DEVELOPMENT OF PRINCIPLES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF MOTIVATION AND INCENTIVES FOR PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITALITY ENTERPRISES

The tourism industry in Ukraine is currently actively developing. This industry meets the tourist needs of the population and is one of the important factors in the receipt of funds in the country's budget and employment. The main component of the tourism industry is the hotel industry. According to statistics, the cost of hotel services is from 30% to 50% of all tourist costs. The national market of the hotel industry of Ukraine includes international hotel chains. The analysis of the development of the hotel industry of Ukraine shows that the competitiveness of domestic hotel enterprises with European and Asian enterprises is not at the proper level. This requires increasing the efficiency of their economic activities. Therefore, to ensure efficiency, the task of the national hotel chain is to increase the competitiveness of hospitality enterprises. One of the ways to solve this problem is personnel management, including through the introduction of staff motivation. According to statistics, only 5% of staff always work in the hotel business with high efficiency. Other people need constant supervision, regular monitoring of tasks. Based on this, the hospitality companies had a small number of employees who aim at high efficiency of the entire enterprise. This is an important issue. Currently, hospitality companies use two types of motivation: - material motivation; - intangible motivation. The methods of material motivation include material rewards: - at full load of the enterprise, - at overfulfillment of the plan of sale of hotel services, - in the form of the annual premium, etc. Types of material motivation do not exclude punishment of staff, such as fines. The types of intangible motivation currently used in hospitality enterprises include: - organization of corporate holidays, - congratulations to employees on anniversaries, - introduction of additional days off, etc. Such types of motivation are used, for example, in the network of HELIOPARK Hotels & Resorts, Holiday Inn. This problem can be solved by organizing certain methods of motivation into a single system. Such a system must be adaptive.

Mapping information systems maturity: the case of the portuguese hospitality industry

Hospitality is a highly competitive market that struggles to improve its performance. The use of technology is a critical factor for more efficient performance. To understand decision-makers' perception of information systems' influence and importance in their organisations, we conduct a case study in Portugal. The objective was to assess information systems' maturity level of independent hotels and small hotel chains, mapping the level to the hotel's characteristics. In addition, this study explores the types of systems used and hoteliers' main factors, drivers, and limitations to invest in information systems' maturity. We examined 86 companies, representing a total of 195 hotels. The analysis design was done following the Network Exploitation Capability (NEC) model. We found that, generally, hoteliers consider that their companies take more advantage of technology and information systems than they really do. These findings emphasise the importance of the use of technology in hospitality performance and the lack of knowledge that hoteliers have on the subject.

Spanish Tourist Sector Sustainability: Recovery Plan, Green Jobs and Wellbeing Opportunity

This paper presents an overview on political economy and economic policies into the European Green Deal framework and the Spanish recovery plan, with special attention to the tourism sector and actual opportunities for green jobs in the Spanish tourism market. Firstly, there is a literature review, combining the scientific production with professional and institutional literature, to understand the topic development, from the former restrictive point to the wider current view. Secondly, a case study about the green jobs opportunity in the Spanish hotel industry is presented, taking into account wellbeing economics, for the renewal of the Spanish tourism industry. Methodology combines the qualitative analysis of literature and the qualitative review of the CSR reports from top Spanish hotel chains as well as the feedback of sustainability experts at the hotel industry. This paper provides valuable information to improve the sectorial recovery plan and coordinate the policymakers and the business managers and entrepreneurs.

Review of testing for foreign horse and pig DNA in meats in Croatia

Several years after the food industry scandal when horsemeat was found in products sold in Europe as beef products in 2013, Croatia began testing food for the presence of foreign protein. For the time being, these tests are not part of routine monitoring, but the result of examining the situation on the market in the city of Zagreb. Namely, in recent years, central Croatia has been trying to establish itself as a tourist destination, and Zagreb hosted hundreds of thousands of tourists from all over the world before the COVID-19 pandemic. The eating habits of the various groups that came to Zagreb were different, and the larger hotel chains recognized the seriousness of the services and sought help to ensure that the food offered was consistent with their declarations and would not conflict with religious requirements. One of these requirements was the testing for foreign proteins such as horse and pork in foods where they were not declared. Although horse and pork are safe for human consumption, they are not part of the eating habits in all countries. The Dr. Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute for Public Health introduced methods for detection of horse and pig DNA in food samples.

Problems and prospects for the development of the tourism industry in a global pandemic.

The author notes that in a global pandemic, global mobility restrictions have led to a deep crisis in international and domestic tourism. Other sectors of the economy related to tourism, such as transport, hotels, restaurants, services, etc., were also affected. Given that the tourism industry is an important component for the formation of the state budget of many countries, and for some countries - the main budget-generating industry, it is clear how important it is to find mechanisms to minimize losses caused by quarantine restrictions on mobility. Governments are trying to find ways to compensate for the loss of revenue caused by the slowdown in tourism growth, which is needed to finance public services, including in the social sphere, environmental protection, agriculture and the financial sector, and to take measures to meet debt maturities, both in the public and in the private segment. Forecasting and identifying trends for the further development of the tourism business and related sectors of the economy in a pandemic is one of the important tasks of analysts, economists, and logisticians from around the world. The measures currently proposed are aimed at reducing the rate of the global pandemic - mass vaccination of the population, regional and local lockdowns, self-isolation of tourists and various migrants, all this does not work in favor of improving the rate of tourist travel. Thus, it can be stated that the global pandemic has affected the entire tourism business - the work of operators, airlines, hotel chains, digital booking platforms, advertising in the media, so we can confidently predict a global contraction of the tourism industry for at least the next five years.

Environmental Sustainability Strategies for Smaller Companies in the Hotel Industry: Doing the Right Thing or Doing Things Right?

The connection between tourism and nature justifies the environmental concerns from tourism agents, namely global hotel chains. This paper explores the differences between smaller hotel chains and their larger global counterparts regarding environmentally sustainable practices. The research approach is qualitative, based on the analysis of 40 company websites and in-depth interviews with 18 entrepreneurs and executives. Results suggest that environmental issues are, for most companies, not a response to societal challenges (‘doing the right thing’), but a response to owners’ concerns (‘doing things right’). Hotel chains develop environmental sustainability practices, mainly for cost-reduction purposes, accommodating the owners’ demands for efficiency. Notwithstanding, there are differences according to the chain’s size. Smaller companies are less prone to adopt environmental practices and to invest in communicating them than global chains. Concerning sustainability in the hotel industry, most studies focus on specific topics and discussions. A more holistic approach to sustainability to establish a deeper understanding of sustainable business decisions in the hotel sector is scarce in the literature. This paper addresses this gap by exploring the strategic reasons behind the sustainable practices of hotel companies, namely smaller ones. Managerial implications of the results are also derived in this paper.

Linguistic-cultural Characteristics of Hotels Names in Saudi Arabia: The Case of Makkah, Madinah and Riyadh

The current study aimed to analyze and compare hotel names (HNs) in Makkah, Madinah and Riyadh to find out if they differ in their linguistic and cultural features. Results of the data analysis showed that linguistically, most HNs in the three cities consist of two-word compounds. Culturally, HNs in Makkah and Madinah are loaded with meaning and reflect the country's rich past and present Islamic cultures and heritage. Most HNs in the two holy cities contain words and phrases from the Quran (Elaf, AlFurqan); notable events in Islamic history (Al-Hijra, Al-Fath); ancient Islamic place names (AlSakifa, Ohod); use of other names of Makkah and Madinah (Bakka, Umm AlQura, Taiba); and words with spiritual connotations (Alhuda, AlEman, AlEhsan). Islamic and spiritual words are even combined with names of international hotels as in Dar Al-Eman/Dar AlTaqwa/Dar AlHijra Intercontinental. The word 'Dar' which means 'house' is added to HNs to make hotel residents feel at home in the company of other Muslim visitors. In Riyadh, HNs mostly consist of single- and two-word compounds, but none of them has an Islamic or religious denotative or connotative meaning. Rather, they reflect the local mundane Saudi culture. They utilize typical Saudi eponyms (AlMutlaq, AlGhanem); toponyms (AlYamamah, AlJanaderia). Diyafa (hospitality) and Raha (Rest) impart a sense of generosity and comfort; and AlMokhmalia, Amjad, Asala, Qasr and Royal give a sense of grandeur and prestige. Global culture is reflected in retaining the names of international hotel chains such as “Hilton, Marriott, Sheraton”; or combining a local designation with the English and French descriptors such as "Plaza, Palace Tower, Royale, Crowne, Coral” as in (AlFanar Palace, AlFahd Crown; Coral AlHamra. Results of the analysis are reported in detail.