scholarly journals Infection of Acanthamoeba polyphagawith Simkania negevensis and S. negevensis Survival within Amoebal Cysts

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 4789-4795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Kahane ◽  
Bella Dvoskin ◽  
Mazit Mathias ◽  
Maureen G. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Simkania Negevensis ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Simkania negevensis, a novel microorganism belonging to the family Simkaniaceae in the orderChlamydiales, has an intracellular developmental cycle during which two morphological entities, elementary bodies (EB) and reticulate bodies (RB), are seen by electron microscopy. Rates of seropositivity to the organism are high in certain population groups, and S. negevensis has been associated with respiratory illness in humans. This study reports for the first time the ability ofS. negevensis to survive and grow insideAcanthamoeba polyphaga in addition to its known ability to grow in cell cultures of human or simian origin. Infectivity ofS. negevensis and growth in amoebae were monitored by immunoperoxidase assays. Long-term persistence and exponential growth of S. negevensis in amoebal trophozoites were demonstrated by infectivity assays and by electron microscopy. EB and dividing RB of S. negevensis were observed within inclusion bodies inside A. polyphaga. When S. negevensis-infected A. polyphaga amoebae were exposed to adverse conditions resulting in encystation of the amoebae, several possible outcomes were observed: cysts containing both normal amoebic cytoplasm and S. negevensis; cysts in whichS. negevensis cells were relegated to the space between cyst walls; and cysts containing S. negevensis, but apparently lacking amoebal cytoplasm. S. negevensiswithin dried amoebal cysts was capable of long-term survival. The possibility that amoebae may have a role in natural transmission ofS. negevensis needs to be investigated.

Ascospore sculpturing and generic concepts in the Testudinaceae (syn. Zopfiaceae)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hawksworth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Combination ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Generic concepts in the Testudinaceae (Ascomycotina, Loculoascomycetes) are reviewed with particular emphasis on the sculpturing of the ascospores which has been examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the first time. A key to the nine genera accepted in the family is provided of which two are described as new: Ulospora for U. bilgramii comb.nov. (= Zopfia bilgramii D. Hawksw. et al.), the ascospores of which have three to six deep fissures in each cell, and Zopfiofoveola for Z. punctata comb.nov. (= Zopfia punctata D. Hawksw. & C. Booth), with distinctly and regularly foveolate ascospores. One further new combination is made: Rechingeriella boudieri comb.nov. (= Zopfia boudieri Arnaud). The positions of three additional genera referred to the family by earlier authors but which are excluded from it here are also briefly discussed.

New perspectives on Nephridiacanthus major (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) collected from hedgehogs in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Amin ◽  
M. Sharifdini ◽  
R.A. Heckmann ◽  
M. Zarean
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

We describe morphological features not previously reported for this old acanthocephalan Nephridiacanthus major (Bremser, 1811 in Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1962 first described over 200 years ago. Our specimens were collected from long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus (Gmelin, 1770) (Erinaceidae) in Iran. We compare the morphometrics of our material with others previously reported from the same host in Iran, Russia, central Asia and Europe. Our specimens had markedly smaller proboscides, proboscis hooks and lemnisci than those reported from Russia and central Asia, but comparable measurements of other structures with specimens previously described from other collections. We document our new observations with scanning electron microscopy features not previously demonstrable by other observers and provide a chemical analysis of proboscis hooks using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis for the first time. The molecular profile of this acanthocephalan, based on 18S rDNA and cox1 genes, was generated for the first time. The phylogenetic analysis showed that N. major is placed in a clade of the family Oligacanthorhynchidae, well separated from the families Moniliformidae and Gigantorhynchidae.

scholarly journals Ectoparasites of the bats from karst caves of the nature reserve «Ichalkovsky Bor» (Nizhny Novgorod Region)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Galina Anatolievna Fadeeva ◽  
Elena Evgenievna Boryakova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Karst Caves ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Volga Upland ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
Parasitic Mites ◽  
First Time

The fauna of parasitic mites of bats from the karst caves in the region of the Volga Upland was studied in 2004-2005. Six species of bats such as Daubentons water bat, Brandts bat, whiskered bat, pond bat, northern bat and long-eared bat were examined. 18 species of arthropods were detected, among them there are gamasid mites (10 species) and harvest mites (2 species). Leptotrombidium russicum (Oud., 1902) and Myotrombicula sp. were found for the first time in Central Russia. Spinturnix acuminatus (Koch, 1836), Steatonyssus spinosus (Willmann, 1936), Steatonyssus periblepharus (Kolenati, 1858), Macronyssus flavus (Kolenati, 1856) turned out to be the main group of parasites in this study. As for the insects flies of the family Nycteribiidae and fleas of the family Ischnopsyllidae were found. The cluster analysis of ectoparasite fauna has showed that they are more or less evenly distributed among all members of mixed colonies of bats, while there is no violation of specificity in the choice of hosts. Low values of the Berger-Parker index marked a lack of competition between species, which indicates the stability of parasitic communities formed on bats in mixed colonies and in natural habitats. This fact indicates a complex relationship between the parasites in the community on the one hand, and long-term existence of the community on the other hand. This, in its turn, shows that in long-evolving communities competitive relationships between parasites are obliterated, which gives them stability. Herewith the bat colony is used as an integral whole, although some parasitic species prefer certain types of hosts.

scholarly journals Fine Structure of Maxillary Palps in Adults of Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pezzi ◽  
C Scapoli ◽  
M Bharti ◽  
M J Faucheux ◽  
M Chicca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sensory Structures ◽  
First Time ◽  
Maxillary Palps ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A relevant species in waste management but also in forensic, medical, and veterinary sciences is the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus; Diptera: Stratiomyidae). An ultrastructural study by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted for the first time on maxillary palps of both sexes, describing in detail the morphology and distribution of sensilla and microtrichia. The maxillary palps, composed of two segments, show sexual dimorphism in length and shape. In both sexes, the first segment is covered only by microtrichia, but the second one is divided into two parts: the proximal one, covered only by microtrichia, and the distal one containing both microtrichia and sensory structures. These structures include two types of sensory pits and one of chaetic sensilla. Due to sexual dimorphism in palp size, females have a higher number of sensory pits. The sexual dimorphism of palps and the presence and role of sensilla in H. illucens was discussed in comparison to other species of the family Stratiomyidae and of other Diptera. This study may represent a base for further investigations on mouthpart structures of this species, involved in key physiological activities, such as feeding, mating and oviposition.

scholarly journals Present state of knowledge on the family Begoniaceae CA Agardh (Magnoliopsida) of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
PK Deb ◽  
MA Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
New Records ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Generic Family ◽  
Term Field

The inventory and assessment of species diversity in the mono-generic family Begoniaceae C. A. Agardh of Bangladesh were made through long term field investigations, collections, identification, survey and examination of preserved herbarium specimens and review of relevant taxonomic and floristic literature. The family is recognized to be represented in the flora of Bangladesh by 19 species under the genus Begonia L. Of these, 11 species were known to be previously recorded from the area of Bangladesh, hence additional 8 species of the present account are being reported here for the first time as new records from Bangladesh, these are: Begonia grandis Dryand. ssp. holostylla Irmsch. , B. heracleifolia Cham. and Schltdl. Cult., B. maculata Raddi Cult. B. modestiflora Kurz, B. muliensis T. T. Yu. Cult., B. scintillans Dunn, B. surculigera Kurz and B. thomsonii A. DC. An enumeration of these 19 species is prepared, and each species is cited with detailed taxonomic data. All species of the Begonia L. are herbaceous in nature and possess potential economic values, viz. 11 (52%) medicinal, 5 (24%) ornamental, 3 (14%) beverage, 1 (5%) food and 1 (5%) poisonous. Determination of status of occurrence showed that 2 (10.53%) species are common, 5 (26.32%) cultivated, 9 (47.36%) threatened and 3 (15.79%) possibly extinct in Bangladesh. Field photographs and hand drawings of recorded taxa are provided.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 35-46

Phasmarhabditis apuliae n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), a new rhabditid nematode from milacid slugs

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1095-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Nermuť ◽  
Vladimír Půža ◽  
Zdeněk Mráček
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tail Tip ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

A new nematode species belonging to the family Rhabditidae, genus Phasmarhabditis, was isolated in the city of Bari (strain BAR) and near the village Gravina (strain GRA) in Apulia, Italy, and is described herein as Phasmarhabditis apuliae n. sp. The original hosts were Milax sowerbyi and M. gagates. Females are 2623 (2262-2848) μm long with a long tapering tail. Prominent papilla-like phasmids are present. Males are 2096 (1898-2363) μm long. They have a peloderan bursa with nine pairs of rays arranged as 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 3. Each ray bears a single papilla. A non-paired papilla is located near the ventral appendage anterior to the cloacal aperture. Prominent papilla-like phasmids are situated close to the tail tip. Dauer juveniles have lateral fields formed from two prominent wide ridges and have three incisures. Phasmarhabditis apuliae n. sp. seems to be a facultative mollusc-parasitic nematode that is capable, in a similar manner to P. hermaphrodita, of long-term survival in the saprophytic phase on decaying organic matter. Ecology, morphology and phylogenetic relationships of Phasmarhabditis nematodes are discussed.

Long-term survival of an introduced red alga in adverse conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia D. Nyberg ◽  
Inger Wallentinus
Keyword(s):  
Red Alga ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Adverse Conditions

Three Proposals for Interdisciplinary Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C. Krasnow ◽  
Robin L. Wolkoff
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Minority Shareholders ◽  
Legal Advice ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tax Savings ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
First Time

This article suggests research to determine whether more valuable legal advice can be given in three areas. The emotional distress caused by prenuptial agreements to people under 30 years old who are marrying for the first time is not justified because these agreements often do not accomplish their intended goals. Regarding estate planning, business owners and their lawyers often focus primarily on tax savings without considering the long-term impact of the estate plan on the family business. Finally, the advantages to the family business of agreements for the buyout of disgruntled minority shareholders are discussed.

Two new records of the family Lobariaceae (Lichenized Ascomycota: Peltigerales) from Argentina.

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Alfredo Passo ◽  
Romina Vidal-Russell ◽  
Jose Martín Scervino ◽  
María Inés Messuti
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
The Family ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Long Term Studies

As part of long term studies focused in the lichenized mycobiota diversity from southern Argentina, two species of the family Lobariaceae (Peltigerales), Pseudocyphellaria pluvialis and Sticta longipes, are registered for the first time in Argentina. These species were previously reported as endemic from southern Chile. Brief descriptions, illustrations and information about the distribution and ecology of the species are provided.

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