scholarly journals Human Neural Stem Cells Induce Functional Myelination in Mice with Severe Dysmyelination

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (155) ◽  
pp. 155ra136-155ra136 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Uchida ◽  
K. Chen ◽  
M. Dohse ◽  
K. D. Hansen ◽  
J. Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells

scholarly journals mRNA-Driven Generation of Transgene-Free Neural Stem Cells from Human Urine-Derived Cells

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Jun Kang ◽  
Daryeon Son ◽  
Tae Hee Ko ◽  
Wonjun Hong ◽  
Wonjin Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells

Human neural stem cells (NSCs) hold enormous promise for neurological disorders, typically requiring their expandable and differentiable properties for regeneration of damaged neural tissues. Despite the therapeutic potential of induced NSCs (iNSCs), a major challenge for clinical feasibility is the presence of integrated transgenes in the host genome, contributing to the risk for undesired genotoxicity and tumorigenesis. Here, we describe the advanced transgene-free generation of iNSCs from human urine-derived cells (HUCs) by combining a cocktail of defined small molecules with self-replicable mRNA delivery. The established iNSCs were completely transgene-free in their cytosol and genome and further resembled human embryonic stem cell-derived NSCs in the morphology, biological characteristics, global gene expression, and potential to differentiate into functional neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Moreover, iNSC colonies were observed within eight days under optimized conditions, and no teratomas formed in vivo, implying the absence of pluripotent cells. This study proposes an approach to generate transplantable iNSCs that can be broadly applied for neurological disorders in a safe, efficient, and patient-specific manner.

scholarly journals BCOR Internal Tandem Duplication Expression in Neural Stem Cells Promotes Growth, Invasion, and Expression of PRC2 Targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3913
Author(s):  
Satoshi Nakata ◽  
Ming Yuan ◽  
Jeffrey A. Rubens ◽  
Ulf D. Kahlert ◽  
Jarek Maciaczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Tandem Duplication ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumor ◽  
Internal Tandem Duplication ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
And Migration

Central nervous system tumor with BCL6-corepressor internal tandem duplication (CNS-BCOR ITD) is a malignant entity characterized by recurrent alterations in exon 15 encoding the essential binding domain for the polycomb repressive complex (PRC). In contrast to deletion or truncating mutations seen in other tumors, BCOR expression is upregulated in CNS-BCOR ITD, and a distinct oncogenic mechanism has been suggested. However, the effects of this change on the biology of neuroepithelial cells is poorly understood. In this study, we introduced either wildtype BCOR or BCOR-ITD into human and murine neural stem cells and analyzed them with quantitative RT-PCR and RNA-sequencing, as well as growth, clonogenicity, and invasion assays. In human cells, BCOR-ITD promoted derepression of PRC2-target genes compared to wildtype BCOR. A similar effect was found in clinical specimens from previous studies. However, no growth advantage was seen in the human neural stem cells expressing BCOR-ITD, and long-term models could not be established. In the murine cells, both wildtype BCOR and BCOR-ITD overexpression affected cellular differentiation and histone methylation, but only BCOR-ITD increased cellular growth, invasion, and migration. BCOR-ITD overexpression drives transcriptional changes, possibly due to altered PRC function, and contributes to the oncogenic transformation of neural precursors.

Vertical Nanowire Electrode Array for Enhanced Neurogenesis of Human Neural Stem Cells via Intracellular Electrical Stimulation

Nano Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyoung Kwon ◽  
Jong Seung Lee ◽  
Jaejun Lee ◽  
Jukwan Na ◽  
Jaesuk Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells

scholarly journals Immunosuppressants Affect Human Neural Stem Cells In Vitro but Not in an In Vivo Model of Spinal Cord Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 731-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Sontag ◽  
Hal X. Nguyen ◽  
Noriko Kamei ◽  
Nobuko Uchida ◽  
Aileen J. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Robust Generation of Oligodendrocyte Progenitors from Human Neural Stem Cells and Engraftment in Experimental Demyelination Models in Mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e10145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Neri ◽  
Claudio Maderna ◽  
Daniela Ferrari ◽  
Chiara Cavazzin ◽  
Angelo L. Vescovi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Progenitors ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Experimental Demyelination

scholarly journals Identification of Noncanonical Wnt Receptors Required for Wnt-3a-Induced Early Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 6213-6224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Bengoa-Vergniory ◽  
Irantzu Gorroño-Etxebarria ◽  
Inmaculada López-Sánchez ◽  
Michele Marra ◽  
Pierluigi Di Chiaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Early Differentiation

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Magnetically Targeted Ferumoxide-Labeled Human Neural Stem Cells in Focal Cerebral Ischemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyeoun Song ◽  
Young-Ju Kim ◽  
Yoon-Ha Kim ◽  
Jina Roh ◽  
Eun-Cheol Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells

scholarly journals Substantial Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cells Into Motor Neurons on a Biomimetic Polyurea

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1206-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghwa Yun ◽  
Young M. Lee ◽  
Melissa R. Laughter ◽  
Curt R. Freed ◽  
Daewon Park
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells

Targeted Treatment of Experimental Spinal Cord Glioma With Dual Gene-Engineered Human Neural Stem Cells

Neurosurgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander E. Ropper ◽  
Xiang Zeng ◽  
Hariprakash Haragopal ◽  
Jamie E. Anderson ◽  
Zaid Aljuboori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Tumor Growth Rate ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells

Abstract BACKGROUND There are currently no satisfactory treatments or experimental models showing autonomic dysfunction for intramedullary spinal cord gliomas (ISCG). OBJECTIVE To develop a rat model of ISCG and investigate whether genetically engineered human neural stem cells (F3.hNSCs) could be developed into effective therapies for ISCG. METHODS Immunodeficient/Rowett Nude rats received C6 implantation of G55 human glioblastoma cells (10K/each). F3.hNSCs engineered to express either cytosine deaminase gene only (i.e., F3.CD) or dual genes of CD and thymidine kinase (i.e., F3.CD-TK) converted benign 5-fluorocytosine and ganciclovir into oncolytic 5-fluorouracil and ganciclovir-triphosphate, respectively. ISCG rats received injection of F3.CD-TK, F3.CD, or F3.CD-TK debris near the tumor epicenter 7 days after G55 seeding, followed with 5-FC (500 mg/kg/5 mL) and ganciclovir administrations (25 mg/kg/1 mL/day × 5/each repeat, intraperitoneal injection). Per humane standards for animals, loss of weight-bearing stepping in the hindlimb was used to determine post-tumor survival. Also evaluated were autonomic functions and tumor growth rate in vivo. RESULTS ISCG rats with F3.CD-TK treatment survived significantly longer (37.5 ± 4.78 days) than those receiving F3.CD (21.5 ± 1.75 days) or F3.CD-TK debris (19.3 ± 0.85 days; n = 4/group; P <.05, median rank test), with significantly improved autonomic function and reduced tumor growth rate. F3.DC-TK cells migrated diffusively into ISCG clusters to mediate oncolytic effect. CONCLUSION Dual gene-engineered human neural stem cell regimen markedly prolonged survival in a rat model that emulates somatomotor and autonomic dysfunctions of human cervical ISCG. F3.CD-TK may provide a novel approach to treating clinical ISCG.

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