scholarly journals Genomic insights into the early peopling of the Caribbean

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. eaba8697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Nägele ◽  
Cosimo Posth ◽  
Miren Iraeta Orbegozo ◽  
Yadira Chinique de Armas ◽  
Silvia Teresita Hernández Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Western Caribbean ◽  
Genome Wide Data ◽  
The Caribbean

The Caribbean was one of the last regions of the Americas to be settled by humans, but how, when, and from where they reached the islands remains unclear. We generated genome-wide data for 93 ancient Caribbean islanders dating between 3200-400 cal. BP and find evidence of at least three separate dispersals into the region, including two early dispersals into the Western Caribbean, one of which seems connected to radiation events in North America. This was followed by a later expansion from South America. We also detect genetic differences between the early settlers and the newcomers from South America with almost no evidence of admixture. Our results add to our understanding of the initial peopling of the Caribbean and the movements of Archaic Age peoples in the Americas.

Development of the Sheraton hotel chainDevelopment of the Sheraton hotel chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
Mehdi Elman oğlu Bağırov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Sheraton Hotel ◽  
Hotel Chains ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Hotel Chain ◽  
Made In

The distribution of the world's hotel chains to more and more countries is also reflected in our country, and the development of this type of chain hotels is growing day by day. Along with the development of technology, the tourism infrastructure and its key element, the hotel industry, is also developing. Today, investments are being made in a planned way to modernize the hotel business, build new hotels, and introduce new technologies and forms of service. Sheraton Hotels and Resorts is an international hotel chain owned by Marriott International. Sheraton has 446 hotels with 155,617 rooms worldwide, including locations in North America, Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Europe, the Middle East and the Caribbean. Key words: hotel chains, investment, technology, hotel business, tourism infrastructure

Further Comment on the Finds at El Jobo, Venezuela

1957 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ĭrving Rouse ◽  
José M. Cruxent
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
The Caribbean

In the recent discussion of finds of paleo-Indian type at El Jobo, Venezuela, comparisons were made with other material in the Caribbean region and in North America (Cruxent and Rouse 1956). Turning in the opposite direction, to the rest of South America, we find that the El Jobo projectile points show a rather marked resemblance to those of the Ayampitín site in central Argentina, if we may judge from the drawings published by Rex González (1952, Pl. 13). The Ayampitín points, like those of El Jobo, are predominantly leaf shaped, but with a minority of stemmed forms. The two are relatively crudely rechipped on both surfaces, finely retouched along the edges, and in some cases serrated. The Ayampitín points are of quartz; the El Jobo specimens, of quartzite.

scholarly journals A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in North and Central America and the Caribbean

PhytoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 1-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Knapp ◽  
Gloria E. Barboza ◽  
Lynn Bohs ◽  
Tiina Särkinen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Conservation Assessments ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Black Nightshades

The Morelloid Clade, also known as the black nightshades or “Maurella” (Morella), is one of the 10 major clades within the mega-diverse genusSolanumL. The clade is most species rich in the central to southern Andes, but species occur around the tropics and subtropics, some extending well into the temperate zone. Plants of the group are herbaceous or short-lived perennials, with small white or purplish white flowers, and small juicy berries. Due to the complex morphological variation and weedy nature of these plants, coupled with the large number of published synonyms (especially for European taxa), our understanding of species limits and diversity in the Morelloid Clade has lagged behind that of other major groups inSolanum. Here we provide the second in a three-part series of revisions of the morelloid solanums treating the species occurring in North and Central America and the Caribbean (for the Old World see “PhytoKeys 106”, the third part will treat species of South America). Synonymy, morphological descriptions, distribution maps, and common names and uses are provided for all 18 species occurring in this region. We treat 10 of these species as native, and eight as putatively naturalised, introduced and/or invasive in the region. We provide complete descriptions with nomenclatural details, including lecto- and neotypifications, for all species. Keys to all species occurring in the whole region and for each area within it (i.e., North America, Central America and Mexico, and the islands of the Caribbean), illustrations to aid identification both in herbaria and in the field, and distribution maps are provided. Preliminary conservation assessments are provided for all species. Details of all specimens examined are provided in three Supplementary materials sections.

scholarly journals Paleo-Eskimo genetic legacy across North America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Flegontov ◽  
N. Ezgi Altinişik ◽  
Piya Changmai ◽  
Nadin Rohland ◽  
Swapan Mallick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
North America ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Haplotype Sharing ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Data

AbstractPaleo-Eskimos were the first people to settle vast regions of the American Arctic around 5,000 years ago, and were subsequently joined and largely displaced around 1,000 years ago by ancestors of the present-day Inuit and Yupik. The genetic relationship between Paleo-Eskimos and Native American populations remains uncertain. We analyze ancient and present-day genome-wide data from the Americas and Siberia, including new data from Alaskan Iñupiat and West Siberian populations, and the first genome-wide DNA from ancient Aleutian Islanders, ancient northern Athabaskans, and a 4,250-year-old individual of the Chukotkan Ust'-Belaya culture. Employing new methods based on rare allele and haplotype sharing as well as established methods based on allele frequency correlations, we show that Paleo-Eskimo ancestry is widespread among populations who speak Na-Dene and Eskimo-Aleut languages. Using phylogenetic modelling with allele frequency correlations and rare variation, we present a comprehensive model for the complex peopling of North America.

Peronospora belbahrii (basil downy mildew).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Anne Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
First Century ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Twenty First Century

Abstract Basil downy mildew was first identified from Uganda during 1932 and 1937, resulting in significant crop losses (Hansford, 1933; Hansford, 1939). Following these original outbreaks, the disease was reported sporadically in Africa during the twentieth century: in Tanzania in 1960 (Riley, 1960), then again in Benin during 1998 (Gumedzoe et al., 1998). The disease was first identified outside of Africa in 2001, when it was reported from Switzerland (Belbahri et al., 2005). Unlike the intermittent African outbreaks of the twentieth century, the twenty-first century outbreaks of basil downy mildew are persistent, and the geographic range of P. belbahrii continues to expand. Since 2001, P. belbahrii has spread throughout Europe, North America, Asia, and parts of Africa, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. Losses incurred due to basil downy mildew in the USA alone are estimated to reach tens of millions of dollars (Wyenandt et al., 2015).

Review of the Hemiosus Sharp and Derallus Sharp of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Berosini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1369 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW EDWARD Z. SHORT ◽  
PHILLIP J. TORRES
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
New World ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
The Caribbean

Species of the New World genera Hemiosus Sharp and Derallus Sharp that occur outside continental South America are reviewed; three and five species are recorded respectively. Hemiosus selva Short, sp. n. is described from Costa Rica. Hemiosus toxillus d’Orchymont is a junior synonym of H. exilis (LeConte). A key to the genera of Berosini and the species of Derallus and Hemiosus occurring outside South America is presented with diagnostic features illustrated. New locality records are provided for all species.

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