scholarly journals Granzyme B nanoreporter for early monitoring of tumor response to immunotherapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (40) ◽  
pp. eabc2777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Nguyen ◽  
Anujan Ramesh ◽  
Sahana Kumar ◽  
Dipika Nandi ◽  
Anthony Brouillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Granzyme B ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Response Monitoring ◽  
Noninvasive Evaluation ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Early Response Assessment

Despite recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy, accurate monitoring of its efficacy is challenging due to heterogeneous immune responses. Conventional imaging techniques lack the sensitivity and specificity for early response assessment. In this study, we designed a granzyme B (GrB) nanoreporter (GNR) that can deliver an immune checkpoint inhibitor to the tumor and track time-sensitive GrB activity as a direct way to monitor initiation of effective immune responses. Anti–programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody–conjugated GNRs inhibited PD-1/PD-L1 interactions efficiently and induced T cell–mediated GrB release that can be imaged using activatable imaging probe. GNRs enabled real-time immunotherapy response monitoring in a tumor-bearing mice model and distinguished between highly responsive and poorly responsive tumors. Furthermore, increasing doses resulted in a better response and enhanced sensitivity in poorly responsive tumors. These findings indicate that GNR has the potential to serve as a tool for sensitive and noninvasive evaluation of immunotherapy efficacy.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging during Proton Therapy Irradiation Allows for the Early Response Assessment of Pediatric Chordoma

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117
Author(s):  
Sabina Vennarini ◽  
Dante Amelio ◽  
Stefano Lorentini ◽  
Giovanna Stefania Colafati ◽  
Antonella Cacchione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Proton Therapy ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Early Response Assessment

Chordoma in pediatric patients is very rare. Proton therapy has become a gold standard in the treatment of these neoplasms, as high dose escalation can be achieved regarding the target while maximizing the sparing of the healthy tissues near the tumor. The aim of the work was to assess the evolution of morphological sequences during treatment using T1/T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the early response assessment of a classic chordoma of the skull base in a pediatric patient who had undergone surgical excision. Our results demonstrated a significant quantitative reduction in the residual nodule component adhered to the medullary bulb junction, with an almost complete recovery of normal anatomy at the end of the irradiation treatment. This was mainly shown in the T2-weighted MRI. On the other hand, the classic component of the lesion was predominantly present and located around the tooth of the axis. The occipital condyles were morphologically and dimensionally stable for the entire irradiation period. In conclusion, the application of this type of monitoring methodology, which is unusual during the administration of a proton treatment for chordoma, highlighted the unexpected early response of the disease. At the same time, it allowed the continuous assessment of the reliability of the treatment plan.

scholarly journals Early response assessment and prediction of overall survival after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphne M. V. Huizing ◽  
Else A. Aalbersberg ◽  
Michelle W. J. Versleijen ◽  
Margot E. T. Tesselaar ◽  
Iris Walraven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Peptide Receptor ◽  
Early Response Assessment

Early response assessment of re-ossification after palliative conventional radiotherapy for vertebral bone metastases

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-336
Author(s):  
Eiji Nakata ◽  
Shinsuke Sugihara ◽  
Masaaki Kataoka ◽  
Natsumi Yamashita ◽  
Takayuki Furumatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Early Response Assessment

Risk-Adapted Treatment of Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma With PET-CT

2016 ◽  
pp. e376-e385
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Lynch ◽  
Ranjana H. Advani
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Adaptive Design ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Interim Pet ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Early Response Assessment

Although patients with advanced-stage classic Hodgkin lymphoma have excellent outcomes with contemporary therapy, the outcomes of patients with refractory disease is suboptimal. Identification of these high-risk patients at diagnosis is challenging as the differences in outcomes using clinical criteria are less marked using current modern therapy. Data suggest that an interim PET-CT may be a powerful tool in risk-stratifying patients. Retrospective studies show that a negative interim PET-CT after two to four cycles of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) is predictive of favorable outcome independent of IPS score. Currently, there are several ongoing trials that aim to determine whether early-response assessment can be used to select patients who might benefit from modifications of subsequent therapy, either by intensifying or abbreviating regimens and/or omitting radiotherapy with promising early results. Longer follow-up is required to assess whether this strategy impacts overall survival (OS). Herein, we review the results of recent trials using interim PET-CT-based adaptive design in the treatment of advanced HL.

scholarly journals Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastatic to the Liver: Early Response Assessment after Intraarterial Therapy Using 3D Quantitative Tumor Enhancement Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Nima Fleckenstein ◽  
Rüdiger Egbert Schernthaner ◽  
Rafael Duran ◽  
Jae Ho Sohn ◽  
Sonia Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Early Response Assessment ◽  
Intraarterial Therapy
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