of Submaximal Yo-Yo Tests in 9- to 16-Year-Old Untrained Schoolchildren

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Cristina Araújo Póvoas ◽  
Peter Krustrup ◽  
Carlo Castagna ◽  
Pedro Miguel Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Maximal Distance ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

Purpose: To examine the reliability of age-adapted submaximal Yo-Yo (Yo-Yosubmax) intermittent tests in untrained schoolchildren aged 9–16 years (n = 139; 72 boys and 67 girls) and within children with high and low percentage of body fat (%BF). Methods: Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 children’s (YYIR1C), Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 1 (YYIE1), and Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 2 (YYIE2) tests were performed 7 days apart by 9- to 11-, 12- to 13-, and 14- to 16-year-old children, respectively. Reliability was tested for Yo-Yosubmax heart rate (HRsubmax), peak HR, and maximal distance. Results: HRsubmax typical errors of measurement (TEM) in YYIR1C, YYIE1, and YYIE2 were 2.2% (1.7%–2.9%), 2.4% (1.9%–3.3%), 1.9% (1.6%–2.5%) and 2.4% (1.9%–3.3%), 2.4% (1.9%–3.2%), 1.9% (1.5%–2.4%) for girls and boys, respectively. HRsubmax intraclass correlation coefficient values were good to excellent (.62–.87) in all age groups and in schoolchildren of different %BF. TEM for HRsubmax ranged from 2.1% to 2.3% in high and low %BF groups. Maximal distance intraclass correlation coefficients were excellent and TEM values ranged from 11% to 12% in both %BF groups. HRsubmax was moderately to largely associated (r = −.46 to −.64; P < .002) with Yo-Yo maximal distance across the age groups. Conclusion: Yo-Yosubmax tests are a reliable tool providing useful and sustainable aerobic performance testing in physical education, irrespective of individual %BF.

Reliability of Corneal, Epithelial, and Stromal Thickness Mapping for a 9-mm Zone Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Krause ◽  
Niklas Mohr ◽  
Mehdi Shajari ◽  
Wolfgang J. Mayer ◽  
Siegfried Priglinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Spectral Domain ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sd Oct

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the reliability of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT; RTVue XR; Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA) for thickness mapping of the entire cornea (CT), corneal epithelium (ET). and corneal stroma (ST) over a 9-mm zone in healthy eyes. We sought to develop reference values for different age groups and elucidate potential sex- and age-dependent characteristics of corneal sublayer pachymetry maps. Methods Three consecutive SD-OCT scans were obtained in 166 healthy right eyes (mean age = 50 ± 20 years). The thickness maps contain 25 sectors over a 9-mm diameter zone. To test measurement reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficients of variation (CoV), and within-subject standard deviations (WSSD) were calculated. Results CT, ET, and ST ICCs ranged from 0.961 to 0.998, 0.896 to 0.945, and 0.955 to 0.998, respectively. CoV values for CT, ET, and ST ranged between 0.3 and 1.5%, 1.6 and 4.2%, and 0.4 and 1.7%, respectively. WSSD ranged from 6 to 41, 4 to 8, and 7 to 46 µm, respectively. A negative correlation was found between age and ET (p < 0.05) but not between age and ST or CT. No gender-related differences in CT, ET, or ST were detected. CoV of CT, ET, and ST measurements showed a positive correlation with age in 28, 64, and 28% of the sectors, respectively. Conclusion SD-OCT is a rapid and noninvasive technique that provides excellent reliability for corneal sublayer thickness measurements over a 9-mm zone. The reliability of the ET measurement seems to be negatively affected by age. Peripheral CT and global ET thin with age.

Crime and Physical Activity: Development of a Conceptual Framework and Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 818-829
Author(s):  
Christina M. Patch ◽  
Caterina G. Roman ◽  
Terry L. Conway ◽  
Ralph B. Taylor ◽  
Kavita A. Gavand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Background: A common hypothesis is that crime is a major barrier to physical activity, but research does not consistently support this assumption. This article advances research on crime-related safety and physical activity by developing a multilevel conceptual framework and reliable measures applicable across age groups. Methods: Criminologists and physical activity researchers collaborated to develop a conceptual framework. Survey development involved qualitative data collection and resulted in 155 items and 26 scales. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were computed to assess test–retest reliability in a subsample of participants (N = 176). Analyses were conducted separately by age groups. Results: Test–retest reliability for most scales (63 of 104 ICCs across 4 age groups) was “excellent” or “good” (ICC ≥ .60) and only 18 ICCs were “poor” (ICC < .40). Reliability varied by age group. Adolescents (aged 12–17 y) had ICCs above the .40 threshold for 21 of 26 scales (81%). Young adults (aged 18–39 y) and middle-aged adults (aged 40–65 y) had ICCs above .40 for 24 (92%) and 23 (88%) scales, respectively. Older adults (aged 66 y and older) had ICCs above .40 for 18 of 26 scales (69%). Conclusions: The conceptual framework and reliable measures can be used to clarify the inconclusive relationships between crime-related safety and physical activity.

Development of a Comprehensive Performance-Testing Protocol for Competitive Surfers

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Sheppard ◽  
Sophia Nimphius ◽  
Greg G. Haff ◽  
Tai T. Tran ◽  
Tania Spiteri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Testing Protocol ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Junior Group

Purpose:Appropriate and valid testing protocols for evaluating the physical performances of surfing athletes are not well refined. The purpose of this project was to develop, refine, and evaluate a testing protocol for use with elite surfers, including measures of anthropometry, strength and power, and endurance.Methods:After pilot testing and consultation with athletes, coaches, and sport scientists, a specific suite of tests was developed. Forty-four competitive junior surfers (16.2 ± 1.3 y, 166.3 ± 7.3 cm, 57.9 ± 8.5 kg) participated in this study involving a within-day repeated-measures analysis, using an elite junior group of 22 international competitors (EJG), to establish reliability of the measures. To reflect validity of the testing measures, a comparison of performance results was then undertaken between the EJG and an age-matched competitive junior group of 22 nationally competitive surfers (CJG).Results:Percent typical error of measurement (%TEM) for primary variables gained from the assessments ranged from 1.1% to 3.0%, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from .96 to .99. One-way analysis of variance revealed that the EJG had lower skinfolds (P = .005, d = 0.9) than the CJG, despite no difference in stature (P = .102) or body mass (P = .827). The EJG were faster in 15-m sprint-paddle velocity (P < .001, d = 1.3) and had higher lower-body isometric peak force (P = .04, d = 0.7) and superior endurance-paddling velocity (P = .008, d = 0.9).Conclusions:The relatively low %TEM of these tests in this population allows for high sensitivity to detect change. The results of this study suggest that competitively superior junior surfers are leaner and possess superior strength, paddling power, and paddling endurance.

Dilatation of the Bile Duct in Patients after Cholecystectomy: A Retrospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Landry ◽  
An Tang ◽  
Jessica Murphy-Lavallée ◽  
Luigi Lepanto ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Billiard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age And Sex

Purpose Retrospective assessment of impact of cholecystectomy, age, and sex on bile duct (BD) diameter. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed abdominal contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography and laboratory reports of 290 consecutive patients (119 men; mean age, 55.9 years) who presented without cholestasis to the emergency department of our institution between June 2009 and August 2010. BD diameters were measured in 3 locations, by 2 independent observers, twice, at 1-month intervals. Reproducibility and agreement were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analyses. The effects of cholecystectomy, age, and sex on BD diameter were analysed with linear mixed models. Results BD diameter inter-reader reproducibility and agreement were excellent at the level of the right hepatic artery (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.94). Sixty-one patients (21.0%) had a history of cholecystectomy. Among them, the 95th percentile of BD diameters at hepatic artery level was 7.9 mm (<50 years) and 12.3 mm (≥50 years). Among those without cholecystectomy, BD diameter was 6.2 mm (<50 years) and 7.7 mm (≥50 years). Cholecystectomy was associated with significantly larger BD diameters in both age groups ( P < .001). Older age was associated with larger BD diameters ( P = .004). Sex had no impact on BD diameter ( P = .842). Conclusion Patients after cholecystectomy may present with an enlarged BD unrelated to cholestasis. The BD diameter increases with age. Clinicians should rely on cholecystectomy status, age, and laboratory results to determine needs of further investigation.

Interobserver Reliability Using the Phonetic Level Evaluation With Severely and Profoundly Hearing-Impaired Children

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 989-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Shaw ◽  
Truman E. Coggins
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Assessment Measure ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Speech Assessment ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

This study examines whether observers reliably categorize selected speech production behaviors in hearing-impaired children. A group of experienced speech-language pathologists was trained to score the elicited imitations of 5 profoundly and 5 severely hearing-impaired subjects using the Phonetic Level Evaluation (Ling, 1976). Interrater reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Overall, the magnitude of the coefficients was found to be considerably below what would be accepted in published behavioral research. Failure to obtain acceptably high levels of reliability suggests that the Phonetic Level Evaluation may not yet be an accurate and objective speech assessment measure for hearing-impaired children.

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between the overhead press and split jerk maximum performance? Influence of sex

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110204
Author(s):  
Marcos A Soriano ◽  
G Gregory Haff ◽  
Paul Comfort ◽  
Francisco J Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Antonio Torres-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients

The aims of this study were to (I) determine the differences and relationship between the overhead press and split jerk performance in athletes involved in weightlifting training, and (II) explore the magnitude of these differences in one-repetition maximum (1RM) performances between sexes. Sixty-one men (age: 30.4 ± 6.7 years; height: 1.8 ± 0.5 m; body mass 82.5 ± 8.5 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.7 ± 3.5 yrs) and 21 women (age: 29.5 ± 5.2 yrs; height: 1.7 ± 0.5 m; body mass: 62.6 ± 5.7 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.0 ± 1.5 yrs) participated. The 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk were assessed for all participants, with the overhead press assessed on two occasions to determine between-session reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and 95% confidence intervals showed a high reliability for the overhead press ICC = 0.98 (0.97 – 0.99). A very strong correlation and significant differences were found between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances for all participants (r = 0.90 [0.93 – 0.85], 60.2 ± 18.3 kg, 95.7 ± 29.3 kg, p ≤ 0.001). Men demonstrated stronger correlations between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances (r = 0.83 [0.73-0.90], p ≤ 0.001) compared with women (r = 0.56 [0.17-0.80], p = 0.008). These results provide evidence that 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk performance are highly related, highlighting the importance of upper-limb strength in the split jerk maximum performance.

scholarly journals Patient-Reported Dysphagia in Adults with Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Translation and Validation of the Swedish Eosinophilic Esophagitis Activity Index

Dysphagia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Albinsson ◽  
Lisa Tuomi ◽  
Christine Wennerås ◽  
Helen Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Eortc Qlq

AbstractThe lack of a Swedish patient-reported outcome instrument for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has limited the assessment of the disease. The aims of the study were to translate and validate the Eosinophilic Esophagitis Activity Index (EEsAI) to Swedish and to assess the symptom severity of patients with EoE compared to a nondysphagia control group. The EEsAI was translated and adapted to a Swedish cultural context (S-EEsAI) based on international guidelines. The S-EEsAI was validated using adult Swedish patients with EoE (n = 97) and an age- and sex-matched nondysphagia control group (n = 97). All participants completed the S-EEsAI, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Oesophageal Module 18 (EORTC QLQ-OES18), and supplementary questions regarding feasibility and demographics. Reliability and validity of the S-EEsAI were evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha and Spearman correlation coefficients between the domains of the S-EEsAI and the EORTC QLQ-OES18. A test–retest analysis of 29 patients was evaluated through intraclass correlation coefficients. The S-EEsAI had sufficient reliability with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.83 and 0.85 for the “visual dysphagia question” and the “avoidance, modification and slow eating score” domains, respectively. The test–retest reliability was sufficient, with good to excellent intraclass correlation coefficients (0.60–0.89). The S-EEsAI domains showed moderate correlation to 6/10 EORTC QLQ-OES18 domains, indicating adequate validity. The patient S-EEsAI results differed significantly from those of the nondysphagia controls (p < 0.001). The S-EEsAI appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for monitoring adult patients with EoE in Sweden.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy using non-ECG-gated 15O-water PET

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Sörensen ◽  
Jonny Nordström ◽  
Tomasz Baron ◽  
Stellan Mörner ◽  
Sven-Olof Granstam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Concentric Hypertrophy ◽  
2D Echocardiography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Septal Wall Thickness

Abstract Aim To develop a method for diagnosing left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy from cardiac perfusion 15O-water positron emission tomography (PET). Methods We retrospectively pooled data from 139 subjects in four research cohorts. LV remodeling patterns ranged from normal to severe eccentric and concentric hypertrophy. 15O-water PET scans (n = 197) were performed with three different PET devices. A low-end scanner (66 scans) was used for method development, and remaining scans with newer devices for a blinded evaluation. Dynamic data were converted into parametric images of perfusable tissue fraction for semi-automatic delineation of the LV wall and calculation of LV mass (LVM) and septal wall thickness (WT). LVM and WT from PET were compared to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR, n = 47) and WT to 2D-echocardiography (2DE, n = 36). PET accuracy was tested using linear regression, Bland–Altman plots, and ROC curves. Observer reproducibility were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Results High correlations were found in the blinded analyses (r ≥ 0.87, P < 0.0001 for all). AUC for detecting increased LVM and WT (> 12 mm and > 15 mm) was ≥ 0.95 (P < 0.0001 for all). Reproducibility was excellent (ICC ≥ 0.93, P < 0.0001). Conclusion 15O-water PET might detect LV hypertrophy with high accuracy and precision.

Intersession reliability of GPS-based and accelerometer-based physical variables in small-sided games with and without the offside rule

2021 ◽  
pp. 175433712098764
Author(s):  
Igor Junio de Oliveira Custódio ◽  
Gibson Moreira Praça ◽  
Leandro Vinhas de Paula ◽  
Sarah da Glória Teles Bredt ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Physical Demands ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
High Level

This study aimed to analyze the intersession reliability of global positioning system (GPS-based) distances and accelerometer-based (acceleration) variables in small-sided soccer games (SSG) with and without the offside rule, as well as compare variables between the tasks. Twenty-four high-level U-17 soccer athletes played 3 versus 3 (plus goalkeepers) SSG in two formats (with and without the offside rule). SSG were performed on eight consecutive weeks (4 weeks for each group), twice a week. The physical demands were recorded using a GPS with an embedded triaxial accelerometer. GPS-based variables (total distance, average speed, and distances covered at different speeds) and accelerometer-based variables (Player Load™, root mean square of the acceleration recorded in each movement axis, and the root mean square of resultant acceleration) were calculated. Results showed that the inclusion of the offside rule reduced the total distance covered (large effect) and the distances covered at moderate speed zones (7–12.9 km/h – moderate effect; 13–17.9 km/h – large effect). In both SSG formats, GPS-based variables presented good to excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients – ICC > 0.62) and accelerometer-based variables presented excellent reliability (ICC values > 0.89). Based on the results of this study, the offside rule decreases the physical demand of 3 versus 3 SSG and the physical demands required in these SSG present high intersession reliability.

scholarly journals Assessment of reliability and validity of the 5-scale grading system of the point-of-care immunoassay for tear matrix metalloproteinase-9

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjeong Kim ◽  
Ja Young Oh ◽  
Seon Ha Bae ◽  
Seung Hyeun Lee ◽  
Won Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Difference

AbstractWe evaluated the reliability and validity of the 5-scale grading system to interpret the point-of-care immunoassay for tear matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9. Six observers graded red bands of photographs of the readout window in MMP-9 immunoassay kit (InflammaDry) two times with 2-week interval based on the 5-scale grading system (i.e. grade 0–4). Interobserver and intraobserver reliability were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients. The interobserver agreements were analyzed according to the severity of tear MMP-9 expression. To validate the system, a concentration calibration curve was made using MMP-9 solutions with reference concentrations, then the distribution of MMP-9 concentrations was analyzed according to the 5-scale grading system. Both intraobserver and interobserver reliability was excellent. The readout grades were significantly correlated with the quantified colorimetric densities. The interobserver variance of readout grades had no correlation with the severity of the measured densities. The band density continued to increase up to a maximal concentration (i.e. 5000 ng/mL) according to the calibration curve. The difference of grades reflected the change of MMP-9 concentrations sensitively, especially between grade 2 and 4. Together, our data indicate that the subjective 5-scale grading system in the point-of-care MMP-9 immunoassay is an easy and reliable method with acceptable accuracy.

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