Smart Golf: Preliminary Evaluation of a Simple, Yet Comprehensive, Approach to Improving and Scoring the Mental Game

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Kirschenbaum ◽  
DeDe Owens ◽  
Edmund A. O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Self Talk

Smart Golf is a comprehensive approach to improving and scoring the mental game in golf. The five components are preparation, positive focusing (positive self-monitoring), plan, apply, and react. The acronym PAR summarizes the latter three components. A simple scoring system encourages golfers to self-monitor their use of the Smart Golf approach. In this preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of the approach, five experienced golfers (M years of playing = 17.8) participated in a 4-week seminar. Process measures indicated the extent to which participants used the approach. Outcome measures included golf scores at pre- and postintervention and at a 3-month follow-up. Psychological skills were also assessed at pre- and postintervention. Process analyses revealed that participants used the approach consistently during the seminar and follow-up period. All participants improved two critical psychological skills (emotional control and positive self-talk) as well as their average scores (at postintervention) and handicaps (at follow-up).

The Effects of a Multimodal Intervention Program on Performers: II. Training the Butterflies to Fly in Formation

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheldon Hanton ◽  
Graham Jones
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Multimodal Intervention ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Self Talk

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a multimodal intervention on swimmers debilitated by anxiety. A staggered single-subject multiple-baseline across-subjects design was used over 10 competitive races for 4 swimmers. Baseline observations on cognitive and somatic anxiety “direction” (facilitative/debilitating) scores were collected for three, four, and five races for Participants 2, 3, and 4, respectively, prior to treatment. The intervention was designed based on qualitative data from Hanton and Jones’s (1999) study and included the skills of goal setting, imagery, and self-talk. These psychological skills emerged as particularly important from Hanton and Jones’s investigation as a means of maintaining facilitative interpretations of precompetition anxiety symptoms. Preintervention, all participants reported debilitating interpretations of cognitive and somatic anxiety symptoms. However, post intervention, the 3 participants who received treatment reported facilitative interpretations. Performance improvements were also evident for these swimmers. A postintervention follow-up showed that swimmers’ interpretations were still facilitative.

Teaching Sport Psychology for Now and the Future? The Psychological UNIFORM with High School Varsity Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenelle N. Gilbert ◽  
Stephanie D. Moore-Reed ◽  
Alexandra M. Clifton
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Varsity Athletes ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Soccer Team

Adolescent athletes can use psychological skills immediately after being taught, but a dearth of empirical evidence exists regarding whether these skills are maintained over time. A 12-week curriculum (i.e., UNIFORM; Gilbert, 2011) was taught to a high school varsity soccer team with three data collection points: pretest, posttest, 4-week follow-up. Use of several skills was significantly greater posttest compared with pretest as measured by the Test of Performance Strategies (Thomas, Murphy, & Hardy, 1999). Follow-up results were also salient. Relaxation, imagery, and self-talk use in practice was significantly greater than pretest at follow-up; relaxation, imagery, goal setting, and self-talk in competition showed similar results. Descriptive statistics and qualitative data triangulate these results. The UNIFORM curriculum enabled the athletes to use the skills more consistently. This study makes a contribution by measuring the skills at follow-up and providing evidence of their continued use four weeks after the curriculum’s conclusion.

Psychological Skills and Adherence to Rehabilitation after Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie B. Scherzer ◽  
Britton W. Brewer ◽  
Allen E. Cornelius ◽  
Judy L. Van Raalte ◽  
Albert J. Petitpas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Objective:To examine the relationship between self-reported use of psychological skills and rehabilitation adherence.Design:Prospective correlational design.Setting:Outpatient physical-therapy clinic specializing in sports medicine.Patients:Fifty-four patients (17 women and 37 men) undergoing rehabilitation after anterior-cruciate-ligament reconstruction.Main Outcome Measures:An abbreviated version of the Sports Injury Survey (Ievleva & Orlick, 1991) was administered approximately 5 weeks after surgery to assess use of goal setting, imagery, and positive self-talk. Four adherence measures were obtained during the remainder of rehabilitation: attendance at rehabilitation sessions, practitioner ratings of patient adherence at rehabilitation sessions, patient self-reports of home exercise completion, and patient self-reports of home cryotherapy completion.Results:Goal setting was positively associated with home exercise completion and practitioner adherence ratings. Positive self-talk was positively correlated with home exercise completion.Conclusions:Use of certain psychological skills might contribute to better adherence to sport-injury rehabilitation protocols.

scholarly journals Mental Strategies Predict Performance and Satisfaction with Performance Among Soccer Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kruk ◽  
Jan Blecharz ◽  
Monika Boberska ◽  
Karolina Zarychta ◽  
Aleksandra Luszczynska
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Predictive Role ◽  
High Level

AbstractThis study investigated the changes in mental strategies across the season and their effects on performance and satisfaction with individual performance. Data were collected three times: at the pre-season at Time 1 (T1; baseline), in the mid-season at Time 2 (T2; two-month follow-up), and at the end-of-season at Time 3 (T3; nine-month follow-up) among male soccer players (N = 97) aged 16-27. Athletes completed the questionnaires assessing the use of nine psychological strategies in competition and the level of satisfaction with individual performance. Endurance performance was measured objectively with a 300 m run. A high level of relaxation (T1) explained better 300 m run performance (T3) and a high level of self-talk explained a higher satisfaction with individual performance (T3). A rare use of distractibility and emotional control (T1) predicted a higher level of satisfaction with individual performance (T3). No predictive role of other psychological strategies was found. The use of emotional control, relaxation, and distractibility increased over the season, whereas the use of imagery and negative thinking declined. Besides the roles of self-talk, imagery, relaxation and goal-setting, the effects of distractibility and emotional control should be taken into account when considering athletes’ mental training programs.

Response to Enhanced Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in an Adolescent with Anorexia Nervosa

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity A. Cowdrey ◽  
Jennifer Davis
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Clinical Service ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Efficacious Treatment

Background: Few studies have examined the acceptability and usefulness of enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT-E) for adolescents with eating disorders (EDs). Aim: To investigate whether CBT-E was an acceptable and efficacious treatment for an adolescent presenting to a routine clinical service with an ED. Method: Daily self-monitoring records were completed during a baseline (A) and intervention (B) phase in addition to routine outcome measures. Results: There were reductions in both ED behaviours and “feeling fat”, and increases in weight after 11 CBT-E sessions. Progress was only partially maintained at 8-month follow-up. Conclusion: CBT-E may be an acceptable and useful intervention for adolescents with EDs.

scholarly journals The outcome of arthroscopic meniscal repairs: are we doing it right?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Gulamhussein ◽  
Samena Chaudhry ◽  
Keshav Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Arthroscopic Repair ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Meniscal Tears ◽  
Repeat Surgery ◽  
Repair Method

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The main aim of our study was to evaluate the outcome of arthroscopic meniscal repairs for all isolated meniscal tears.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 60 patients were included in our retrospective analysis, including all patients with isolated meniscal tears undergoing arthroscopic meniscal repairs from January to December 2015. All those patients who underwent menisectomies were excluded. Outcome measures involved location and type of tear, technique of repair, KOOS scoring system to analyse presence of post-op symptoms as well as the need for repeat surgery.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 60 patients, 46 (76.6%) had successful repairs with no post-op repeat symptoms at 6 and 12 months follow up. The remaining 14 patients (23.3%) underwent repeat surgery out of which 5 (35.7%) underwent partial menisectomies, 4 (28.6%) re-repairs, 3 (21.4%) re-repair and partial menisectomy and the remaining 2 patients, MACI procedure.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Arthroscopic repair of meniscal tears has shown to be an effective method of treating this surgical entity, meeting success rates comparable to published results. However, the gold standard repair method still needs to be identified.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Disparities After Discharge: The Association of Limited English Proficiency and Post-Discharge Patient Reported Issues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lev Malevanchik ◽  
Margaret Wheeler ◽  
Kristin Gagliardi ◽  
Leah Karliner ◽  
Sachin J. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Limited English Proficiency ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Care Transition ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Clinical Issues ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Patient Reported

AbstractBackgroundPatients with limited English proficiency (LEP) experience worse outcomes following hospital discharge. Care transition programs are common, yet little is known about the disparities in quality (process and outcome measures) experienced by patients with LEP.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study to determine the association of LEP and care transition quality at an urban, US academic hospital. We examined all adults discharge home from the hospital from May 2018 through April 2019. All patients received a multilingual, automated telephone call three days after discharge to assess and address patient-reported issues. We determined care transition quality using process measures (reach rate, time to resolve reported issue) and outcome measures (discharge instructions questions, difficulty obtaining prescriptions, medication concerns, follow up care questions, new or worsening symptoms, any other clinical issues). All results were adjusted for measured confounders; we used predicted probabilities and average marginal effect (AME) to describe associations.Results13,860 patients were included in the study; 11% had LEP. The program reached most patients regardless of LEP status but was less likely to reach patients with LEP (AME 3.3%; 95% CI, 1.4% to 5.1%). After adjustment, patients with LEP reported high rates of all measured patient-reported outcomes: discharge instruction (AME 4.8%; 95% CI, 2.7% to 6.9%), obtaining prescriptions (AME 2.9%; 95% CI, 0.6% to 5.1%), medications concerns (AME 2.3%; 95% CI, 0.0% to 4.6%), follow up questions (AME 2.8%; 95% CI, 0.3% to 5.3%), new or worsening symptoms (AME 3.2%; 95% CI, 0.7% to 5.8%), and any other clinical issues (AME 3.6%; 95% CI, 1.1% to 6.1%). When issues were identified, the association between LEP and time to resolution of an issue was statistically, but not clinically, significant.Conclusion and RelevanceAmong patients with LEP, substantial disparities exist in patient-reported post-discharge outcome measures indicating a need for better discharge processes that focus on quality and health equity. Following discharge, relatively minor disparities were observed in the processes of a care transitions program that supports non-English languages.

Scoring System for the Diagnosis of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 413-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Farouk Allam
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Due to the international spread of COVID-19, the difficulty of collecting nasopharyngeal swab specimen from all suspected patients, the costs of RT-PCR and CT, and the false negative results of RT-PCR assay in 41% of COVID-19 patients, a scoring system is needed to classify the suspected patients in order to determine the need for follow-up, home isolation, quarantine or the conduction of further investigations. A scoring system is proposed as a diagnostic tool for suspected patients. It includes Epidemiological Evidence of Exposure, Clinical Symptoms and Signs, and Investigations (if available). This scoring system is simple, could be calculated in a few minutes, and incorporates the main possible data/findings of any patient.

Skeletal and Dental Correction and Stability Following LeFort I Advancement in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate With Mild, Moderate, and Severe Maxillary Hypoplasia

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562199610
Author(s):  
Buddhathida Wangsrimongkol ◽  
Roberto L. Flores ◽  
David A. Staffenberg ◽  
Eduardo D. Rodriguez ◽  
Pradip. R. Shetye
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Maxillary Hypoplasia ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

Objective: This study evaluates skeletal and dental outcomes of LeFort I advancement surgery in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) with varying degrees of maxillary skeletal hypoplasia. Design: Retrospective study. Method: Lateral cephalograms were digitized at preoperative (T1), immediately postoperative (T2), and 1-year follow-up (T3) and compared to untreated unaffected controls. Based on the severity of cleft maxillary hypoplasia, the sample was divided into 3 groups using Wits analysis: mild: ≤0 to ≥−5 mm; moderate: <−5 to >−10 mm; and severe: ≤−10 mm. Participants: Fifty-one patients with nonsyndromic CLP with hypoplastic maxilla who met inclusion criteria. Intervention: LeFort I advancement. Main Outcome Measure: Skeletal and dental stability post-LeFort I surgery at a 1-year follow-up. Results: At T2, LeFort I surgery produced an average correction of maxillary hypoplasia by 6.4 ± 0.6, 8.1 ± 0.4, and 10.7 ± 0.8 mm in the mild, moderate, and severe groups, respectively. There was a mean relapse of 1 to 1.5 mm observed in all groups. At T3, no statistically significant differences were observed between the surgical groups and controls at angle Sella, Nasion, A point (SNA), A point, Nasion, B point (ANB), and overjet outcome measures. Conclusions: LeFort I advancement produces a stable correction in mild, moderate, and severe skeletal maxillary hypoplasia. Overcorrection is recommended in all patients with CLP to compensate for the expected postsurgical skeletal relapse.

scholarly journals Efficacy of chest X-ray in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia: comparison with computed tomography through a simplified scoring system designed for triage

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akın Çinkooğlu ◽  
Selen Bayraktaroğlu ◽  
Naim Ceylan ◽  
Recep Savaş
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Background There is no consensus on the imaging modality to be used in the diagnosis and management of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to make a comparison between computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) through a scoring system that can be beneficial to the clinicians in making the triage of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia at their initial presentation to the hospital. Results Patients with a negative CXR (30.1%) had significantly lower computed tomography score (CTS) (p < 0.001). Among the lung zones where the only infiltration pattern was ground glass opacity (GGO) on CT images, the ratio of abnormality seen on CXRs was 21.6%. The cut-off value of X-ray score (XRS) to distinguish the patients who needed intensive care at follow-up (n = 12) was 6 (AUC = 0.933, 95% CI = 0.886–0.979, 100% sensitivity, 81% specificity). Conclusions Computed tomography is more effective in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia at the initial presentation due to the ease detection of GGOs. However, a baseline CXR taken after admission to the hospital can be valuable in predicting patients to be monitored in the intensive care units.

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