scholarly journals Characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium from Marine Environments in Coastal Waters of Galicia (Spain)

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 4030-4034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Martinez-Urtaza ◽  
Ernesto Liebana ◽  
Lourdes Garcia-Migura ◽  
Pelayo Perez-Piñeiro ◽  
Montserrat Saco
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
Routine Surveillance ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Plasmid Profiling

ABSTRACT Twenty-three Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates from marine environments were characterized by phage typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis, plasmid analysis, and antibiotic resistance, and the distribution of the different types in the coastal waters were subsequently analyzed. Five phage types were identified among the isolates (PT41, PT135, PT99, DT104, and DT193). PT135 isolates were exclusively detected during the winter months from 1998 to 2000, whereas DT104 and PT41 isolates were detected exclusively in the summer months from 2000 to 2002. XbaI PFGE analysis revealed 9 PFGE types, and plasmid profiling identified 8 plasmid types (with 1 to 6 plasmids) among the isolates. Only three isolates presented multidrug resistance to antibiotics. Two DT104 isolates were resistant to 8 and 7 antibiotics (profiles ACCeFNaSSuT and ACeFNeSSuT), whereas a PT193 isolate presented resistance to 6 antibiotics (profile ACFSSu). In addition, four PT41 isolates were resistant to a single antibiotic. The detection of multidrug-resistant phage types DT104 and DT193 in shellfish emphasizes the importance of monitoring the presence of Salmonella in routine surveillance of live bivalve molluscs.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Salmonella Genomic Island 1 in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolated in Italy

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 2821-2828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Carattoli ◽  
Emma Filetici ◽  
Laura Villa ◽  
Anna Maria Dionisi ◽  
Antonia Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium

ABSTRACT Fifty-four epidemiologically unrelated multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates, collected between 1992 and 2000 in Italy, were analyzed for the presence of integrons. Strains were also tested for Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1), carrying antibiotic resistance genes in DT104 strains. A complete SGI1 was found in the majority of the DT104 strains. Two DT104 strains, showing resistance to streptomycin-spectinomycin and sulfonamides, carried a partially deleted SGI1 lacking the flost , tetR, and tetA genes, conferring chloramphenicol-florfenicol and tetracycline resistance, and the integron harboring the pse-1 gene cassette, conferring ampicillin resistance. The presence of SGI1 was also observed in serovar Typhimurium strains belonging to other phage types, suggesting either the potential mobility of this genomic island or changes in the phage-related phenotype of DT104 strains.

scholarly journals Molecular typing ofSalmonella entericaserovars Enteritidis, Corvallis, Anatum and Typhimurium from food and human stool samples in Tunisia, 2001–2004

2007 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BEN AISSA ◽  
N. AL-GALLAS
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pfge Analysis ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Plasmid Profiling ◽  
Human Stool

SUMMARYDuring the period from 2001 to 2004, a total of 72 isolates ofSalmonella entericaserovars: Anatum (n=40), Enteritidis (n=18), Corvallis (n=8), and Typhimurium (n=6), of various origins (mainly food and diarrhoeagenic stool samples), were collected and further characterized by antibiotic resistance, plasmid analysis, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Forty-five isolates presented multidrug resistance to antibiotics. Among which oneS. entericaserovar Anatum isolate was resistant to 11 antibiotics, and oneS. entericaserovar Typhimurium DT104 isolate was resistant to eight antibiotics. Plasmid profiling identified eight plasmid profiles (with 1–5 plasmids) among the isolates, of which one plasmid profile (P01) was predominant.XbaI PFGE analysis revealed the presence of a predominant clone of the four studiedSalmonellaserovars circulating in Tunisia throughout the years 2001–2004.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology and diversity ofSalmonellaserovar Typhimurium in pigs using phenotypic and genotypic approaches

2005 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. GEBREYES ◽  
C. ALTIER ◽  
S. THAKUR
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Discriminatory Index

SUMMARYFor epidemiological investigations of the most common and non-host-adaptedSalmonellaserotypes, such as Typhimurium, highly discriminatory approaches are essential. In the present study, we evaluated three genotyping methods; amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and repetitive palindromic extragenic–PCR (Rep–PCR) using 40 isolates. AFLP showed the highest discriminatory index (0·939), resolution and throughput. To determine clonality ofSalmonellaTyphimurium isolates and epidemiological relatedness in different commercial pig production units, we employed AFLP in combination with antimicrobial resistance pattern and phage typing.Salmonellaserovar Typhimurium isolates (n=196) obtained from a longitudinal study of 18 pig farms over a 3-year period were studied. Using this approach, 16 distinct clonal types were identified. We found two common multidrug- resistant patterns including AmCmStSuTe and AmKmStSuTe. Two commonly multidrug- resistant phage types that are of known public health importance, DT104 and DT193, were also common. AFLP differentiated distinct clones within DT104, a phage type previously reported to be clonal. Fourteen of the clonal types were unique to one of the two production systems, showing diversity between independent commercial pig production systems located in the same geographical area. Clonal types obtained from nursery farms and corresponding finishing units were, however, similar.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Genomes of a Diverse Collection of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Definitive Phage Type 104

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (24) ◽  
pp. 8155-8162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona J. Cooke ◽  
Derek J. Brown ◽  
Maria Fookes ◽  
Derek Pickard ◽  
Alasdair Ivens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Mlst Type ◽  
Plasmid Profiling ◽  
Type Sequence

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (DT104) has caused significant morbidity and mortality in humans and animals for almost three decades. We completed the full DNA sequence of one DT104 strain, NCTC13348, and showed that significant differences between the genome of this isolate and the genome of the previously sequenced strain Salmonella serovar Typhimurium LT2 are due to integrated prophage elements and Salmonella genomic island 1 encoding antibiotic resistance genes. Thirteen isolates of Salmonella serovar Typhimurium DT104 with different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles were analyzed by using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), plasmid profiling, hybridization to a pan-Salmonella DNA microarray, and prophage-based multiplex PCR. All the isolates belonged to a single MLST type, sequence type ST19. Microarray data demonstrated that the gene contents of the 13 DT104 isolates were remarkably conserved. The PFGE DNA fragment size differences in these isolates could be explained to a great extent by differences in the prophage and plasmid contents. Thus, here the nature of variation in different Salmonella serovar Typhimurium DT104 isolates is further defined at the gene and whole-genome levels, illustrating how this phage type evolves over time.

scholarly journals A Predominant Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Saintpaul Clonal Line in German Turkey and Related Food Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 3657-3667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Beutlich ◽  
Irene Rodr�guez ◽  
Andreas Schroeter ◽  
Annemarie K�sbohrer ◽  
Reiner Helmuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Clonal Line ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Plasmid Profiling

ABSTRACT Recently, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Saintpaul has increasingly been observed in several countries, including Germany. However, the pathogenic potential and epidemiology of this serovar are not very well known. This study describes biological attributes of S. Saintpaul isolates obtained from turkeys in Germany based on characterization of their pheno- and genotypic properties. Fifty-five S. Saintpaul isolates from German turkeys and turkey-derived food products isolated from 2000 to 2007 were analyzed by using antimicrobial agent, organic solvent, and disinfectant susceptibility tests, isoelectric focusing, detection of resistance determinants, plasmid profiling, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and hybridization experiments. These isolates were compared to an outgroup consisting of 24 S. Saintpaul isolates obtained from humans and chickens in Germany and from poultry and poultry products (including turkeys) in Netherlands. A common core resistance pattern was detected for 27 German turkey and turkey product isolates. This pattern included resistance (full or intermediate) to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, spectinomycin, and sulfamethoxazole and intermediate resistance or decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC, 2 or 1 μg/ml, respectively) and several third-generation cephalosporins (including ceftiofur and cefoxitin [MIC, 4 to 2 and 16 to 2 μg/ml, respectively]). These isolates had the same core resistance genotype, with bla TEM-1, aadB, aadA2, sul1, a Ser83→Glu83 mutation in the gyrA gene, and a chromosomal class 1 integron carrying the aadB-aadA2 gene cassette. Their XbaI, BlnI, and combined XbaI-BlnI PFGE patterns revealed levels of genetic similarity of 93, 75, and 90%, respectively. This study revealed that a multiresistant S. Saintpaul clonal line is widespread in turkeys and turkey products in Germany and was also detected among German human fecal and Dutch poultry isolates.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104 Virulence

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 4673-4677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris A. Allen ◽  
Paula J. Fedorka-Cray ◽  
Andrés Vazquez-Torres ◽  
Mitsu Suyemoto ◽  
Craig Altier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Lethal Infection ◽  
Animal Infection ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Clinical Illness

ABSTRACT Multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium phage type DT104 has become a widespread cause of human and other animal infection worldwide. The severity of clinical illness inS. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 outbreaks has led to the suggestion that this strain possesses enhanced virulence. In the present study, in vitro and in vivo virulence-associated phenotypes of several clinical isolates of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 were examined and compared to S. entericaserovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028s. The ability of these DT104 isolates to survive within murine peritoneal macrophages, invade cultured epithelial cells, resist antimicrobial actions of reactive oxygen and nitrogen compounds, and cause lethal infection in mice were assessed. Our results failed to demonstrate that S. enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 isolates are more virulent than S. enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028s.

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