Treating Polymicrobial Infections in Chronic Diabetic Wounds

SUMMARY This review provides a comprehensive summary of issues associated with treating polyclonal bacterial biofilms in chronic diabetic wounds. We use this as a foundation and discuss the alternatives to conventional antibiotics and the emerging need for suitable drug delivery systems. In recent years, extraordinary advances have been made in the field of nanoparticle synthesis and packaging. However, these systems have not been incorporated into the clinic for treatments other than for cancer or severe genetic diseases. We present a unifying perspective on how the field is evolving and the need for an early amalgamation of engineering principles and a biological understanding of underlying phenomena in order to develop a therapy that is translatable to the clinic in a shorter time.

Download Full-text

Optimization of Drug Delivery Systems for Intraperitoneal Therapy to Extend the Residence Time of the Chemotherapeutic Agent

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/720858 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

L. De Smet ◽

W. Ceelen ◽

J. P. Remon ◽

C. Vervaet

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Residence Time ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Carrier Solution ◽

Intraperitoneal Therapy ◽

Standardized Treatment ◽

Colorectal Origin ◽

Treatment Design ◽

Made In

Intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy is an effective way of treating peritoneal carcinomatosis of colorectal origin after complete cytoreduction. Although IP therapy has been already performed for many years, no standardized treatment design has been developed in terms of schedule, residence time, drug, or carrier solution. Because of the fast clearance of the conventional intravenous (IV) drug delivery systems used for IP therapy, a lot of research is performed to optimize IP drug delivery and extend the residence time of the cytotoxic agent in the peritoneal cavity. This paper reviews the recent advances made in drug delivery systems for IP chemotherapy, discussing the use of microparticles, nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, implants, and injectable depots for IP delivery.

Download Full-text

Applications and developments of gene therapy drug delivery systems for genetic diseases

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.ajps.2021.05.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiuhua Pan ◽

Hanitrarimalala Veroniaina ◽

Nan Su ◽

Kang Sha ◽

Fenglin Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Gene Therapy ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

Delivery Systems

Download Full-text

A REVIEW ON APTAMERS IN GENE THERAPY AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i12.39241 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 16-21

Author(s):

NIKHIL DIXIT ◽

GAURANG SAWANT ◽

HAMID KHAN

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Gene Therapy ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Development Research ◽

Single Stranded Dna ◽

Rna Molecules ◽

Skeletal Disorders

Gene therapy has been initiated as long back from 1990s but is still in development. Research has been continuously going on in this field in order to cure genetic diseases by various techniques. One of these is aptamers. Aptamers are single stranded DNA or RNA molecules made by SELEX technology and have the ability of attaching to a variety of targets namely proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, toxins etc. They find application in skeletal disorders, biosensors, detection of viruses, delivery of drugs, various drug delivery systems, etc.

Download Full-text

Advances in Biodegradable Nano-Sized Polymer-Based Ocular Drug Delivery

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11081371 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1371 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Courtney Lynch ◽

Pierre P. D. Kondiah ◽

Yahya E. Choonara ◽

Lisa C. du Toit ◽

Naseer Ally ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Ocular Drug Delivery ◽

Defense Systems ◽

Polymeric Drug Delivery ◽

Effective Delivery ◽

Rapid Clearance ◽

Polymeric Drug ◽

Made In

The effective delivery of drugs to the eye remains a challenge. The eye has a myriad of defense systems and physiological barriers that leaves ocular drug delivery systems with low bioavailability profiles. This is mainly due to poor permeability through the epithelia and rapid clearance from the eye following administration. However, recent advances in both polymeric drug delivery and biomedical nanotechnology have allowed for improvements to be made in the treatment of ocular conditions. The employment of biodegradable polymers in ocular formulations has led to improved retention time, greater bioavailability and controlled release through mucoadhesion to the epithelia in the eye, amongst other beneficial properties. Nanotechnology has been largely investigated for uses in the medical field, ranging from diagnosis of disease to treatment. The nanoscale of these developing drug delivery systems has helped to improve the penetration of drugs through the various ocular barriers, thus improving bioavailability. This review will highlight the physiological barriers encountered in the eye, current conventional treatment methods as well as how polymeric drug delivery and nanotechnology can be employed to optimize drug penetration to both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye.

Download Full-text

Endogenous Enzyme-responsive Nanoplatforms for Anti-tumor Therapy

Current Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1389450122666210114095614 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Xue-Fang Lou ◽

Yong-Zhong Du ◽

Xiao-Ling Xu

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Animal Model ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Active Drug ◽

Tumor Therapy ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

The Past ◽

Great Progress ◽

Extended Circulation ◽

Made In

: The emergency of responsive drug delivery systems has contributed to the reduced cytotoxicity, the improved permeability in tissues and extended circulation time of the active drug. Of particular, enzyme-responsive nanoplatforms have attracted a lot due to the specificity and efficiency of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. In this review, enzyme-based mono responsive drug delivery systems designed in the past 5 years were summarized. These drug delivery systems were introduced by different tumor-related enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinase, esterase, hyaluronidase, caspase and cathepsin. Moreover, the enzyme-sensitive nanoplatforms activated by dual-stimuli were also described. Although great progress had been made in the past years, the translation into clinical practice was still difficult. Thus, three obstacles (enzyme heterogeneity, reaction environment, animal model) were also discussed. In short, enzymeactivated drug delivery systems offer great potential in treating cancers.

Download Full-text

Bacterial biofilms associated skin disorders: Pathogenesis, advanced pharmacotherapy and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems as a treatment approach

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120148 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 120148

Author(s):

Taraj Vyas ◽

Vamshi Krishna Rapalli ◽

Dinesh Kumar Chellappan ◽

Kamal Dua ◽

Sunil Kumar Dubey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Treatment Approach ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Bacterial Biofilms ◽

Skin Disorders

Download Full-text

Polymeric micelles as drug delivery vehicles

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c3ra47370h ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (33) ◽

pp. 17028-17038 ◽

Cited By ~ 232

Author(s):

Zaheer Ahmad ◽

Afzal Shah ◽

Muhammad Siddiq ◽

Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Polymeric Micelles ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Hydrophobic Drugs ◽

Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽

Delivery Vehicles ◽

Made In

Though much progress has been made in drug delivery systems, the design of a suitable carrier for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs is still a major challenge for researchers.

Download Full-text

Techniques For The Preparation of Tissue Samples Containing Injectable Polymer Microcapsules

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100120242 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 710-711

Author(s):

G.E. Visscher ◽

R. L. Robison ◽

G. J. Argentieri

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽

Degradation Process ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Injectable Polymer ◽

Microscopic Techniques

The use of various bioerodable polymers as drug delivery systems has gained considerable interest in recent years. Among some of the shapes used as delivery systems are films, rods and microcapsules. The work presented here will deal with the techniques we have utilized for the analysis of the tissue reaction to and actual biodegradation of injectable microcapsules. This work has utilized light microscopic (LM), transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopic techniques. The design of our studies has utilized methodology that would; 1. best characterize the actual degradation process without artifacts introduced by fixation procedures and 2. allow for reproducible results.In our studies, the gastrocnemius muscle of the rat was chosen as the injection site. Prior to the injection of microcapsules the skin above the sites was shaved and tattooed for later recognition and recovery. 1.0 cc syringes were loaded with the desired quantity of microcapsules and the vehicle (0.5% hydroxypropylmethycellulose) drawn up. The syringes were agitated to suspend the microcapsules in the injection vehicle.

Download Full-text