scholarly journals In VivoTherapeutic Efficacy of Chloroquine Alone or in Combination with Primaquine against Vivax Malaria in Kolkata, West Bengal, India, and Polymorphism inpvmdr1andpvcrt-oGenes

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1246-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swagata Ganguly ◽  
Pabitra Saha ◽  
Subhasish K. Guha ◽  
Sonali Das ◽  
Dilip K. Bera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sequencing Method ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Mutation Pattern ◽  
Group B ◽  
Parasitological Response

ABSTRACTPlasmodium vivaxmalaria, though benign, has now become a matter of concern due to recent reports of life-threatening severity and development of parasite resistance to different antimalarial drugs. The magnitude of the problem is still undetermined. The present study was undertaken to determine thein vivoefficacy of chloroquine (CQ) and chloroquine plus primaquine inP. vivaxmalaria in Kolkata and polymorphisms in thepvmdr1andpvcrt-ogenes. A total of 250 patients withP. vivaxmonoinfection were recruited and randomized into two groups, A and B; treated with chloroquine and chloroquine plus primaquine, respectively; and followed up for 42 days according to the WHO protocol of 2009. Data were analyzed using per-protocol analyses. We assessed polymorphisms of thepvmdr1 and pvcrt-ogenes by a DNA-sequencing method. Out of the 250 patients recruited, 204 completed a 42-day follow-up period, 101 in group A and 103 in group B. In group A, the non-PCR-corrected efficacy of CQ was 99% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.944 to 1.00), and in group B, all cases were classified as adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR). Day 3 positivity was observed in 11 (5.3%) cases. No specific mutation pattern was recorded in thepvcrt-ogene. Eight nonsynonymous mutations were found in thepvmdr1gene, three of which were new. The Y976F mutation was not detected in any isolate. Chloroquine, either alone or in combination with primaquine, is still effective againstP. vivaxmalaria in the study area. (The study protocol was registered in CTRI [Clinical Trial Registry-India] of the Indian council of Medical Research under registration no. CTRI/2011/09/002031.)

Prognostic value of non-ischemic ring-like left ventricular scar pattern in patients with apparently idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias: a CMR imaging study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Nucifora ◽  
D Muser ◽  
S Castro ◽  
R Casado Arroyo ◽  
D Benhayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background The presence of left ventricular (LV) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) at cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been correlated to life-threatening arrhythmic events in patients with apparently idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic significance of a specific LV-LGE phenotype characterized by a subepicardial/midmyocardial “ring-like” pattern of fibrosis. Methods Out of a total of 518 consecutive patients with apparently idiopathic VAs who underwent CMR study, 79 (15%) had evidence of LV-LGE. Of these, 23 (4%) patients had LV LGE with ring-like pattern, defined as subepicardial or midmyocardial LGE involving at least 3 contiguous segments in the same slice (group A), while 56 (11%) patients had LV LGE with no ring-like pattern (group B). The remaining 439 patients had no LGE (group C). The end-point of the study was a composite SCD, resuscitated cardiac arrest and nonfatal episodes of ventricular fibrillation or documented sustained ventricular tachycardia. Results Group A patients were more frequently males compared to groups B and C (96% vs. 79% vs. 52%; p<0.01) and had more frequently a family history of SCD and/or cardiomyopathy (30% vs. 11% vs. 5%; p<0.01). All patients in Group A showed VAs with a predominant RBBB morphology vs. 38 (68%) patients in Group B and 65 (15%) in Group C (p<0.01). During a follow-up of 63±39 months, the composite outcome occurred in 13 patients (57%) in Group A vs. 11 (20%) in Group B and 2 (1%) in Group C (p<0.01). Conclusion In patients with apparently idiopathic VAs, a nonischemic LV-LGE with a ring-like pattern at CMR is associated with a high rate of malignant arrhythmic events during follow-up. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Radiosurgery and the prevention of regrowth of incompletely removed nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Picozzi ◽  
Marco Losa ◽  
Pietro Mortini ◽  
Micol Angela Valle ◽  
Alberto Franzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Surgical Debulking ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors studied the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) in the prevention of regrowth of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NPA). Methods. One hundred nineteen patients were included in this study and were divided into two groups. All patients had undergone surgery in our department and recurrent or residual adenoma was demonstrated on postoperative MR imaging. Group A consisted of 68 patients who were followed without additional treatment. Group B was composed of 51 patients who received GKS within 1 year after microsurgery. There was no significant demographic difference between the two groups. In Group B the mean margin dose was 16.5 ± 0.3 Gy (range 13–21 Gy). Fifty one and one tenth percent of patients in Group A were recurrence free at 5 years and 89.8% in Group B (p < 0.001). In Group B patients, tumor volume decreased from a baseline value of 2.4 ± 0.2 cm3 to 1.6 ± 0.2 cm3 at last follow up (p < 0.001). Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that GKS is effective in controlling growth of residual NPA for at least 5 years following initial maximal surgical debulking compared with no radiation therapy. Thus, GKS is recommended after microsurgery when visible tumor can be detected on imaging studies.

scholarly journals LASIK-induced Corneal Changes after Correction of Hyperopia with and without Application of Mitomycin-C

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehab M. Moawad ◽  
Ahmed A. Abd Elghany ◽  
Amr A. Gab-Alla ◽  
Osama M. Elbassiouny ◽  
Mohsen S. Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The study aimed to assess the role of intraoperative mitomycin-C (MMC) application during hyperopic LASIK correction (+1.00 D to +6.00 D) by examining topographic corneal changes and incidence of regression over a one-year follow-up period. Methods This comparative randomized control study included 136 eyes of 68 hyperopic patients divided into two groups; Group A included 68 eyes of 34 patients that had LASIK with the application of 0.02% MMC for 10 seconds on the stromal bed after excimer laser treatment, and group B included 68 eyes of 34 patients that had LASIK without MMC application. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), refraction, keratometry and topography were recorded at 1st week and 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months postoperation. Predictability and treatment efficacy were also recorded at the end of the follow-up period. Results Better predictability was noted in group A than in group B at the 6 month and 12 month follow-up visits, with a mean cycloplegic refraction SE of +0.5 ± 0.31 D in group A and +0.67 ± 0.39 D in group B at the 6 month visit, and +0.63 ± 0.37 D in group A and +0.89 ± 0.48 D in group B at the 12 month visit. The efficacy of the treatment at the end of the follow up period was better in group A than in group B. Group A showed fewer topographic corneal changes than group B. Conclusions Intraoperative MMC application during hyperopic LASIK achieves better predictability and efficacy and induces fewer topographic changes and lower regression rate of hyperopia during the first postoperative year. Trial registration: the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR201901543722087, on 29 January 2019.

scholarly journals Frequency of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with different risk scores for sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and cardioverter defibrilators implanted in primary prevention

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Brankovic ◽  
NN Radovanovic ◽  
N Vujadinovic ◽  
B Kircanski ◽  
V Sajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background The European Society of Cardiology’s (ESC) risk calculator for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathies (HCM) is currently a tool that facilitates the decision to implant a cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in primary prevention, but doubts still exist in everyday clinical practice. Purpose We aimed to determine the incidence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias during long-term follow-up in patients with different ESC HCM risk scores for SCD calculated on ICD implantation in primary prevention. Methods This retrospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary center among adult patients with HCM and ICD devices (ICD-VR, ICD-DR and CRT-ICD) implanted in primary prevention from January 2008 to December 2019. The patients followed up for less than one year were excluded from the analysis. Study group was divided into three subgroups, according to the ESC 5 years risk score of SCD and based on it the estimated need for ICD implantation: group A with risk &lt; 4%, where ICD is generally not indicated; group B with risk 4-6%, where ICD may be considered; group C with risk ≥6%, where ICD should be considered. Regularly, ICD was interrogated twice a year, while emergency controls were performed after delivering of ICD therapy. Follow-up data including information about sustained ventricular tachicardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) episodes were collected from patients medical records. Results In the observed period, ICD devices were implanted in 60 adult patients with HCM. Ten of them had history of sustained ventricular arrhythmias and 3 were lost to follow-up. Therefore, we analysed 47 patients (55.3% male, mean age 51.0 ± 15.7 years), 13 from group A, 12 from group B and 22 from group C. Mean follow-up period was 80.6 ± 37.9 months. During the follow-up period ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT and VF, either in monitoring or therapy zone) were recorded in one patient from group A (7.7%), in two patients from group B (16.7%) and in 7 patients from group C (31.8%). Using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, we did not find a statistically significant difference in the occurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias among the observed groups (p = 0.225). Conclusions Patients with HCM and a 5-year risk of SCD ≥ 6% calculated on ICD implantation had more frequent life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias during long-term follow-up, but not statistically significant. There should be an individual approach when deciding on the need for device implantation in all patients with HCM.

Comparison of syringopleural and syringosubarachnoid shunting in the treatment of syringomyelia in children

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Vernet ◽  
Jean-Pierre Farmer ◽  
José L. Montes
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Chiari Malformation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spina Bifida Aperta ◽  
Group A ◽  
Chiari Ii ◽  
Chiari I ◽  
Group B ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Case records from the Montreal Children's Hospital containing the diagnosis of shunted syringomyelia were retrospectively reviewed. From 1984 to 1994, 31 patients had their syrinx treated by either syringopleural (19 cases, Group A) or syringosubarachnoid (13 cases, Group B) shunting. One patient was included in both groups. Associated diagnoses included: in Group A, two cases of Chiari I and 14 of Chiari II malformations, 14 cases of shunted hydrocephalus, 13 cases of spina bifida aperta, and three cases of spina bifida occulta; Group B, four cases of Chiari I and two of Chiari II malformations, four cases of shunted hydrocephalus, two cases of spina bifida aperta, and five cases of spina bifida occulta. Eight Group A and six Group B patients had undergone prior posterior fossa decompression. Motor deficits predominated in both groups and arachnoiditis was a uniform operative finding. Neurological follow-up examinations showed 11 Group A patients improved and eight stabilized, whereas on magnetic resonance imaging, 12 cavities appeared to have collapsed, five were markedly reduced, and one had increased. One patient underwent reoperation for pleural effusions and one for shunt displacement. In Group B, one patient improved, eight stabilized, three worsened neurologically, and one was lost to follow-up review. Radiologically, one cavity appeared to have collapsed, six were significantly reduced, two were unchanged, and three had enlarged. The authors conclude that syringopleural shunting is a valuable option for controlling syringomyelia in patients without Chiari malformation or in patients who have previously undergone a craniovertebral decompression or are otherwise asymptomatic from their Chiari malformation.

Radiosurgery and the prevention of regrowth of incompletely removed nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (Special_Supplement) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Picozzi ◽  
Marco Losa ◽  
Pietro Mortini ◽  
Micol Angela Valle ◽  
Alberto Franzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Surgical Debulking ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors studied the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) in the prevention of regrowth of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NPA). Methods. One hundred nineteen patients were included in this study and were divided into two groups. All patients had undergone surgery in our department and recurrent or residual adenoma was demonstrated on postoperative MR imaging. Group A consisted of 68 patients who were followed without additional treatment. Group B was composed of 51 patients who received GKS within 1 year after microsurgery. There was no significant demographic difference between the two groups. In Group B the mean margin dose was 16.5 ± 0.3 Gy (range 13–21 Gy). Fifty one and one tenth percent of patients in Group A were recurrence free at 5 years and 89.8% in Group B (p < 0.001). In Group B patients, tumor volume decreased from a baseline value of 2.4 ± 0.2 cm3 to 1.6 ± 0.2 cm3 at last follow up (p < 0.001). Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that GKS is effective in controlling growth of residual NPA for at least 5 years following initial maximal surgical debulking compared with no radiation therapy. Thus, GKS is recommended after microsurgery when visible tumor can be detected on imaging studies.

Thyroid stimulating antibody: an index of thyroid stimulation in Graves' disease?

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Baldet ◽  
A. M. Madec ◽  
C. Papachristou ◽  
A. Stefanutti ◽  
C. Jaffiol
Keyword(s):  
Rank Test ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Standard Ml ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Group B

Abstract. Early (20 min) thyroid radio-iodine uptake (ERU) and thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSab) were determined in 27 untreated unselected patients with Graves' disease at the time of diagnosis. In 21 subjects the same tests were further performed in parallel during combined carbimazole-L-T3 therapy (mean duration of follow-up: 10.8 ± 5.8 months; mean ± sd). TSab was determined by a cAMP-human thyrocyte culture stimulation assay and expressed in μl-equivalent of a TSab standard/ml (μl-eq/ml). Before treatment, ERU, ranging from 15 to 54% of the injected dose (normal ≤ 8% dose) correlated with serum T3 (r: 0.54; P < 0.01); TSab, ranging from 6 to 85 μl-eq/ml was detected in 21/27 patients. There was a significant correlation between ERU and TSab (Spearman rank test: r: 0.57; P < 0.01). During the first months of treatment, 5 of the 21 patients sequentially studied had undetectable TSab levels throughout the study and in these patients ERU decreased by 57% of its initial value; the remaining 16 subjects were divided into two groups according to ERU changes: in group A (9 patients), initial ERU decreased by 50% or more or the absolute value became less than 20% of the dose and TSab decreased from 10.9 ± 4.8 ISP-μl-eq/ml to 5.3 ± 1.6 μl-eq/ml (P < 0.01); in group B (7 patients), the fall of ERU was less than 50% or the absolute value remained greater than 20% of the dose and TSab values remained unchanged. Furthermore, the values of ERU and TSab serially obtained during treatment varied in parallel in the 9 patients of group A, whereas in group B, TSab and ERU evolutions were discordant. These two patterns of TSab and ERU changes could not be related to any clinical or biological findings. We conclude that 1) ERU is more closely related to thyroid overstimulation than TSab in untreated patients with Graves' disease, but that there is a significant relationship between ERU and TSab values; 2) during antithyroid therapy, the TSab decrement was significantly greater in patients in whom initial ERU decreased by 50% or more or the absolute value became less than 20% of the dose than in patients with persistent high ERU levels; 3) the follow-up of these patients during antithyroid-L-T3 treatment showed two patterns of changes for ERU and TSab, parallel in some patients, discordant in others, suggesting an heterogeneity in the in vivo TSab effect from one patient to another.

scholarly journals LASIK-induced Corneal Changes after Correction of Hyperopia with and without Application of Mitomycin-C

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehab M. Moawad ◽  
Ahmed A. Abd Elghany ◽  
Amr A. Gab-Alla ◽  
Osama M. Elbassiouny ◽  
Mohsen S. Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The study aimed to assess the role of intraoperative mitomycin-C (MMC) application during hyperopic LASIK correction (+1.00 D to +6.00 D) by examining topographic corneal changes and incidence of regression over a one-year follow-up period. Methods This comparative randomized control study included 136 eyes of 68 hyperopic patients divided into two groups; Group A included 68 eyes of 34 patients that had LASIK with the application of 0.02% MMC for 10 seconds on the stromal bed after excimer laser treatment, and group B included 68 eyes of 34 patients that had LASIK without MMC application. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), refraction, keratometry and topography were recorded at 1st week and 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months postoperation. Predictability and treatment efficacy were also recorded at the end of the follow-up period. Results Better predictability was noted in group A than in group B at the 6 month and 12 month follow-up visits, with a mean cycloplegic refraction SE of +0.5 ± 0.31 D in group A and +0.67 ± 0.39 D in group B at the 6 month visit, and +0.63 ± 0.37 D in group A and +0.89 ± 0.48 D in group B at the 12 month visit. The efficacy of the treatment at the end of the follow up period was better in group A than in group B. Group A showed fewer topographic corneal changes than group B. Conclusions Intraoperative MMC application during hyperopic LASIK achieves better predictability and efficacy and induces fewer topographic changes and lower regression rate of hyperopia during the first postoperative year. Trial registration: the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR201901543722087, on 29 January 2019.

scholarly journals LASIK-induced Corneal Changes after Correction of Hyperopia with and without Application of Mitomycin-C

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehab M. Moawad ◽  
Ahmed A. Abd Elghany ◽  
Amr A. Gab-Alla ◽  
Osama M. Elbassiouny ◽  
Mohsen S. Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The study aimed to assess the role of intraoperative mitomycin-C (MMC) application during hyperopic LASIK correction (+1.00 D to +6.00 D) by examining topographic corneal changes and incidence of regression over a one-year follow-up period. Methods This comparative randomized control study included 136 eyes of 68 hyperopic patients divided into two groups; Group A included 68 eyes of 34 patients that had LASIK with the application of 0.02% MMC for 10 seconds on the stromal bed after excimer laser treatment, and group B included 68 eyes of 34 patients that had LASIK without MMC application. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), refraction, keratometry and topography were recorded at 1st week and 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months postoperation. Predictability and treatment efficacy were also recorded at the end of the follow-up period. Results Better predictability was noted in group A than in group B at the 6 month and 12 month follow-up visits, with a mean cycloplegic refraction SE of +0.5 ± 0.31 D in group A and +0.67 ± 0.39 D in group B at the 6 month visit, and +0.63 ± 0.37 D in group A and +0.89 ± 0.48 D in group B at the 12 month visit. The efficacy of the treatment at the end of the follow up period was better in group A than in group B. Group A showed fewer topographic corneal changes than group B. Conclusions Intraoperative MMC application during hyperopic LASIK achieves better predictability and efficacy and induces fewer topographic changes and lower regression rate of hyperopia during the first postoperative year. Trial registration: the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR201901543722087, on 29 January 2019.

scholarly journals In VivoGentamicin Susceptibility Test for Prevention of Bacterial Biofilms in Bone Tissue and on Implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. e01889-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Kruse Jensen ◽  
Thomas Bjarnsholt ◽  
Kasper N. Kragh ◽  
Bent Aalbæk ◽  
Nicole Lind Henriksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Strain ◽  
Group A ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to set up anin vivogentamicin susceptibility test for biofilm prevention in bone tissue and on implants. Twenty-five pigs were allocated to six groups. Pigs in group A (n= 6) were inoculated with saline. Pigs in groups B (n= 6), C (n= 3), D (n= 3), E (n= 3), and F (n= 4) were inoculated with 10 μl saline containing 104CFU ofStaphylococcus aureus. Different concentrations based on the MIC of gentamicin for the specific strain were added to the 10-μl inoculum for groups C (160× MIC), D (1,600× MIC), E (16,000× MIC), and F (160,000× MIC). The inocula were injected into a predrilled tibial implant cavity, followed by insertion of a steel implant (2 by 15 mm). The pigs were euthanized after 5 days.In vitro, all the doses used were found to be bactericidal after up to 6 h. All implant cavities of pigs inoculated with bacteria and bacteria plus 160× MIC or 1,600× MIC of gentamicin were positive forS. aureus. In animals in each of groups E (16,000× MIC) and F (160,000× MIC), 2/3 and 1/4 of the implant cavities wereS. aureuspositive, respectively. By grouping groups C and D (<10,000× MIC) and groups E and F (>10,000× MIC), a significant decrease in the number of implant-attached bacteria was seen only between the high-MIC-value group and group B. Histologically, it was demonstrated that 1,600×, 16,000×, and 160,000× MIC resulted in a peri-implant tissue reaction comparable to that in saline-inoculated animals.In vivo, the antimicrobial tolerance of the inoculated planktonic bacteria was increased byin vivo-specific factors of acute inflammation. This resulted in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation, which further increased the gentamicin tolerance. Thus, susceptibility patternsin vitromight not reflect the actualin vivosusceptibility locally within a developing infectious area.

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