scholarly journals Novel Viral Disease Control Strategy: Adenovirus Expressing Alpha Interferon Rapidly Protects Swine from Foot-and-Mouth Disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 1621-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarasvech Chinsangaram ◽  
Mauro P. Moraes ◽  
Marla Koster ◽  
Marvin J. Grubman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

ABSTRACT We have previously shown that replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is highly sensitive to alpha/beta interferon (IFN-α/β). In the present study, we constructed recombinant, replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 vectors containing either porcine IFN-α or IFN-β (Ad5-pIFNα or Ad5-pIFNβ). We demonstrated that cells infected with these viruses express high levels of biologically active IFN. Swine inoculated with 109 PFU of a control Ad5 virus lacking the IFN gene and challenged 24 h later with FMDV developed typical signs of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), including fever, vesicular lesions, and viremia. In contrast, swine inoculated with 109 PFU of Ad5-pIFNα were completely protected when challenged 24 h later with FMDV. These animals showed no clinical signs of FMD and no viremia and did not develop antibodies against viral nonstructural proteins, suggesting that complete protection from infection was achieved.

scholarly journals Hemato-Biochemical studies on Egyptian Buffaloes and Calves naturally infected with Foot and Mouth Disease Virus serotype SAT 2

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Essam A Mahmoud ◽  
Ahmed N.F Neamat-allah
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Cardiac Markers ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of all cloven footed domestic and wild animals. This work was planned to study the different markers for diagnosis of FMDV serotype Sat2 in adult buffaloes and calves including clinical, hematological and biochemical examinations. A total number of sixty animals were divided into four groups. The first group was apparently healthy adult buffaloes, while the second was naturally infected adult buffaloes, a third group was apparently healthy suckling calves and finally the fourth group was naturally infected suckling calves. The recorded clinical signs were fever, salivation, loss of appetite, depression, lameness, blisters or vesicles, erosions and ulcers in the mucosa of the mouth, tongue, lips, gums, pharynx, palate and between the claws. Anemia, leucopenia, lymphopenia and monocytopenia were recorded in infected adult buffaloes and calves. Myocardial injury proved by presence of degenerated myocardial fibers and lymphocyte cell infiltration with a significant increase in cardiac markers like cardiac torponin I, CPK and LDH in addition to a significant hyperkalemia, hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesemia in buffaloe calves. Moreover, electrophoresis showed hyoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypoglobulinemia in infected animals. It could be concluded that the elevation of cardiac markers emphasized that FMD is more severe in young calves than adult animals. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate the prognosis of FMD infection in calves by these markers.

scholarly journals A Recombinant Adenovirus Expressing P12A and 3C Protein of the Type O Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Stimulates Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinli Xie ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Zhiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Adenovirus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Antiviral Responses ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Specific Igg

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious livestock disease of cloven-hoofed animals which causes severe economic losses. The replication-deficient, human adenovirus-vectored FMD vaccine has been proven effective against FMD. However, the role of T-cell-mediated antiviral responses and the mucosae-mediated antiviral responses induced by the adenovirus-vectored FMD vaccine was rarely examined. Here, the capsid protein precursor P1-2A and viral protease 3C of the type O FMDV were expressed in replicative-deficient human adenovirus type 5 vector. BALB/c mice immunized intramuscularly and intraperitoneally with recombinant adenovirus rAdv-P12A3C elicited higher FMDV-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ, and IL-4 cytokines than those in mice immunized with inactivated FMDV vaccine. Moreover, BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant adenovirus rAdv-P12A3C by oral and intraocular-nasal immunization induced high FMDV-specific IgA antibodies. These results show that the recombinant adenovirus rAdv-P12A3C could resist FMDV comprehensively. This study highlights the potential of rAdv-P12A3C to serve as a type O FMDV vaccine.

scholarly journals Transgenic shRNA pigs reduce susceptibility to foot and mouth disease virus infection

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengwei Hu ◽  
Jun Qiao ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Chuangfu Chen ◽  
Wei Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Interfering Rna

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is an economically devastating viral disease leading to a substantial loss to the swine industry worldwide. A novel alternative strategy is to develop pigs that are genetically resistant to infection. Here, we produce transgenic (TG) pigs that constitutively expressed FMDV-specific short interfering RNA (siRNA) derived from small hairpin RNA (shRNA). In vitro challenge of TG fibroblasts showed the shRNA suppressed viral growth. TG and non-TG pigs were challenged by intramuscular injection with 100 LD50 of FMDV. High fever, severe clinical signs of foot-and-mouth disease and typical histopathological changes were observed in all of the non-TG pigs but in none of the high-siRNA pigs. Our results show that TG shRNA can provide a viable tool for producing animals with enhanced resistance to FMDV.

scholarly journals Mutagenesis Mapping of RNA Structures within the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Genome Reveals Functional Elements Localized in the Polymerase (3D pol )-Encoding Region

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Lasecka-Dykes ◽  
Fiona Tulloch ◽  
Peter Simmonds ◽  
Garry A. Luke ◽  
Paolo Ribeca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Rna Structures ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Functional Elements ◽  
Subgenomic Replicon ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Some RNA structures formed by the genomes of RNA viruses are critical for viral replication. Our study shows that of 46 conserved RNA structures located within the regions of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) genome that encode the nonstructural proteins, only 3 are essential for replication of an FMDV subgenomic replicon.

scholarly journals Inter-laboratory comparison of 2 ELISA kits used for foot-and-mouth disease virus nonstructural protein serology

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-937
Author(s):  
Clare F. J. Browning ◽  
Antonello Di Nardo ◽  
Lissie Henry ◽  
Tim Pollard ◽  
Lynne Hendry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Thermo Fisher Scientific

Serologic assays used to detect antibodies to nonstructural proteins (NSPs) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) are used for disease surveillance in endemic countries, and are essential to providing evidence for freedom of the disease with or without vaccination and to recover the free status of a country after an outbreak. In a 5-site inter-laboratory study, we compared the performance of 2 commercial NSP ELISA kits (ID Screen FMD NSP ELISA single day [short] and overnight protocols, ID.Vet; PrioCHECK FMDV NS antibody ELISA, Thermo Fisher Scientific). The overall concordance between the PrioCHECK and ID Screen test was 93.8% (95% CI: 92.0–95.2%) and 94.8% (95% CI: 93.1–96.1%) for the overnight and short ID Screen incubation protocols, respectively. Our results indicate that the assays (including the 2 different formats of the ID Screen test) can be used interchangeably in post-outbreak serosurveillance.

scholarly journals Identification of T-Cell Epitopes in Nonstructural Proteins of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 3164-3174 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Blanco ◽  
M. Garcia-Briones ◽  
A. Sanz-Parra ◽  
P. Gomes ◽  
E. De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Development of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Antibodies against the 3B Protein of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yang ◽  
Satya Parida ◽  
Tim Salo ◽  
Kate Hole ◽  
Lauro Velazquez-Salinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Nonstructural Proteins ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

ABSTRACTFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most highly contagious and economically devastating diseases, and it severely constrains the international trade of animals. Vaccination against FMD is a key element in the control of FMD. However, vaccination of susceptible animals raises critical issues, such as the differentiation of infected animals from vaccinated animals. The current study developed a reliable and rapid test to detect antibodies against the conserved, nonstructural proteins (NSPs) of the FMD virus (FMDV) to distinguish infected animals from vaccinated animals. A monoclonal antibody (MAb) against the FMDV NSP 3B was produced. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for FMDV/NSP antibody detection was developed using a recombinant 3ABC protein as the antigen and the 3B-specific MAb. Sera collected from naive, FMDV experimentally infected, vaccinated carrier, and noncarrier animals were tested using the 3B cELISA. The diagnostic specificity was 99.4% for naive animals (cattle, pigs, and sheep) and 99.7% for vaccinated noncarrier animals. The diagnostic sensitivity was 100% for experimentally inoculated animals and 64% for vaccinated carrier animals. The performance of this 3B cELISA was compared to that of four commercial ELISA kits using a panel of serum samples established by the World Reference Laboratory for FMD at The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, United Kingdom. The diagnostic sensitivity of the 3B cELISA for the panel of FMDV/NSP-positive bovine serum samples was 94%, which was comparable to or better than that of the commercially available NSP antibody detection kits. This 3B cELISA is a simple, reliable test to detect antibodies against FMDV nonstructural proteins.

Differences in the susceptibility of dromedary and Bactrian camels to foot-and-mouth disease virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LARSKA ◽  
U. WERNERY ◽  
J. KINNE ◽  
R. SCHUSTER ◽  
G. ALEXANDERSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Type A ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Dromedary Camels ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Bactrian Camels ◽  
Fmdv Type

SUMMARYIn this study, two sheep, eight dromedary camels and two Bactrian camels were inoculated with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type A SAU 22/92. Five naive dromedary camels and four sheep were kept in direct or indirect contact with the inoculated camels. The inoculated sheep, which served as positive controls, displayed typical moderate clinical signs of FMD and developed viraemia and high antibody titres. The presence of the virus was also detected in probang and mouth-swab samples for several days after inoculation. In contrast, the inoculated dromedary camels were not susceptible to FMDV type A infection. None of them showed clinical signs of FMD or developed viraemia or specific anti-FMDV antibodies despite the high dose of virus inoculated. All the contact sheep and contact dromedaries that were kept together with the inoculated camels remained virus-negative and did not seroconvert when tested up to 28 days post-inoculation (p.i.). In comparison with the non-susceptible dromedaries, the two inoculated Bactrian camels showed moderate to severe clinical signs of FMD; however, the clinical signs of FMD appeared rather late, between 8 and 14 days p.i., compared to the inoculated sheep. Characteristic FMD lesions in the Bactrian camels, accompanied with severe lameness, were only observed on the hind feet. The presence of the virus in the serum samples of both Bactrian camels was detected by real-time RT–PCR in one of the animals on days 3 and 7 p.i. and in the second animal from days 1 to 3 p.i. and subsequently again on day 21 p.i. The Bactrian camels developed high titres of antibodies to the inoculated FMDV which appeared at 7–10 days p.i. and lasted up to 130 days p.i. Only low and transient amounts of FMDV were detected in the mouth-swab and probang samples collected from both Bactrian camels.

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