scholarly journals Closely related DNA sequences specify distinct patterns of developmental expression in Drosophila melanogaster.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3272-3276 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Xiao ◽  
J T Lis
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Glucose Dehydrogenase ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Hsp70 Gene

Three short synthetic DNA sequences, which are closely related to one another, confer three distinct patterns of developmental expression on the heat shock hsp70 gene in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster lines. These results show that small variations or even single base pair changes in a repeated element of a regulatory sequence can create promoters that display new specificities of tissue and developmental regulation. Interestingly, the three patterns of developmental expression conferred by the synthetic DNAs resemble in part those of the known developmental genes: glucose dehydrogenase (Gld), Dopa decarboxylase (Ddc), and salivary gland secretory proteins (Sgs), respectively. In each case, the defined regulatory region of the known developmental gene contains multiple sequences that are similar or identical to the synthetic sequence that confers a similar pattern of developmental expression on the hsp70 gene. Thus, these results are congruent with the view that short sequence elements in multiple copies can confer either simple or relatively complex patterns of developmental expression on a receptive promoter like that of hsp70. Furthermore, the fact that the three variants tested produced three distinct patterns of expression in transgenic animals suggests that the number of different elements is large.

Closely related DNA sequences specify distinct patterns of developmental expression in Drosophila melanogaster

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3272-3276
Author(s):  
H Xiao ◽  
J T Lis
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Glucose Dehydrogenase ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Hsp70 Gene

Three short synthetic DNA sequences, which are closely related to one another, confer three distinct patterns of developmental expression on the heat shock hsp70 gene in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster lines. These results show that small variations or even single base pair changes in a repeated element of a regulatory sequence can create promoters that display new specificities of tissue and developmental regulation. Interestingly, the three patterns of developmental expression conferred by the synthetic DNAs resemble in part those of the known developmental genes: glucose dehydrogenase (Gld), Dopa decarboxylase (Ddc), and salivary gland secretory proteins (Sgs), respectively. In each case, the defined regulatory region of the known developmental gene contains multiple sequences that are similar or identical to the synthetic sequence that confers a similar pattern of developmental expression on the hsp70 gene. Thus, these results are congruent with the view that short sequence elements in multiple copies can confer either simple or relatively complex patterns of developmental expression on a receptive promoter like that of hsp70. Furthermore, the fact that the three variants tested produced three distinct patterns of expression in transgenic animals suggests that the number of different elements is large.

scholarly journals Heat shock and developmental regulation of the Drosophila melanogaster hsp83 gene.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1746-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Xiao ◽  
J T Lis
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Hsp70 Gene ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hsp83 Gene

In contrast to the hsp70 gene, whose expression is normally at a very low level and increases by more than 2 orders of magnitude during heat shock, the hsp83 gene in Drosophila melanogaster is expressed at high levels during normal development and increases only severalfold in response to heat shock. Developmental expression of the hsp83 gene consists of a high level of tissue-general, basal expression and a very high level of expression in ovaries. We identified regions upstream of the hsp83 gene that were required for its developmental and heat shock-induced expression by assaying beta-galactosidase activity and mRNA levels in transgenic animals containing a series of 5' deletion and insertion mutations of an hsp83-lacZ fusion gene. Deletion of sequences upstream of the overlapping array of a previously defined heat shock consensus (HSC) sequence eliminated both forms of developmental expression of the hsp83 gene. As a result, the hsp83 gene with this deletion mutation was regulated like that of the hsp70 gene. Moreover, an in vivo polymer competition assay revealed that the overlapping HSC sequences of the hsp83 gene and the nonoverlapping HSC sequences of the hsp70 gene had similar affinities for the factor required for heat induction of the two heat shock genes. We discuss the functional similarity of hsp70 and hsp83 heat shock regulation in terms of a revised view of the heat shock-regulatory sequence.

Heat shock and developmental regulation of the Drosophila melanogaster hsp83 gene

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1746-1753
Author(s):  
H Xiao ◽  
J T Lis
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Hsp70 Gene ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hsp83 Gene

In contrast to the hsp70 gene, whose expression is normally at a very low level and increases by more than 2 orders of magnitude during heat shock, the hsp83 gene in Drosophila melanogaster is expressed at high levels during normal development and increases only severalfold in response to heat shock. Developmental expression of the hsp83 gene consists of a high level of tissue-general, basal expression and a very high level of expression in ovaries. We identified regions upstream of the hsp83 gene that were required for its developmental and heat shock-induced expression by assaying beta-galactosidase activity and mRNA levels in transgenic animals containing a series of 5' deletion and insertion mutations of an hsp83-lacZ fusion gene. Deletion of sequences upstream of the overlapping array of a previously defined heat shock consensus (HSC) sequence eliminated both forms of developmental expression of the hsp83 gene. As a result, the hsp83 gene with this deletion mutation was regulated like that of the hsp70 gene. Moreover, an in vivo polymer competition assay revealed that the overlapping HSC sequences of the hsp83 gene and the nonoverlapping HSC sequences of the hsp70 gene had similar affinities for the factor required for heat induction of the two heat shock genes. We discuss the functional similarity of hsp70 and hsp83 heat shock regulation in terms of a revised view of the heat shock-regulatory sequence.

scholarly journals Molecular and developmental characterization of the heat shock cognate 4 gene of Drosophila melanogaster.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3232-3238 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Perkins ◽  
J S Doctor ◽  
K Zhang ◽  
L Stinson ◽  
N Perrimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Hsp70 Gene ◽  
Abundant Protein ◽  
Cognate Gene ◽  
Gene 4

The Drosophila heat shock cognate gene 4 (hsc4), a member of the hsp70 gene family, encodes an abundant protein, hsc70, that is more similar to the constitutively expressed human protein than the Drosophila heat-inducible hsp70. Developmental expression revealed that hsc4 transcripts are enriched in cells active in endocytosis and those undergoing rapid growth and changes in shape.

Identification of a cis-acting sequence required for germ line-specific splicing of the P element ORF2-ORF3 intron

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1538-1546
Author(s):  
A C Chain ◽  
S Zollman ◽  
J C Tseng ◽  
F A Laski
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Splice Site ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
P Element ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
The Third

P element transposition in Drosophila melanogaster is limited to the germ line because the third intron (the ORF2-ORF3 intron) of the P element transcript is spliced only in germ line cells. We describe a systematic search for P element sequences that are required to regulate the splicing of the ORF2-ORF3 intron. We have identified three adjacent mutations that abolish the germ line specificity and allow splicing of this intron in all tissues. These mutations define a 20-base regulatory region located in the exon, 12 to 31 bases from the 5' splice site. Our data show that this cis-acting regulatory sequence is required to inhibit the splicing of the ORF2-ORF3 intron in somatic cells.

Molecular and developmental characterization of the heat shock cognate 4 gene of Drosophila melanogaster

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3232-3238
Author(s):  
L A Perkins ◽  
J S Doctor ◽  
K Zhang ◽  
L Stinson ◽  
N Perrimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Hsp70 Gene ◽  
Abundant Protein ◽  
Cognate Gene ◽  
Gene 4

The Drosophila heat shock cognate gene 4 (hsc4), a member of the hsp70 gene family, encodes an abundant protein, hsc70, that is more similar to the constitutively expressed human protein than the Drosophila heat-inducible hsp70. Developmental expression revealed that hsc4 transcripts are enriched in cells active in endocytosis and those undergoing rapid growth and changes in shape.

Developmental expression and organisation of fibrinogen genes in the zebrafish

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (01) ◽  
pp. 158-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silja Vorjohann ◽  
Frédérique Béna ◽  
Alexandre Fort ◽  
Richard J. Fish ◽  
Marguerite Neerman-Arbez
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Transgenic Zebrafish ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Chain Reactions

SummaryThe zebrafish is a model organism for studying vertebrate development and many human diseases. Orthologues of the majority of human coagulation factors are present in zebrafish, including fibrinogen. As a first step towards using zebrafish to model human fibrinogen disorders, we cloned the zebrafish fibrinogen cDNAs and made in situ hybridisations and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCR) to detect zebrafish fibrinogen mRNAs. Prior to liver development or blood flow we detected zebrafish fibrinogen expression in the embryonic yolk syncytial layer and then in the early cells of the developing liver. While human fibrinogen is encoded by a three-gene, 50 kilobase (kb) cluster on chromosome 4 (FGB-FGA-FGG), recent genome assemblies showed that the zebrafish fgg gene appears distanced from fga and fgb, which we confirmed by in situ hybridisation. The zebrafish fibrinogen Bβ and γ protein chains are conserved at over 50% of amino acid positions, compared to the human polypeptides. The zebrafish Aα chain is less conserved and its C-terminal region is nearly 200 amino acids shorter than human Aα. We generated transgenic zebrafish which express a green fluorescent protein reporter gene under the control of a 1.6 kb regulatory region from zebrafish fgg. Transgenic embryos showed strong fluorescence in the developing liver, mimicking endogenous fibrinogen expression. This regulatory sequence can now be used for overexpression of transgenes in zebrafish hepatocytes. Our study is a proof-of-concept step towards using zebrafish to model human disease linked to fibrinogen gene mutations.

scholarly journals Identification of a cis-acting sequence required for germ line-specific splicing of the P element ORF2-ORF3 intron.

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1538-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Chain ◽  
S Zollman ◽  
J C Tseng ◽  
F A Laski
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Splice Site ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
P Element ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
The Third

P element transposition in Drosophila melanogaster is limited to the germ line because the third intron (the ORF2-ORF3 intron) of the P element transcript is spliced only in germ line cells. We describe a systematic search for P element sequences that are required to regulate the splicing of the ORF2-ORF3 intron. We have identified three adjacent mutations that abolish the germ line specificity and allow splicing of this intron in all tissues. These mutations define a 20-base regulatory region located in the exon, 12 to 31 bases from the 5' splice site. Our data show that this cis-acting regulatory sequence is required to inhibit the splicing of the ORF2-ORF3 intron in somatic cells.

scholarly journals Developmental expression of the glucose dehydrogenase gene in Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Cox-Foster ◽  
C P Schonbaum ◽  
M T Murtha ◽  
D R Cavener
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Glucose Dehydrogenase ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Genital Imaginal Disc ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
High Level

Abstract The Gld gene of Drosophila melanogaster is transiently expressed during every stage of development. The temporal pattern of Gld expression is highly correlated with that of ecdysteroids. Exogeneous treatment of third instar larvae with 20-hydroxyecdysone induces the accumulation of Gld mRNA in the hypoderm and anterior spiracular gland cells. During metamorphosis Gld is expressed in a variety of tissues derived from the ectoderm. In the developing reproductive tract, Gld mRNA accumulates in the female spermathecae and oviduct and in the male ejaculatory duct and ejaculatory bulb. These four organs are derived from closely related cell lineages in the genital imaginal disc. Since the expression of Gld is not required for the development of these reproductive structures, this spatial pattern of expression is most likely a fortuitous consequence of a shared regulatory factor in this cell lineage. At the adult stage a high level of the Gld mRNA is only observed in the male ejaculatory duct.

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