scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activities of ABT-773 against 362 Clinical Isolates of Anaerobic Bacteria

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
Maria D. Appleman
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Prevotella Bivia ◽  
Bacteroides Ovatus ◽  
Fusobacterium Varium

ABSTRACT The activity of ABT-773, a novel ketolide antibiotic, against clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was determined and compared to the activities of other antimicrobial agents. MICs at which 90% of isolates were inhibited (MIC90s) were ≤0.06 μg/ml for Actinomyces spp., Clostridium perfringens, Peptostreptococcus spp.,Propionibacterium spp., and Porphyromonasspp. The MIC50s and MIC90s were ≤0.06 and >32 μg/ml, respectively, for Eubacterium spp.,Lactobacillus spp., Clostridium difficile, and Clostridium ramosum. The MIC90 for Bilophila wadsworthia,Bacteroides ureolyticus, and Campylobacter gracilis was 1 μg/ml, and that for Prevotella bivia and other Prevotella spp. was 0.5 μg/ml. The MIC90 for Fusobacterium nucleatum was 8 μg/ml, and that for Fusobacterium mortiferum and Fusobacterium varium was >32 μg/ml. The MIC90s for theBacteroides fragilis group were as follows: forB. fragilis, 8 μg/ml; for Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides ovatus,Bacteroides distasonis, and Bacteroides uniformis, >32 μg/ml; and for Bacteroides vulgatus, 4 μg/ml. Telithromycin MICs for the B. fragilis group were usually 1 to 2 dilutions higher than ABT-773 MICs. For all strains, ABT-773 was more active than erythromycin by 4 or more dilutions, and for some strains this drug was more active than clindamycin.

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activities of Torezolid (DA-7157) against Clinical Isolates of Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria in South Korea

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 5381-5386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Hwa Yum ◽  
Sung Hak Choi ◽  
Dongeun Yong ◽  
Yunsop Chong ◽  
Weon Bin Im ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
First Line ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
The World ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT Resistance of Gram-positive pathogens to first-line antimicrobial agents has been increasing in many parts of the world. We compared the in vitro activities of torezolid with those of other antimicrobial agents, including linezolid, against clinical isolates of major aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Torezolid had an MIC90 of ≤0.5 μg/ml for the Gram-positive bacterial isolates tested and was more potent than either linezolid or vancomycin.

scholarly journals The Comparison of Antibacterial Activity Between Cresophene and Garlic on Isolated of Bacteria in The Necrotic Deciduous Tooth

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Nurliana ◽  
I Bramanti ◽  
ISR Sudarso ◽  
MSH Wahyunigsih ◽  
T Wibawa
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Prevotella Bivia

Background : This study aims to compare the ability of two medicaments between cresophene and garlic on antibacterial activity of isolate deciduous necrotic teeth.Methods: In vitro test to see the antibacterial activity was carried out on the aerobic and anaerobic bacteria taken straight from the necrotic tooth of pediatric patients (aged 4-7 years old) that treated for endodontics in Pediatric Dental Clinic of RSGMUGM Prof Soedomo. Bacterial identification using the CLSI Standardized Method 2012 and Biochemical identification by Thermo Scientific Rapid System 2010 guideline. In this identification, was founded three species: Prevotella bivia, Serratia marcescens and Clostridium innocum. This test was carried out quantitative measurements to see the inhibition zone of bacterial growth. Whether cresophene has antibacterial potential test results from using an analytical descriptive test that was tabulated.Study group treated with cresophene in a well of 0.7 cm at a dose of 75 μL, garlic extract at a dose of 75 μL divided into five groups with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and garlic filtrate. Comparison of the cresophene and garlic effect conducted in vitro by looking at the inhibition zone of the bacterial growth.Results: In all groups, there are inhibitory zones. Cresophene against bacteria Prevotella bivia (54mm), Clostridium innocum (30 mm), Clostridium perfringens (26 mm), Serratia macescens (26 mm), S.mutans (54 mm), while garlic extract against bacteria Prevotella bivia, Clostridium innocum, Clostridium perfringens, S.mutansdonot show againt inhibitory, Serratia macescens (10mm, in concentration of 80 %) and garlic filtrate against bacteria Prevotella bivia (51 mm), Clostridium innocum (28 mm), Clostridium perfringens (46 mm), Serratia marcescens (31 mm), S.mutans (49 mm).Conclusion: Cresophene has a greater inhibition than garlic extract, but it is lower than garlic filtrate.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 04 October’20 Page : 287-290

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of 15 Antimicrobial Agents against 110 Toxigenic Clostridium difficile Clinical Isolates Collected from 1983 to 2004

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 2716-2719 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Hecht ◽  
Minerva A. Galang ◽  
Susan P. Sambol ◽  
James R. Osmolski ◽  
Stuart Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Agar Dilution

ABSTRACT The incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) is increasing, and standard treatment is not always effective. Therefore, more-effective antimicrobial agents and treatment strategies are needed. We used the agar dilution method to determine the in vitro susceptibility of the following antimicrobials against 110 toxigenic clinical isolates of C. difficile from 1983 to 2004, primarily from the United States: doripenem, meropenem, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, OPT-80, ramoplanin, rifalazil, rifaximin, nitazoxanide, tizoxanide, tigecycline, vancomycin, tinidazole, and metronidazole. Included among the isolates tested were six strains of the toxinotype III, NAP1/BI/027 group implicated in recent U.S., Canadian, and European outbreaks. The most active agents in vitro were rifaximin, rifalazil, tizoxanide, nitazoxanide, and OPT-80 with MICs at which 50% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC50) and MIC90 values of 0.0075 and 0.015 μg/ml, 0.0075 and 0.03 μg/ml, 0.06 and 0.125 μg/ml, 0.06 and 0.125 μg/ml, 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml, respectively. However, for three isolates the rifalazil and rifaximin MICs were very high (MIC of >256 μg/ml). Ramoplanin, vancomycin, doripenem, and meropenem were also very active in vitro with narrow MIC50 and MIC90 ranges. None of the isolates were resistant to metronidazole, the only agent for which there are breakpoints, with tinidazole showing nearly identical results. These in vitro susceptibility results are encouraging and support continued evaluation of selected antimicrobials in clinical trials of treatment for CDAD.

scholarly journals In vitro activity of Bay 12-8039, a new 8-methoxyquinolone, compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents against 390 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from human and animal bite wound skin and soft tissue infections in humans.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1552-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Goldstein ◽  
D M Citron ◽  
M Hudspeth ◽  
S Hunt Gerardo ◽  
C V Merriam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Bite Wound ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate ◽  
Prevotella Species

The in vitro activity of Bay 12-8039, a new oral 8-methoxyquinolone, was compared to the activities of 11 other oral antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, amoxicillin clavulanate, penicillin, cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, and doxycycline) against 250 aerobic and 140 anaerobic bacteria recently isolated from animal and human bite wound infections. Bay 12-8039 was active against all aerobic isolates, both gram-positive and gram-negative isolates, at < or = 1.0 microg/ml (MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited [MIC90s < or = 0.25 microg/ml) and was active against most anaerobes at < or = 0.5 microg/ml; the exceptions were Fusobacterium nucleatum and other Fusobacterium species (MIC90s, > or = 4.0 microg/ml) and one strain of Prevotella loeschii (MICs, 2.0 microg/ml). In comparison, the other quinolones tested had similar in vitro activities against the aerobic strains but were less active against the anaerobes, including peptostreptococci, Porphyromonas species, and Prevotella species. The fusobacteria were relatively resistant to all the antimicrobial agents tested except penicillin G (one penicillinase-producing strain of F. nucleatum was found) and amoxicillin clavulanate.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of MK-826 (L-749,345) against 363 Strains of Anaerobic Bacteria

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 2222-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Wexler ◽  
Denise Molitoris ◽  
Sydney M. Finegold
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

ABSTRACT The activity of MK-826 was compared to the activities of cefoxitin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, and meropenem against 363 gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobes by using NCCLS procedures. At least 98% of the strains were susceptible to the carbapenems. All strains ofClostridium perfringens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus, and Sutterella wadsworthensis were susceptible to all agents tested.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of OPT-80 Tested against Clinical Isolates of Toxin-Producing Clostridium difficile

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 4163-4165 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Karlowsky ◽  
Nancy M. Laing ◽  
George G. Zhanel
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution

ABSTRACT Agar dilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing (CLSI, M11-A7, 2007) performed for 208 toxin-producing clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile resulted in OPT-80 MICs ranging from 0.06 to 1 μg/ml, with 90% of the isolates inhibited by a concentration of 0.5 μg/ml. The in vitro activity of OPT-80 was independent of the susceptibilities of isolates to nine other antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Omadacycline and Comparators against Anaerobic Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. e00047-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Stapert ◽  
Cindy Wolfe ◽  
Dean Shinabarger ◽  
Andrea Marra ◽  
Chris Pillar
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skin Structure ◽  
Anaerobic Infections

ABSTRACT Omadacycline (OMC), a broad-spectrum aminomethylcycline, has shown clinical efficacy in anaerobic acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) and in animal models of intra-abdominal anaerobic infections. Here, the in vitro activity of OMC against clinically relevant anaerobes was similar to that of tigecycline, with MIC90 values of 1 to 8 μg/ml against Bacteroides spp., 0.5 μg/ml against Clostridium difficile, Prevotella spp., and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, 1 μg/ml against Peptostreptococcus spp., and 16 μg/ml against Clostridium perfringens.

scholarly journals ComparativeIn VitroActivities of LFF571 against Clostridium difficile and 630 Other Intestinal Strains of Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2493-2503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
Kerin L. Tyrrell ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam ◽  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Variable Activity ◽  
Intestinal Origin ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACTThein vitroactivities of LFF571, a novel analog of GE2270A that inhibits bacterial growth by binding with high affinity for protein synthesis elongation factor Tu, fidaxomicin, and 10 other antimicrobial agents were determined against 50 strains ofClostridium difficileand 630 other anaerobic and aerobic organisms of intestinal origin. LFF571 possesses potent activity againstC. difficileand most other Gram-positive anaerobes (MIC90, ≤0.25 μg/ml), with the exception of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. The MIC90s for aerobes, including enterococci,Staphylococcus aureus(as well as methicillin-resistantS. aureus[MRSA] isolates),Streptococcus pyogenes, and other streptococci were 0.06, 0.125, 2, and 8 μg/ml, respectively. Comparatively, fidaxomicin showed variable activity against Gram-positive organisms: MIC90s againstC. difficile,Clostridium perfringens, andBifidobacteriumspp. were 0.5, ≤0.015, and 0.125 μg/ml, respectively, but >32 μg/ml againstClostridium ramosumandClostridium innocuum. MIC90forS. pyogenesand other streptococci was 16 and >32 μg/ml, respectively. LFF571 and fidaxomicin were generally less active against Gram-negative anaerobes.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Faropenem against 579 Strains of Anaerobic Bacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 3669-3675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Wexler ◽  
Denise Molitoris ◽  
Shahera St. John ◽  
Ann Vu ◽  
Erik K. Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Metronidazole Resistance ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

ABSTRACT The activity of faropenem, a new oral penem, was tested against 579 strains of anaerobic bacteria by using the NCCLS-approved reference method. Drugs tested included amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefoxitin, clindamycin, faropenem, imipenem, and metronidazole. Of the 176 strains of Bacteroides fragilis group isolates tested, two isolates had faropenem MICs of 64 μg/ml and imipenem MICs of >32 μg/ml. Faropenem had an MIC of 16 μg/ml for an additional isolate of B. fragilis; this strain was sensitive to imipenem (MIC of 1 μg/ml). Both faropenem and imipenem had MICs of ≤4 μg/ml for all isolates of Bacteroides capillosus (10 isolates), Bacteroides splanchnicus (13 isolates), Bacteroides ureolyticus (11 isolates), Bilophila wadsworthia (11 isolates), Porphyromonas species (42 isolates), Prevotella species (78 isolates), Campylobacter species (25 isolates), Sutterella wadsworthensis (11 isolates), Fusobacterium nucleatum (19 isolates), Fusobacterium mortiferum/varium (20 isolates), and other Fusobacterium species (9 isolates). Faropenem and imipenem had MICs of 16 to 32 μg/ml for two strains of Clostridium difficile; the MICs for all other strains of Clostridium tested (69 isolates) were ≤4 μg/ml. Faropenem had MICs of 8 and 16 μg/ml, respectively, for two strains of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (MICs of imipenem were 2 μg/ml). MICs were ≤4 μg/ml for all other strains of gram-positive anaerobic cocci (53 isolates) and non-spore-forming gram-positive rods (28 isolates). Other results were as expected and reported in previous studies. No metronidazole resistance was seen in gram-negative anaerobes other than S. wadsworthensis (18% resistant); 63% of gram-positive non-spore-forming rods were resistant. Some degree of clindamycin resistance was seen in most of the groups tested.

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