scholarly journals Solitary Intestinal Lymphoid Tissue Provides a Productive Port of Entry for Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1577-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Halle ◽  
Dirk Bumann ◽  
Heike Herbrand ◽  
Yvonne Willer ◽  
Sabrina Dähne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Strong Inflammatory Response ◽  
Intestinal Lymphoid Tissue

ABSTRACT Oral infection of mice with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium results in the colonization of Peyer's patches, triggering a vigorous inflammatory response and immunopathology at these sites. Here we demonstrate that in parallel to Peyer's patches a strong inflammatory response occurs in the intestine, resulting in the appearance of numerous inflammatory foci in the intestinal mucosa. These foci surround small lymphoid cell clusters termed solitary intestinal lymphoid tissue (SILT). Salmonella can be observed inside SILT at early stages of infection, and the number of infected structures matches the number of inflammatory foci arising at later time points. Infection leads to enlargement and morphological destruction of SILT but does not trigger de novo formation of lymphoid tissue. In conclusion, SILT, a lymphoid compartment mostly neglected in earlier studies, represents a major site for Salmonella invasion and ensuing mucosal pathology.

scholarly journals Sublethal Infection of C57BL/6 Mice with Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Leads to an Increase in Levels of Toll-Like Receptor 1 (TLR1), TLR2, and TLR9 mRNA as Well as a Decrease in Levels of TLR6 mRNA in Infected Organs

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 1873-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Tötemeyer ◽  
Pete Kaiser ◽  
Duncan J. Maskell ◽  
Clare E. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Strong Inflammatory Response

ABSTRACT Sublethal infection of C57BL/6 mice with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium M525P initiates a strong inflammatory response. We measured organ expression of mRNA for Toll-like receptors and their associated signaling molecules during S. enterica serovar Typhimurium infection. During infection, the Toll-lie receptor 1 (TLR1), TLR2, and TLR9 mRNA levels increased, while TLR6 mRNA expression decreased.

scholarly journals Oral Immunization with ATP-Dependent Protease-Deficient Mutants Protects Mice against Subsequent Oral Challenge with Virulent Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Matsui ◽  
Masato Suzuki ◽  
Yasunori Isshiki ◽  
Chie Kodama ◽  
Masahiro Eguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Oral Challenge ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Lon Protease ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium

ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficacy of mutants with a deletion of the stress response protease gene as candidates for live oral vaccine strains against Salmonella infection through infection studies with mice by using a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium mutant with a disruption of the ClpXP or Lon protease. In vitro, the ClpXP protease regulates flagellum synthesis and the ClpXP-deficient mutant strain exhibits hyperflagellated bacterial cells (T. Tomoyasu et al., J. Bacteriol. 184:645-653, 2002). On the other hand, the Lon protease negatively regulates the efficacy of invading epithelial cells and the expression of invasion genes (A. Takaya et al., J. Bacteriol. 184:224-232, 2002). When 5-week-old BALB/c mice were orally administered 5 × 108 CFU of the ClpXP- or Lon-deficient strain, bacteria were detected with 103 to 104 CFU in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and cecum 1 week after inoculation and the bacteria then decreased gradually in each tissue. Significant increases of lipopolysaccharide-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and secretory IgA were detected at week 4 and maintained until at least week 12 after inoculation in serum and bile, respectively. Immunization with the ClpXP- or Lon-deficient strain protected mice against oral challenge with the serovar Typhimurium virulent strain. Both the challenged virulent and immunized avirulent salmonellae were completely cleared from the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, and even cecum 5 days after the challenge. These data indicate that Salmonella with a disruption of the ATP-dependent protease ClpXP or Lon can be useful in developing a live vaccine strain.

scholarly journals Construction of Recombinant Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Vaccine Vector Strains for Safety in Newborn and Infant Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn M. Gunn ◽  
Soo-Young Wanda ◽  
Dana Burshell ◽  
Caihong Wang ◽  
Roy Curtiss
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Vaccine Vector ◽  
Host Defenses ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
High Doses

ABSTRACT Recombinant bacterial vaccines must be safe, efficacious, and well tolerated, especially when administered to newborns and infants to prevent diseases of early childhood. Many means of attenuation have been shown to render vaccine strains susceptible to host defenses or unable to colonize lymphoid tissue effectively, thus decreasing their immunogenicity. We have constructed recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine strains that display high levels of attenuation while retaining the ability to induce high levels of immunogenicity and are well tolerated in high doses when administered to infant mice as young as 24 h old. The strains contain three means of regulated delayed attenuation, as well as a constellation of additional mutations that aid in enhancing safety, regulate antigen expression, and reduce disease symptoms commonly associated with Salmonella infection. The vaccine strains are well tolerated when orally administered to infant mice 24 h old at doses as high as 3.5 × 108 CFU.

scholarly journals Hypophysectomy and Neurointermediate Pituitary Lobectomy Reduce Serum Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG and Intestinal IgA Responses to Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection in Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 1883-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Campos-Rodríguez ◽  
Andrés Quintanar-Stephano ◽  
Rosa Adriana Jarillo-Luna ◽  
Gabriela Oliver-Aguillón ◽  
Javier Ventura-Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Peyer’S Patches ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Intestinal Iga

ABSTRACT The influence of anterior pituitary hormones on the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals has been reported. Hypophysectomy (HYPOX) in the rat causes atrophy of the intestinal mucosa, reduction of gastric secretion and intestinal absorption, and increased susceptibility to infections. To our knowledge, there are no studies on the humoral immune response of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue after HYPOX. We have reported that decreased secretion of vasopressin and oxytocin due to neurointermediate pituitary lobectomy (NIL) diminishes humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. However, no data have been published on whether NIL can affect intestinal immune responses. We analyzed the effects of HYPOX and NIL on bacterial colonization of the intestinal lumen, Peyer's patches, and spleen as well as the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM and specific intestinal IgA levels in response to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium oral infection. Results showed the following: (i) Salmonella serovar Typhimurium was eliminated from the intestinal lumen at the same rate in rats that underwent a sham operation, HYPOX, and NIL; (ii) Salmonella serovar Typhimurium colonization of Peyer's patches and spleen was significantly higher in both HYPOX and NIL rats than in sham-operated rats; (iii) serum IgG and IgM and intestinal IgA against surface proteins of Salmonella serovar Typhimurium were significantly lower in HYPOX and NIL rats than in sham-operated rats; and (iv) compared to NIL rats, higher Peyer's patch and spleen bacterial colonization and decreased IgG, IgM, and IgA production were observed in HYPOX rats. We conclude that hormones from each pituitary lobe affect the systemic and gastrointestinal humoral immune responses through different mechanisms.

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