scholarly journals Carbyne with finite length: The one-dimensional sp carbon

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. e1500857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bitao Pan ◽  
Jun Xiao ◽  
Jiling Li ◽  
Pu Liu ◽  
Chengxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Finite Length ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Alcohol Molecule ◽  
Laser Ablation In Liquid ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Triple Bonds ◽  
The One ◽  
Single Bonds

Carbyne is the one-dimensional allotrope of carbon composed of sp-hybridized carbon atoms. Definitive evidence for carbyne has remained elusive despite its synthesis and preparation in the laboratory. Given the remarkable technological breakthroughs offered by other allotropes of carbon, including diamond, graphite, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, interest in carbyne and its unusual potential properties remains intense. We report the first synthesis of carbyne with finite length, which is clearly composed of alternating single bonds and triple bonds, using a novel process involving laser ablation in liquid. Spectroscopic analyses confirm that the product is the structure of sp hybridization with alternating carbon-carbon single bonds and triple bonds and capped by hydrogen. We observe purple-blue fluorescence emissions from the gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of carbyne. Condensed-phase carbyne crystals have a hexagonal lattice and resemble the white crystalline powder produced by drying a carbyne solution. We also establish that the combination of gold and alcohol is crucial to carbyne formation because carbon-hydrogen bonds can be cleaved with the help of gold catalysts under the favorable thermodynamic environment provided by laser ablation in liquid and because the unique configuration of two carbon atoms in an alcohol molecule matches the elementary entity of carbyne. This laboratory synthesis of carbyne will enable the exploration of its properties and applications.

One-Dimensional Long Range Order of Autocorrelation Functions for Polyethylene Type Clusters Using the DV-Xα Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Kohjiro Kobayashi ◽  
Kosuke Suzuki ◽  
Hiroshi Sakurai
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Autocorrelation Function ◽  
Range Order ◽  
Long Range Order ◽  
Autocorrelation Functions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital ◽  
The One ◽  
Long Chain

sotropic and directional autocorrelation functions have been calculated using the DV-Xα method on polyethylene type clusters to investigate the effect of its characteristic dimensionality of the wavefunctions. Directional autocorrelation functions are calculated along the c-axis, the direction of the long chain of carbon atoms, and along an axis perpendicular to it. The analysis of the molecular orbital dependence of the autocorrelation function reveals that the long range order along the c-axis can be enhanced as increasing the length of the cluster and the orbitals near the highest occupied molecular orbital have a key role for the one-dimensional order.

The one-dimensional consolidation of columns of soil of finite length

Soil Research ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 285 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Smiles ◽  
HG Poulos
Keyword(s):  
Finite Length ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
The One

An analysis of the one-dimensional consolidation of a saturated column of soil of finite length is presented. This analysis, which is based on the theory of water movement in one-dimensional swelling systems, makes no assumptions of constancy with regard to variation of the flow parameters with variation in void ratio, and is not restricted in its application by the magnitude of the strains involved. An explanation of secondary consolidation is a consequence of the procedure.

Exploring the Multidimensional Facets of Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Aggression and Social Dominance Orientation

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Zoran Ivić ◽  
Željko Pržulj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Effective Mass ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Interchain Coupling ◽  
Large Polaron ◽  
The One

Adiabatic large polarons in anisotropic molecular crystals We study the large polaron whose motion is confined to a single chain in a system composed of the collection of parallel molecular chains embedded in threedimensional lattice. It is found that the interchain coupling has a significant impact on the large polaron characteristics. In particular, its radius is quite larger while its effective mass is considerably lighter than that estimated within the one-dimensional models. We believe that our findings should be taken into account for the proper understanding of the possible role of large polarons in the charge and energy transfer in quasi-one-dimensional substances.

Modelling Techniques in Applied Glaciology: Numerical Modelling of Avalanches

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 297-297
Author(s):  
G. Brugnot
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference Method ◽  
Transverse Velocity ◽  
Longitudinal Velocity ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Reference Grid ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

We consider the paper by Brugnot and Pochat (1981), which describes a one-dimensional model applied to a snow avalanche. The main advance made here is the introduction of the second dimension in the runout zone. Indeed, in the channelled course, we still use the one-dimensional model, but, when the avalanche spreads before stopping, we apply a (x, y) grid on the ground and six equations have to be solved: (1) for the avalanche body, one equation for continuity and two equations for momentum conservation, and (2) at the front, one equation for continuity and two equations for momentum conservation. We suppose the front to be a mobile jump, with longitudinal velocity varying more rapidly than transverse velocity.We solve these equations by a finite difference method. This involves many topological problems, due to the actual position of the front, which is defined by its intersection with the reference grid (SI, YJ). In the near future our two directions of research will be testing the code on actual avalanches and improving it by trying to make it cheaper without impairing its accuracy.

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