High Diversity of the Viral Community from an Antarctic Lake

Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 326 (5954) ◽  
pp. 858-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lopez-Bueno ◽  
J. Tamames ◽  
D. Velazquez ◽  
A. Moya ◽  
A. Quesada ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 183-196
Author(s):  
Y Sun ◽  
J Liu ◽  
Q Yao ◽  
J Jin ◽  
X Liu ◽  
...  

Viruses are the most abundant and ubiquitous biological entities in various ecosystems, yet few investigations of viral communities in wetlands have been performed. To address this data gap, water samples from 6 wetlands were randomly collected across northeast China; viruses in the water were concentrated by sequential tangential flow filtration, and viral communities were assessed through randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) with 4 decamer oligonucleotide primers. Principal coordinate analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis of the DNA fingerprints showed that viral community compositions differed among the water samples: communities in the 2 coastal wetlands were more similar to each other than to those in the 4 freshwater wetlands. The Shannon-Weaver index (H) and evenness index (E) of the RAPD-PCR fingerprint also differed among the 6 wetlands. Mantel test revealed that the changes in viral communities in wetland water were most closely related to the water NH4+-N and inorganic C content, followed by total K, P, C and NO3--N. DNA sequence analysis of the excised bands revealed that viruses accounted for ~40% of all sequences. Among the hit viral homologs, the majority belonged to the Microviridae. Moreover, variance partitioning analysis showed that the viral community contributed 24.58% while environmental factors explained 30.56% of the bacterial community variation, indicating that the bacterial community composition was strongly affected by both viral community and water variables. This work provides an initial outline of the viral communities from different types of wetlands in northeast China and improves our understanding of the viral diversity in these ecosystems.


2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna J. Chwedorzewska

ABSTRACTThe geographic position, astronomic factors (e.g. the Earth’s maximum distance from the Sun during winter), ice cover and altitude are the main factors affecting the climate of the Antarctic, which is the coldest place on Earth. Parts of Antarctica are facing the most rapid rates of anthropogenic climate change currently seen on the planet. Climate changes are occurring throughout Antarctica, affecting three major groups of environmental variables of considerable biological significance: temperature, water, UV-B radiation.Low diversity ecosystems are expected to be more vulnerable to global changes than high diversity ecosystems


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kaczmarczyk ◽  
Felix Bauerdorf ◽  
Alexander Zink

BACKGROUND Every two years, German-speaking dermatologic specialist groups gather in Berlin to share the latest developments at Germany´s largest dermatologic conference, the Annual Meeting of the Germany Society of Dermatology (DDG). Because this conference has a lasting effect on dermatologic practice and research, understanding what is moving the specialist groups means understanding what is driving dermatology in Germany. OBJECTIVE The objective of the article is to introduce the medical scientific community to a data visualization method, which will help understand more sophisticated data analysis and processing approaches in the future. METHODS We used word network analysis to compile and visualize the information embedded in the contribution titles to the DDG Annual Meeting in 2019. We extracted words, contributing cities and inter-connections. The data was standardized, visualized using network graphs and analyzed using common network analysis parameters. RESULTS A total of 5509 words were extracted from 1150 contribution titles. The most frequently used words were “therapy”, “patients”, and “psoriasis”. The highest number of contributions came from Hamburg, Berlin and Munich. High diversity in research topics was found, as well as a well-connected research network. CONCLUSIONS Focus of the well-connected German-speaking dermatology community meeting 2019 was patient and therapy centered and lies especially on the diseases psoriasis and melanoma. Network graph analysis can provide helpful insights and help planning future congresses. It can facilitate the choice which contributors to include as imbalances become apparent. Moreover, it can help distributing the topics more evenly across the whole dermatologic spectrum.


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