scholarly journals Azithromycin Attenuates Lung Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia by Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 3883-3888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Yamada ◽  
Katsunori Yanagihara ◽  
Norihito Kaku ◽  
Yosuke Harada ◽  
Yohei Migiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTAcinetobacter baumanniiis one of the main pathogens that cause ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and is associated with a high rate of mortality. Little is known about the efficacy of macrolides againstA. baumannii. In order to confirm the efficacy of azithromycin (AZM) against VAP caused by multidrug-resistantA. baumannii(MDRAB), we used a mouse model that mimics VAP by placement of a plastic tube in the bronchus. AZM (10 and 100 mg/kg of body weight) was administered subcutaneously every 24 h beginning at 3 h after inoculation. Phosphate-buffered saline was administered as the control. Survival was evaluated over 7 days. At 48 h postinfection, mice were sacrificed and the numbers of viable bacteria in lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were compared. Histopathological analysis of lung specimens was also performed. The treatment groups displayed significantly longer survival than the control group (P< 0.05). AZM did not have an antimicrobial effect. Histopathological examination of lung specimens indicated that the progression of lung inflammation was prevented in the AZM-treated groups. Furthermore, total cell and neutrophil counts, as well as cytokine levels, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly decreased (P< 0.05) in the AZM-treated groups. AZM may have a role for the treatment of VAP with MDRAB because of its anti-inflammatory effects.

scholarly journals Yupingfeng Pulvis Regulates the Balance of T Cell Subsets in Asthma Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Xueting Cai ◽  
Zhonghua Pang ◽  
Dawei Wang ◽  
Juan Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Therapy Effect ◽  
Tract Infections

Background. Yupingfeng Pulvis (HFBP) had played an active role in many diseases, especially respiratory tract infections. Exploring the possible prevention mechanism of HFBP may provide new ideas in clinical applications for this well-known herbal formula.Purpose. To study the possible mechanisms of therapy effect of HFBP on asthma mice via regulating the balance of Tregs and Th17 cells.Method. The female BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: control group, model group, prednisone (5.5 mg/kg) group, and 22 g/kg HFBP and 44 g/kg HFBP groups. Ovalbumin was used to make the asthma model of mice; the drug was ig administered daily after atomization for consecutive 15 d. The mice were killed after the last administration. The paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the lungs were stained by H&E. Tregs and Th17 cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by flow cytometry. IL-4, TGF-β, and TNF-αin the serum were detected by ELISA assay.Results. HFBP could alleviate the inflammation in the lung tissue of mice, decrease the proportion of Th17 cells, and increase the proportion of Treg cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. HFBP could decrease IL-4 and TNF-αlevel and increase TGF-βlevel in blood.Conclusion. HFBP could treat the asthma through impacting the balance of Th17 cells and Treg cells as well as the levels of related inflammatory cytokines in asthma mice.

Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in a mouse model of bronchial asthma and H1N1 2009 infection

Cytokine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seigo Okada ◽  
Shunji Hasegawa ◽  
Hideki Hasegawa ◽  
Akira Ainai ◽  
Ryo Atsuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid

scholarly journals Suppression of Airway Allergic Reactions by a Photocatalytic Filter Using Mouse Model

Toxics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Taisuke Tomonaga ◽  
Hiroto Izumi ◽  
Chinatsu Nishida ◽  
Kaori Kato ◽  
Kazuhiro Yatera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Living Organisms

Photocatalytic filters installed in air purifiers have been used to purify spaces by decomposing allergenic substances. However, we have not found any reports that evaluate the effectiveness of photocatalytic filters in suppressing allergic reactions in living organisms. In this study, we intratracheally instilled ovalbumin (OVA) into OVA-sensitized mice after the OVA was photocatalyzed by a titanium dioxide (TiO2) filter, and verified the experimental model for evaluating the allergy-suppressing effect of photocatalysts. Mice were sensitized to OVA (10 µg/mouse) four times, and were intratracheally instilled with OVA (10 µg/mouse) after photocatalysis three times. Non-sensitized animals were instilled with normal saline following the same exposure schedule. The mice were dissected 24 h after final exposure. The OVA after photocatalysis significantly decreased the number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and the concentration of OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 in serum, which were elevated in untreated OVA. Moreover, our experimental model showed the suppression of allergic reactions in mice, along with the decomposition of OVA after photocatalysis using the photocatalytic filter. Taken together, our experimental model for evaluating allergic reactions in the respiratory tract suggested that the allergy-suppressing effect of the photocatalytic filter can be evaluated.

scholarly journals Galactomannan in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Nonneutropenic Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qidong Zhuang ◽  
Hongying Ma ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gm Detection

Background. We evaluated the utility of galactomannan (GM) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in nonneutropenic patients. Methods. A total of 183 patients were included in the final analysis. Bronchoscopies and the detection of GM in BALF were all performed on them. Results. Ten cases of IPA were diagnosed. ROC data demonstrated that, for diagnosing IPA, an optimal cutoff value for GM in BALF of 0.76 yielded a sensitivity of 100.0% and a specificity of 76.2%. Symptoms and radiological findings had no significant difference between proven or probable IPA group and non-IPA group. In our case-control analysis, although nine patients with false-positive results received treatment with Piperacillin/tazobactam, there was no significant difference between case and control group. Conclusions. BALF GM detection is a valuable adjunctive diagnostic tool. Our retrospective study suggests that the optimal value of GM detection in BALF is 0.76 in nonneutropenic patients.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Three Porcine Streptococcus suis Isolates Which Differ in Their Susceptibility to Penicillin

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Niemann ◽  
Inga Eichhorn ◽  
Petra Müller ◽  
Jasmin Brauns ◽  
Rolf Nathaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type

The draft genome sequences of three Streptococcus suis isolates, IMT40343, IMT40201, and IMT40738, are presented here. These isolates were obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of healthy and diseased weaners from different German piglet-producing farms and differed in their susceptibility to penicillin.

scholarly journals Increased Level of Annexin A1 in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid as a Potential Diagnostic Indicator for Lung Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Biaoxue ◽  
Cai Xiguang ◽  
Liu Hua ◽  
Fu Tian ◽  
Gao Wenlong
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lymphatic Invasion ◽  
Malignant Progression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annexin A1

Background Annexin A1 has been implicated in various tumor types, but few studies have investigated its involvement in lung cancer. The purpose of this investigation was to quantify the annexin A1 level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and analyze its usefulness in lung cancer diagnosis. Methods Annexin A1 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry and enzyme immunoassay. The sensitivity and specificity of annexin A1 for distinguishing lung cancer were determined by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Tumor tissues, BALF and serum of patients with lung cancer contained higher levels of annexin A1 than those of the control group of patients with benign lung diseases. Moreover, an increased level of BALF annexin A1 was closely correlated with lymphatic invasion and malignant progression of lung cancer. The sensitivity and specificity of BALF annexin A1 for distinguishing lung cancer were 94.2% and 90.2%, respectively. Conclusions Increased annexin A1 in BALF was correlated with lymphatic invasion and malignant progression of lung cancer, suggesting that it could be an indicator for discerning lung cancer and predicting outcome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification assay to detect carbapenemases from Acinetobacter spp. directly from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Moreno-Morales ◽  
A. Vergara ◽  
T. Kostyanev ◽  
J. Rodriguez-Baño ◽  
H. Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Amplification Assay ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

AbstractCarbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. mainly Acinetobacter baumannii are frequently causing nosocomial infections with high mortality. In this study, the efficacy of the Eazyplex® SuperBug Complete A system (Amplex Diagnostics GmbH, Gars-Bahnhof, Germany), based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), to detect the presence of carbapenemases in Acinetobacter spp. directly from bronchoalveolar lavage samples was assessed, detecting all tested carbapenemases in less than 30 minutes with a sensitivity of 103 CFU/ml.

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