scholarly journals Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Heidelberg from a Ground Turkey-Associated Outbreak in the United States in 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 3465-3466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Folster ◽  
G. Pecic ◽  
R. Rickert ◽  
J. Taylor ◽  
S. Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonellae in Commercial Ground Beef in the United States

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1892-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Bosilevac ◽  
Michael N. Guerini ◽  
Norasak Kalchayanand ◽  
Mohammad Koohmaraie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibilities ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Common Serotypes

ABSTRACT Commercially produced ground beef samples (n = 4,136) were collected from seven regions of the United States over a 24-month period (July 2005 to June 2007) and analyzed for the presence of Salmonella enterica by using methods that concurrently provided total prevalence and enumerable levels. The overall prevalence of Salmonella strains was 4.2%. Enumeration showed that 94.2% were present at levels below 2 CFU/g. Regional monthly prevalences of Salmonella strains varied from 1.8% to 6.5% but were not statistically different (P > 0.05). All Salmonella isolates were serotyped and their antibiotic susceptibilities determined and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The most common serotypes identified were Salmonella enterica serotypes Montevideo, Anatum, Muenster, and Mbandaka, with these accounting for one-half of the isolates obtained. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella was determined to be 0.6%. The most common MDR serotypes were Salmonella enterica serotypes Dublin, Reading, and Typhimurium. MDR strains had resistance to between 2 and 10 antibiotics. There were no regional differences in prevalence of MDR Salmonella. PFGE analysis revealed that indistinguishable XbaI and AvrII restriction digest patterns (RDPs) could be observed in isolates of the same serotype found in different regions and months of sampling. The RDPs of 19 Salmonella strains were compared to RDPs in the PulseNet USA database. Thirteen were indistinguishable from existing patterns, and the number of records for each ranged from 1 to 478. These data show that Salmonella prevalence in commercial ground beef is low and suggest that attempts to identify sources contributing to Salmonella in ground beef by serotype, antibiogram, and PFGE cannot be made without additional documented evidence.

scholarly journals Transmission of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Subspecies enterica 4,[5],12:i:- Sequence Type 34 between Europe and the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3034-3038
Author(s):  
Ehud Elnekave ◽  
Samuel L. Hong ◽  
Seunghyun Lim ◽  
Dave Boxrud ◽  
Albert Rovira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Salmonella enterica Serotype Newport Isolates with Decreased Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. e00653-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Campbell ◽  
K. Tagg ◽  
A. Bicknese ◽  
A. McCullough ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chromosomal Mutations ◽  
Identification And Characterization

ABSTRACT Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) causes an estimated 1.2 million illnesses, 23,000 hospitalizations, and 450 deaths each year in the United States. Decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (DSC) has historically been associated with chromosomal mutations of the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR), but plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes are increasing. To investigate DSC among Salmonella enterica serotype Newport strains, we examined 40 isolates from 1996 to 2016 with DSC. Thirty isolates (71%) contained the PMQR gene qnrB and eight isolates (19%) contained a QRDR.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of a Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Corvallis Strain Isolated from Human Blood

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. McCutchen ◽  
Madeline Galac ◽  
Curtis Kapsak ◽  
Steven H. Hinrichs ◽  
Peter C. Iwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Avian Populations ◽  
By Products

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Corvallis is commonly reported in avian populations and avian by-products. We report the draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant S. Corvallis strain (NPHL 15376). To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of this serovar isolated from human blood in the United States.

scholarly journals Diversity of Multidrug-ResistantSalmonella entericaStrains Associated with Cattle at Harvest in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1783-1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayna M. Brichta-Harhay ◽  
Terrance M. Arthur ◽  
Joseph M. Bosilevac ◽  
Norasak Kalchayanand ◽  
Steven D. Shackelford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Carcass Contamination

ABSTRACTThe prevalence and diversity of multidrug-resistant (MDR)Salmonella entericastrains associated with cattle at harvest in the United States were examined. Hides and carcasses of cattle were sampled at processing plants (n= 6) located in four geographically distant regions from July 2005 to April 2006. The mean prevalences ofSalmonellaon hides, preevisceration carcasses (immediately after hide removal), and postintervention carcasses (in the chiller and after the full complement of interventions) were 89.6%, 50.2%, and 0.8%, respectively. The values for MDRSalmonella entericastrains (defined as those resistant to two or more antimicrobials) as percentages ofSalmonellaprevalence were 16.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.3 to 25.1%; median percent prevalence, 6.9%), 11.7% (95% CI, 4.4 to 19.0%; median, 4.8%), and 0.33% (95% CI, −0.3 to 0.70%; median, 0%), respectively. In this study, 16,218Salmonellahide and carcass isolates were screened for antimicrobial resistance. Of these, 978 (6.0%) unique MDRS. entericaisolates were identified and serotyped and their XbaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles determined. The predominant MDRS. entericaserotypes observed were Newport (53.1%), Typhimurium (16.6%), and Uganda (10.9%). Differences in MDRS. entericaprevalence were detected, and PFGE analysis revealed both epidemic clusters (profiles found in plants in multiple regions/seasons) and endemic clusters (profiles observed in plants in limited regions/seasons) within several of the MDR serotypes examined. Despite these differences, multiple-hurdle processing interventions employed at all plants were found to be quite effective and decreasedSalmonellacarcass contamination by 98.4% (95% CI, 97.6 to 99.7%).

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Albert Isolates in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2774-2779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Folster ◽  
Davina Campbell ◽  
Julian Grass ◽  
Allison C. Brown ◽  
Amelia Bicknese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Resistance Plasmids

ABSTRACTSalmonella entericais one of the most common causes of bacterial foodborne illness in the United States. Although mostSalmonellainfections are self-limiting, antimicrobial treatment of invasive salmonellosis is critical. The primary antimicrobial treatment options include fluoroquinolones or extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and resistance to these antimicrobial drugs may complicate treatment. At present,S. entericais composed of more than 2,600 unique serotypes, which vary greatly in geographic prevalence, ecological niche, and the ability to cause human disease, and it is important to understand and mitigate the source of human infection, particularly when antimicrobial resistance is found. In this study, we identified and characterized 19S. entericaserotype Albert isolates collected from food animals, retail meat, and humans in the United States during 2005 to 2013. All five isolates from nonhuman sources were obtained from turkeys or ground turkey, and epidemiologic data suggest poultry consumption or live-poultry exposure as the probable source of infection.S. entericaserotype Albert also appears to be geographically localized to the midwestern United States. All 19 isolates displayed multidrug resistance, including decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. Turkeys are a likely source of multidrug-resistantS. entericaserotype Albert, and circulation of resistance plasmids, as opposed to the expansion of a single resistant strain, is playing a role. More work is needed to understand why these resistance plasmids spread and how their presence and the serotype they reside in contribute to human disease.

scholarly journals Detection of CTX-M-1 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase among ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella enterica clinical isolates of poultry

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-687
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Denagamage ◽  
Eva Wallner-Pendleton ◽  
Bhushan M. Jayarao ◽  
Lingzi Xiaoli ◽  
Edward G. Dudley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Made In

Salmonella enterica resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) conferred by cefotaximases ( blaCTX-M) is a growing concern in the United States. Among food-producing animals, poultry are a major reservoir of ESC-resistant Salmonella. A retrospective study was carried out to further characterize 38 ceftiofur-resistant clinical Salmonella enterica isolates obtained from poultry during 2007–2018. Of the isolates tested, 31 displayed resistance to ceftriaxone and harbored blaCMY-2, whereas 7 isolates demonstrated resistance or reduced susceptibility to cefepime in addition to ceftriaxone resistance. These 7 isolates displayed extended-spectrum β-lactamase activity, harbored blaCTX-M-1, and were recovered only from recent poultry diagnostic submissions made in 2011–2018 as opposed to the 31 isolates that were recovered in 2007–2018. Further characterization of the blaCTX-M-1 gene determined that it was located on conjugative IncN/ST1 and IncI1/ST87 plasmids in the isolates from commercial turkeys and broilers, respectively. These plasmids have been responsible for extensive spread of blaCTX-M-1 in livestock, poultry, and humans in Europe. Potential transfer of IncN and IncI1 plasmids and/or nontyphoidal Salmonella carrying these plasmids through the food chain, or by other means to humans, may result in treatment failures. Our study demonstrates the importance of further characterization of ceftiofur-resistant S. enterica isolates detected by veterinary diagnostic laboratories to identify the sources of blaCTX-M-1 and to mitigate the spread of ESC-resistant Salmonella in the poultry production pyramid.

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