scholarly journals De Novo Assembly of the Pneumocystis jirovecii Genome from a Single Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Specimen from a Patient

mBio ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ousmane H. Cissé ◽  
Marco Pagni ◽  
Philippe M. Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Pneumocystis Jirovecii ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTPneumocystis jiroveciiis a fungus that causes severe pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. However, its study is hindered by the lack of anin vitroculture method. We report here the genome ofP. jiroveciithat was obtained from a single bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimen from a patient. The major challenge was thein silicosorting of the reads from a mixture representing the different organisms of the lung microbiome. This genome lacks virulence factors and most amino acid biosynthesis enzymes and presents reduced GC content and size. Together with epidemiological observations, these features suggest thatP. jiroveciiis an obligate parasite specialized in the colonization of human lungs, which causes disease only in immune-deficient individuals. This genome sequence will boost research on this deadly pathogen.IMPORTANCEPneumocystispneumonia is a major cause of mortality in patients with impaired immune systems. The availability of theP. jiroveciigenome sequence allows new analyses to be performed which open avenues to solve critical issues for this deadly human disease. The most important ones are (i) identification of nutritional supplements for development of culturein vitro, which is still lacking 100 years after discovery of the pathogen; (ii) identification of new targets for development of new drugs, given the paucity of present treatments and emerging resistance; and (iii) identification of targets for development of vaccines.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Three Porcine Streptococcus suis Isolates Which Differ in Their Susceptibility to Penicillin

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Niemann ◽  
Inga Eichhorn ◽  
Petra Müller ◽  
Jasmin Brauns ◽  
Rolf Nathaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type

The draft genome sequences of three Streptococcus suis isolates, IMT40343, IMT40201, and IMT40738, are presented here. These isolates were obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of healthy and diseased weaners from different German piglet-producing farms and differed in their susceptibility to penicillin.

scholarly journals The effect of induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on neutrophil migration in vitro

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnė Babušytė ◽  
Jolanta Jeroch ◽  
Rimantas Stakauskas ◽  
Kristina Stravinskaitė ◽  
Kęstutis Malakauskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Copd Patients

Objective. The aim of study was to investigate a chemotactic effect of induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on blood neutrophils in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy individuals. Material and methods. Forty-three smokers with COPD, 19 ex-smokers with COPD, 13 healthy smokers, and 17 healthy nonsmokers were recruited to the study. Neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood of study individuals. For the same experimental conditions, pooled induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 20 COPD patients were used. Neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro was performed in cell-transmigration chamber. Substances tested for chemoattraction (interleukin-8, induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid directly or in addition to interleukin-8) were added to lower wells. Upper wells were filled with 2.5×106/mL of neutrophil culture and incubated for 2 hours. Migration was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results. Interleukin-8 (10–100 ng/mL) induced a dose-dependant neutrophil migration in all the groups. Only 100 ng/L of interleukin-8 induced more intensive chemotaxis of neutrophils from COPD smokers as compared to ex-smokers (P<0.05). Such difference between healthy individuals was obtained using 30 ng/mL of interleukin-8 (P<0.05). Induced sputum/interleukin-8 (10–100 ng/mL), as well as induced sputum directly, induced neutrophil migration (P<0.05). Chemotaxis of neutrophils isolated from COPD patients and healthy nonsmokers did not depend on additional interleukin-8 concentration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid/interleukin-8 (30–100 ng/mL) induced more intensive migration of neutrophils from COPD patients than bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P<0.05) alone. Conclusions. Migration of neutrophils isolated from patients with COPD was more intensive compared to healthy individuals. Induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid directly and with addition of interleukin-8 stimulated chemotaxis, and it was higher in neutrophils from COPD patients. Migration of neutrophils did not depend on smoking status.

scholarly journals Azithromycin Attenuates Lung Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia by Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 3883-3888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Yamada ◽  
Katsunori Yanagihara ◽  
Norihito Kaku ◽  
Yosuke Harada ◽  
Yohei Migiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumanniiis one of the main pathogens that cause ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and is associated with a high rate of mortality. Little is known about the efficacy of macrolides againstA. baumannii. In order to confirm the efficacy of azithromycin (AZM) against VAP caused by multidrug-resistantA. baumannii(MDRAB), we used a mouse model that mimics VAP by placement of a plastic tube in the bronchus. AZM (10 and 100 mg/kg of body weight) was administered subcutaneously every 24 h beginning at 3 h after inoculation. Phosphate-buffered saline was administered as the control. Survival was evaluated over 7 days. At 48 h postinfection, mice were sacrificed and the numbers of viable bacteria in lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were compared. Histopathological analysis of lung specimens was also performed. The treatment groups displayed significantly longer survival than the control group (P< 0.05). AZM did not have an antimicrobial effect. Histopathological examination of lung specimens indicated that the progression of lung inflammation was prevented in the AZM-treated groups. Furthermore, total cell and neutrophil counts, as well as cytokine levels, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly decreased (P< 0.05) in the AZM-treated groups. AZM may have a role for the treatment of VAP with MDRAB because of its anti-inflammatory effects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document