scholarly journals Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Conversion of d-Glucose to Xylitol and Other Five-Carbon Sugars and Sugar Alcohols

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (17) ◽  
pp. 5471-5476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervi H. Toivari ◽  
Laura Ruohonen ◽  
Andrei N. Miasnikov ◽  
Peter Richard ◽  
Merja Penttilä
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Xylitol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sugar Alcohols ◽  
Pentose Sugar ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Pentose Sugars

ABSTRACT Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that produce the sugar alcohols xylitol and ribitol and the pentose sugar d-ribose from d-glucose in a single fermentation step are described. A transketolase-deficient S. cerevisiae strain accumulated d-xylulose 5-phosphate intracellularly and released ribitol and pentose sugars (d-ribose, d-ribulose, and d-xylulose) into the growth medium. Expression of the xylitol dehydrogenase-encoding gene XYL2 of Pichia stipitis in the transketolase-deficient strain resulted in an 8.5-fold enhancement of the total amount of the excreted sugar alcohols ribitol and xylitol. The additional introduction of the 2-deoxy-glucose 6-phosphate phosphatase-encoding gene DOG1 into the transketolase-deficient strain expressing the XYL2 gene resulted in a further 1.6-fold increase in ribitol production. Finally, deletion of the endogenous xylulokinase-encoding gene XKS1 was necessary to increase the amount of xylitol to 50% of the 5-carbon sugar alcohols excreted.

Cloning and expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of the NAD(P)H-dependent xylose reductase-encoding gene (XYL1) from the xylose-assimilating yeast Pichia stipitis

Gene ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Amore ◽  
Peter Kötter ◽  
Christina Küster ◽  
Michael Ciriacy ◽  
Cornelis P. Hollenberg
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Xylose Reductase ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Encoding Gene

scholarly journals Improvement of Xylose Uptake and Ethanol Production in Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae through an Inverse Metabolic Engineering Approach

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 8249-8256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Su Jin ◽  
Hal Alper ◽  
Yea-Tyng Yang ◽  
Gregory Stephanopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Pichia Stipitis ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Gene Target ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Engineering Approach ◽  
Inverse Metabolic Engineering

ABSTRACT We used an inverse metabolic engineering approach to identify gene targets for improved xylose assimilation in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Specifically, we created a genomic fragment library from Pichia stipitis and introduced it into recombinant S. cerevisiae expressing XYL1 and XYL2. Through serial subculturing enrichment of the transformant library, 16 transformants were identified and confirmed to have a higher growth rate on xylose. Sequencing of the 16 plasmids isolated from these transformants revealed that the majority of the inserts (10 of 16) contained the XYL3 gene, thus confirming the previous finding that XYL3 is the consensus target for increasing xylose assimilation. Following a sequential search for gene targets, we repeated the complementation enrichment process in a XYL1 XYL2 XYL3 background and identified 15 fast-growing transformants, all of which harbored the same plasmid. This plasmid contained an open reading frame (ORF) designated PsTAL1 based on a high level of homology with S. cerevisiae TAL1. To further investigate whether the newly identified PsTAL1 ORF is responsible for the enhanced-growth phenotype, we constructed an expression cassette containing the PsTAL1 ORF under the control of a constitutive promoter and transformed it into an S. cerevisiae recombinant expressing XYL1, XYL2, and XYL3. The resulting recombinant strain exhibited a 100% increase in the growth rate and a 70% increase in ethanol production (0.033 versus 0.019 g ethanol/g cells · h) on xylose compared to the parental strain. Interestingly, overexpression of PsTAL1 did not cause growth inhibition when cells were grown on glucose, unlike overexpression of the ScTAL1 gene. These results suggest that PsTAL1 is a better gene target for engineering of the pentose phosphate pathway in recombinant S. cerevisiae.

Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Ethyl Acetate Biosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqi Shi ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Yanfang Chen ◽  
Xiaohang Liu ◽  
Yefu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Ethyl Acetate

scholarly journals Nonrecombinant meiosis I nondisjunction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced by tRNA ochre suppressors.

Genetics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Louis ◽  
J E Haber
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Nonsense Mutations ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
Meiosis I ◽  
Chromosome Nondisjunction

Abstract The presence of the tRNA ochre suppressors SUP11 and SUP5 is found to induce meiosis I nondisjunction in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The induction increases with increasing dosage of the suppressor and decreases in the presence of an antisuppressor. The effect is independent of the chromosomal location of SUP11. Each of five different chromosomes monitored exhibited nondisjunction at frequencies of 0.1%-1.1% of random spores, which is a 16-160-fold increase over wild-type levels. Increased nondisjunction is reflected by a marked increase in tetrads with two and zero viable spores. In the case of chromosome III, for which a 50-cM map interval was monitored, the resulting disomes are all in the parental nonrecombinant configuration. Recombination along chromosome III appears normal both in meioses that have no nondisjunction and in meioses for which there was nondisjunction of another chromosome. We propose that a proportion of one or more proteins involved in chromosome pairing, recombination or segregation are aberrant due to translational read-through of the normal ochre stop codon. Hygromycin B, an antibiotic that can suppress nonsense mutations via translational read-through, also induces nonrecombinant meiosis I nondisjunction. Increases in mistranslation, therefore, increase the production of aneuploids during meiosis. There was no observable effect of SUP11 on mitotic chromosome nondisjunction; however some disomes caused SUP11 ade2-ochre strains to appear white or red, instead of pink.

scholarly journals Underproduction of the Largest Subunit of RNA Polymerase II Causes Temperature Sensitivity, Slow Growth, and Inositol Auxotrophy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Archambault ◽  
David B Jansma ◽  
James D Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genes Encoding

Abstract In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutations in genes encoding subunits of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) often give rise to a set of pleiotropic phenotypes that includes temperature sensitivity, slow growth and inositol auxotrophy. In this study, we show that these phenotypes can be brought about by a reduction in the intracellular concentration of RNAPII. Underproduction of RNAPII was achieved by expressing the gene (RPO21), encoding the largest subunit of the enzyme, from the LEU2 promoter or a weaker derivative of it, two promoters that can be repressed by the addition of leucine to the growth medium. We found that cells that underproduced RPO21 were unable to derepress fully the expression of a reporter gene under the control of the INO1 UAS. Our results indicate that temperature sensitivity, slow growth and inositol auxotrophy is a set of phenotypes that can be caused by lowering the steady-state amount of RNAPII; these results also lead to the prediction that some of the previously identified RNAPII mutations that confer this same set of phenotypes affect the assembly/stability of the enzyme. We propose a model to explain the hypersensitivity of INO1 transcription to mutations that affect components of the RNAPII transcriptional machinery.

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