Gasoline and Diesel Oil Obtained from Natural Gas

Science ◽  
1945 ◽  
Vol 101 (2627) ◽  
pp. 12-12
Keyword(s):  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gharehghani ◽  
S. M. Mirsalim ◽  
S. A. Jazayeri

Conventional compression ignition engines can easily be converted to a dual fuel mode of operation using natural gas as main fuel and diesel oil injection as pilot to initiate the combustion. At the same time, it is possible to increase the output power by increasing the diesel oil percentage. A detailed performance and combustion characteristic analysis of a heavy duty diesel engine has been studied in dual fuel mode of operation where natural gas is used as the main fuel and diesel oil as pilot. The influence of intake pressure and temperature on knock occurrence and the effects of initial swirl ratio on heat release rate, temperature-pressure and emission levels have been investigated in this study. It is shown that an increase in the initial swirl ratio lengthens the delay period for auto-ignition and extends the combustion period while it reduces NOx. There is an optimum value of the initial swirl ratio for a certain mixture intake temperature and pressure conditions that can achieve high thermal efficiency and low NOxemissions while decreases the tendency to knock. Simultaneous increase of intake pressure and initial swirl ratio could be the solution to power loss and knock in dual fuel engine.


2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Robb Wilcox ◽  
Mark Burrows ◽  
Sujit Ghosh ◽  
Bilal M. Ayyub

The introduction of alternative fuels (other than diesel oil or gasoline) for some commercially operated marine vessels presents a problem to marine regulators and designers since accepted standards and U.S. Coast Guard policy have not been established. Establishing safe design criteria is a common problem with the introduction of new technologies, novel concepts, and complex systems. In order to determine design safety for novel marine concepts such as compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel, a formal system safety approach may be used. Risk-based technologies (RBT) provide techniques to facilitate the proactive evaluation of system safety through risk assessment, risk control, risk management, and risk communication. The proposed outfitting of a CNG fuel system on the Kings Pointer training vessel is discussed as a specific marine application of CNG fuel and an appropriate situation for applying system safety techniques.


Author(s):  
Chang-Yu Sun ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Ke-Le Yan ◽  
Sheng-Li Li ◽  
Bao-ZiPeng ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Wenming Yang ◽  
Hui An ◽  
Dezhi Zhou ◽  
Markus Kraft

In this study, dynamic ϕ–T map analysis was applied to a reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine fueled with natural gas (NG) and diesel. The combustion process of the engine was simulated by coupled kiva4-chemkin with a diesel oil surrogate (DOS) chemical mechanism. The ϕ–T maps were constructed by the mole fractions of soot and NO obtained from senkin and ϕ–T conditions from engine simulations. Five parameters, namely, NG fraction, first start of injection (SOI) timing, second SOI timing, second injection duration, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate, were varied in certain ranges individually, and the ϕ–T maps were compared and analyzed under various conditions. The results revealed how the five parameters would shift the ϕ–T conditions and influence the soot–NO contour. Among the factors, EGR rate could limit the highest temperature due to its dilute effect, hence maintaining RCCI combustion within low-temperature combustion (LTC) region. The second significant parameter is the premixed NG fraction. It could set the lowest temperature; moreover, the tendency of soot formation can be mitigated due to the lessened fuel impingement and the absence of C–C bond. Finally, the region of RCCI combustion was added to the commonly known ϕ–T map diagram.


2012 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Zi Peng ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Chang-Yu Sun ◽  
Abhijit Dandekar ◽  
Shao-Hui Guo ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Marco Altosole ◽  
Giovanni Benvenuto ◽  
Ugo Campora ◽  
Michele Laviola ◽  
Raphael Zaccone

The article shows the performance comparison between two marine engines, fuelled by natural gas and diesel oil, respectively, both belonging to the ‘Bergen’ engine series of Rolls-Royce Marine, suitable as prime movers for ship propulsion. Two different simulation codes, one for each engine, validated by means of geometrical and performance data provided by the manufacturer, have been developed to extend the comparison to the whole working area of the examined engines. Although the maximum continuous power is very similar (about 2 MW at the same rotational speed), some differences exist in size, efficiency and pollutant emissions of the two types of engines. The reasons are investigated through a specific thermodynamic analysis, aimed to explain such differences, in terms of efficiency and emissions (particularly carbon dioxide), when varying the working conditions. The analysis is carried out by comparing the respective real cycles, at the same working condition, and repeating the comparison for different engine delivered powers and rotational speeds. In addition, a study of the different modes of combustion is developed to explain the major differences found in the emissions of nitrogen oxides.


2015 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Zdzisław STELMASIAK ◽  
Jerzy LARISCH ◽  
Dariusz PIETRAS

The paper presents the results of investigations performed on a Fiat 1.3 MultiJet engine fueled with natural gas (CNG) and diesel oil. The primary aim was to determine the influence of a small additive of natural gas on the exhaust gas opacity under variable engine operating conditions. The tests were performed for the engine work points n–Mo (engine speed– torque) reproducing the NEDC cycle. The selection of the work points was carried out according to the criterion of greatest share in the NEDC homologation test, covering the entire engine field of work used in the realization of the test on a chassis dynamometer. In the tests, the authors applied different energy shares of natural gas in the range 15–35.6%. The smoke opacity was analyzed in the FSN and mass scales [mg/m3 ]. The results of the investigations may be used in the design of electronic controllers for natural gas engines and in the adaptation engines to CNG fueling.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document