scholarly journals One-Step Immunochromatographic Dipstick Tests for Rapid Detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 in Stool Samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nato ◽  
A. Boutonnier ◽  
M. Rajerison ◽  
P. Grosjean ◽  
S. Dartevelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
Simple Tool ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
One Step ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Stool Samples

ABSTRACT We describe the development and evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test for Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 based on lipopolysaccharide detection using gold particles. The specificity ranged between 84 and 100%. The sensitivity of the dipsticks ranged from 94.2 to 100% when evaluated with stool samples obtained in Madagascar and Bangladesh. The dipstick can provide a simple tool for epidemiological surveys.

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of Cholkit Rapid Diagnostic Test for Vibrio Cholerae O1 During a Cholera Outbreak in Malawi, 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent Chibwe ◽  
Watipaso Kasambara ◽  
Mathews Kagoli ◽  
Harry Milala ◽  
Charity Gondwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

Abstract Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for cholera are an important emerging tool for surveillance, yet the currently available tests have several limitations. We assess the performance of a new RDT, Cholkit, during a cholera outbreak in Malawi compared with culture and find a sensitivity of 93.0% (95% CI, 83.0%–98.1%) and a specificity of 95.7% (95% CI, 78.1%–100.0%).

Cholera outbreak investigation, Bhadola, Delhi, India, April–May 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 762-769
Author(s):  
Akhileshwar Singh ◽  
Rakesh Gupta ◽  
Tanzin Dikid ◽  
Ekta Saroha ◽  
Naresh Chand Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Public Health Action ◽  
The North ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Stool Samples

Abstract Background In the Gangetic plains of India, including Delhi, cholera is endemic. On 10 May 2018, staff at the north Delhi district surveillance unit identified a laboratory-confirmed cholera outbreak when five people tested positive for Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa serotype in Bhadola. We investigated to identify risk factors and recommend prevention measures. Methods We defined a case as ≥3 loose stools within 24 h in a Bhadola resident during 1 April–29 May 2018. We searched for cases house-to-house. In a 1 : 1 unmatched case control study, a control was defined as an absence of loose stools in a Bhadola resident during 1 April–29 May 2018. We selected cases and controls randomly. We tested stool samples for Vibrio cholerae by culture. We tested drinking water for fecal contamination. Using multivariable logistic regression we calculated adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CIs. Results We identified 129 cases; the median age was 14.5 y, 52% were females, 27% were hospitalized and there were no deaths. Symptoms were abdominal pain (54%), vomiting (44%) and fever (29%). Among 90 cases and controls, the odds of illness were higher for drinking untreated municipal water (aOR=2.3; 95% CI 1.0 to 6.2) and not knowing about diarrhea transmission (aOR=4.9; 95% CI 1.0 to 21.1). Of 12 stool samples, 6 (50%) tested positive for Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa serotype. Of 15 water samples, 8 (53%) showed growth of fecal coliforms. Conclusions This laboratory-confirmed cholera outbreak associated with drinking untreated municipal water and lack of knowledge of diarrhea transmission triggered public health action in Bhadola, Delhi.

scholarly journals Diagnostic techniques for rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae O1/O139

Vaccine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. A73-A82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thandavarayan Ramamurthy ◽  
Bhabatosh Das ◽  
Subhra Chakraborty ◽  
Asish K Mukhopadhyay ◽  
David A. Sack
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

scholarly journals Development of a new dipstick (Cholkit) for rapid detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 in acute watery diarrheal stools

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e0006286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abu Sayeed ◽  
Kamrul Islam ◽  
Motaher Hossain ◽  
Noor Jahan Akter ◽  
Md. Nur Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Vibrio cholerae isolates

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (179) ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Shrestha ◽  
S Malla ◽  
BR Adhikari ◽  
G Shakya ◽  
SR Basnyat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Keywords Antibiotics ◽  
El Tor

INTRODUCTION: Cholera is one of the most common diarrhoeal diseases in Nepal. Etiological agent of cholera is Vibrio cholerae which removes essential body fluids, salts and vital nutrients, which are necessary for life causing dehydration and malnutrition. Emerging antimicrobial resistant is common. The aim of the present study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of cholera patients in Nepal. METHODS: All the laboratory works were conducted in the bacteriology section of National Public Health Laboratory, Teku from March to September 2005. During this period a total of 340 stool samples from diarrhoeal patients were collected and processed according to the standard laboratory methods. Each patient suffering from diarrhoea was directly interviewed for his or her clinical history during sample collection. RESULTS: A total of 340 stool samples were processed and studied from both sex including all ages of patients. Among the processed sample 53 Vibrio cholerae cases were found. All isolated Vibrio cholerae O1 were El Tor, Inaba. All isolated (100%) Vibrio cholerae O1 were sensitive to Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin and Tetracycline whereas all were resistant to Nalidixic acid and Cotrimoxazole. Only 15.1% cases were sensitive to Furazolidone whereas 84.9% were resistant. CONCLUSION: All V. cholerae strains isolated in this study were found resistant to Multi Drug Resistant (resistant to at least two antibiotics of different group). Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin and Tetracycline were found still more potent antibiotics against Vibrio cholerae isolated during the study. Keywords: antibiotics, susceptibility, Vibrio cholera.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST AND MODIFIED ZIEHL-NEELSEN METHOD IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-542
Author(s):  
Dahal AS ◽  
Daha AS ◽  
Okolo OM ◽  
Onyedibe IK ◽  
Cosmas TN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Strip Test

Background: Cryptosporidium parvum as a leading cause of persistent diarrhoea in developing countries causes a more severe illness in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The intermittent shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in stool, even in patients with massive diarrhoea, makes diagnosis difficult. This study evaluated the validity of Crypto-Strip test in comparison to the modified Ziehl-Neelsen for the diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as gold standard. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study of 100 HIV positive patients with diarrhoea at a tertiary health facility in Jos, Nigeria. We collected 15mls of stool sample and relevant information from patients who gave informed consent. The oocytes of Cryptosporidium parvum were identified in the stool samples using modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and Rapid diagnostic test (Crypto-Strip). We also ran all samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was with statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Result: Out of the 100 stool samples analysed, 13 (13%) were positive for cryptosporidiosis by PCR. Crypto- Strips recorded 12 (12%) positive with one (1) being false negative as compared to PCR. Conversely, eight (8%) of the 100 samples collected were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts using modified Ziehl Neelsen (mZN) stain. Out of the eight positives by mZN stain, two were false positive as both tested negative by the PCR. The Crypto-Strip test kit had a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 100.0% and also positive and negative predictive values of 100.0% and 98.9%, respectively. Whereas, the modified Ziehl Neelsen stain had a sensitivity of 46.2% and a specificity of 97.7% with a positive and negative predictive value of 75.0% and 92.4%, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, we have shown that Crypto-Strip test was a better diagnostic method for the diagnosis of crypto

scholarly journals Vibrio cholerae multifaceted adaptive strategies in response to bacteriophage predation in an endemic region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meer T Alam ◽  
Carla Mavian ◽  
Marco Salemi ◽  
Massimiliano S Tagliamonte ◽  
Taylor K Paisie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Lake Kivu ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
First Time

Bacteriophage predation of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 (the causative agent of cholera) has been linked with seasonal patterns of disease and with clinical response to infection in humans 1-4. However, we still lack a clear demonstration of how the interplay between bacteria and bacteriophage can influence shifts in strain populations. We analyzed toxigenic V. cholerae O1 isolated from patients in the Great Lakes, a cholera endemic region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), between 2013-2017. Bayesian phylogeography shows that all strains derived from the East Africa T10 introduction event5, consistent with establishment of a regional endemic focus, and identified two major lineages, with the most recent correlating to ST515, a cholera cluster previously found in the Lake Kivu and expanding northward6. We also identified a novel ICP1 bacteriophage, genetically distinct from previous ICP1 isolates detected in Asia 7,8, from stool samples of cholera patients. The presence of phages in specific regions of the DRC resulted in the independent emergence, along both internal and external branches of the cholera phylogeny, of distinct mutational pathways in genes of the O1 biosynthetic gene cluster associated with phage resistance. Our data evidence, for the first time, V. cholerae multi-peaked adaptive landscape during outbreaks, and a complex co-evolutionary dynamic linked to presence of predatory phages

Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of ‘Vibrio Cholerae O1 Biotype El Tor Serotype Ogawa’ Outbreak in North Delhi, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Pragnya Jena ◽  
Abha Sharma ◽  
Shalini Duggal ◽  
Tanisha Bharara ◽  
Renu Gur
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cholera Outbreak ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
El Tor

Background Cholera remains a public health issue, especially in developing countries. We report a cholera outbreak in North Delhi. Objective To report the causative agent of outbreak and to characterize, biotype, and analyze antimicrobial resistance pattern of V. cholerae isolated from cholera patients admitted to our hospital. The outbreak occurred from July 2016 to August 2016. Materials and Methods A total of 179 stool samples from pediatrics department were received and processed according to the current Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results Out of 179 stool samples received by the laboratory, 26 samples grew Vibrio cholerae O1 Biotype El Tor. Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were the most sensitive drugs. All isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole followed by tetracycline. Conclusion According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cholera is becoming endemic in Delhi. Emergence of multiple antibiotic-resistant cholera isolates is a concern. Prompt identification and notification of cholera are the key measures to avert cholera outbreak. Clean water supply and improved sanitation measures should be taken for prevention of cholera.

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