Developmentally regulated expression of a human "finger"-containing gene encoded by the 5' half of the ret transforming gene

We isolated and sequenced a cDNA clone of the human gene encoded by the 5' half of the ret transforming gene. The nucleotide sequence indicates that it encodes a protein with "finger" structures which represent putative metal- and nucleic acid-binding domains. Transcription of this gene was detected at high levels in a variety of human and rodent tumor cell lines, mouse testis, and embryos. In addition, a unique transcript was observed in testis RNA. When the expression of the unique transcript was examined at different stages of spermatogenesis, a striking increase in mRNA levels accompanied progression from meiotic prophase pachytene spermatocytes to postmeiotic round spermatids. This finger-containing gene may thus function in male germ cell development.

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Expression of a duplicate Na,K-ATPase β1-isoform in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.1.r222 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 279 (1) ◽

pp. R222-R229 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Christopher P. Cutler ◽

Stephane Brezillon ◽

Songul Bekir ◽

Ian L. Sanders ◽

Neil Hazon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Functional Role ◽

Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽

Anguilla Anguilla ◽

European Eel ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Developmentally Regulated ◽

Regulated Expression ◽

Seawater Acclimation

Recent studies on teleost fish have suggested that their genomes have undergone ancient polyploidization events resulting in the duplication of the genome. A duplicate copy of the Na,K-ATPase β1-isoform (called β233) has been identified in the European eel ( Anguilla anguilla). The β233-isoform shares high levels of nucleotide (74.8%) and amino acid (69.9%) homology with the eel β1-subunit as well as other vertebrate β1-sequences. Compared with the widely expressed β1-isoform, expression of β233-mRNA is mainly restricted to epithelial tissues. Seawater acclimation induced increases in β233-mRNA levels in kidney, gill, and intestine of migratory “silver” but not the nonmigratory “yellow” adult eels, suggesting that the factors responsible for this upregulation are themselves developmentally regulated. Expression of a variably glycosylated 40- to 52-kDa β233-protein in both gill “chloride” and intestinal epithelial cells suggests that the β233-isoform of Na,K-ATPase may play an important functional role in the major osmoregulatory tissues of euryhaline fish such as the eel.

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Developmentally regulated expression of cytochrome-c oxidase isoforms in regenerating rat skeletal muscle

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1998.85.1.246 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 246-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chalermporn Ongvarrasopone ◽

John M. Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome C ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽

Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽

Developmental Expression ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽

Developmentally Regulated ◽

Actin Isoforms ◽

Regulated Expression ◽

Actin Mrna

The developmental expression of tissue-specific isoforms of cytochrome- c oxidase (COX) subunit VIII [heart (COX VIII-H) and liver (COX VIII-L)] and the influence of innervation were examined in regenerating fast [extensor digitorum longus (EDL)] and slow (soleus) muscles. In adult muscles, COX VIII-H was the predominant isoform. The COX VIII-L mRNA was expressed 3 days after induction of regeneration, and it progressively decreased after 7, 10, 14, and 30 days of regeneration in both muscles. In contrast, the expression of COX VIII-H mRNA accumulated as myogenesis proceeded to the myotube stage between 7 and 10 days of regeneration and progressively increased to near control levels by 30 days. The influence of innervation on the expression of COX VIII and α-actin isoforms was examined in control, innervated, and denervated regenerating muscles at 3 and 10 days. The relative expression of COX VIII-L mRNA in denervated regenerating EDL muscles was significantly greater, while that of COX VIII-H was significantly less than in innervated regenerating EDL muscles after 10 days of regeneration. Similarly, cardiac α-actin mRNA levels were elevated in denervated regenerating EDL muscles after 10 days of regeneration. In conclusion, motor innervation influences the transition from the COX VIII-L to COX VIII-H isoform during myogenesis in regenerating muscles.

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Mapping and characterization of antigenic epitopes and the nucleic acid-binding domains of the VP6 protein of bluetongue viruses.

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.68.6.3604-3611.1994 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 3604-3611 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E Hayama ◽

J K Li

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acid ◽

Nucleic Acid Binding ◽

Binding Domains ◽

Antigenic Epitopes

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Analysis of mRNA levels for developmentally regulated prespore specific glutamine synthetase in Dictyostelium discoideum

Development Growth & Differentiation ◽

10.1046/j.1440-169x.1997.t01-4-00009.x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 617-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andrew J. Dunbar ◽

John F. Wheldrake

Keyword(s):

Glutamine Synthetase ◽

Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Developmentally Regulated

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Changes in mRNA length accompany translational regulation of the somatic and testis-specific cytochrome c genes during spermatogenesis in the mouse

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.110.1.249 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 110 (1) ◽

pp. 249-257

Author(s):

L.E. Hake ◽

A.A. Alcivar ◽

N.B. Hecht

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome C ◽

Translational Regulation ◽

Northern Blot Analysis ◽

Size Class ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Germinal Cell ◽

Somatic Tissues ◽

Mrna Length ◽

Pachytene Spermatocytes ◽

Germinal Cells

The mouse testis contains two isotypes of cytochrome c, which differ in 14 of 104 amino acids: cytochrome cs is present in all somatic tissues and cytochrome cT is testis specific. The regulation of cytochrome cS and cytochrome cT gene expression during spermatogenesis was examined by Northern blot analysis using specific cDNA probes. Total RNA was isolated from adult tissues, enriched germinal cell populations and polysomal gradients of total testis and isolated germinal cells. Three cytochrome cS mRNAs were detected averaging 1.3 kb, 1.1 kb and 0.7 kb in all tissues examined; an additional 1.7 kb mRNA was observed in testis. Isolated germinal cells through prepuberal pachytene spermatocytes contained only the three smaller mRNAs; the 1.7 kb mRNA was enriched in round spermatids. All three smaller cytochrome cS mRNAs were present on polysomes; the 1.7 kb mRNA was non-polysomal. Cytochrome cT mRNA of 0.6-0.9 kb was detected in testis; mRNA levels were low in early spermatogonia and peaked in prepuberal pachytene spermatocytes. In adult pachytene spermatocytes, a subset of the cytochrome cT mRNAs, 0.7-0.9 kb, was present on polysomes; a shortened size class, 0.6-0.75 kb, was non-polysomal. A distinct, primarily non-polysomal, cytochrome cT 0.7 kb mRNA was present in round spermatids. These results indicate that (1) both cytochrome cS and cytochrome cT mRNAs are present in early meiotic cells, (2) a 1.7 kb cytochrome cS mRNA is post-meiotically expressed and non-polysomal and (3) cytochrome cS and cytochrome cT mRNAs are each developmentally and translationally regulated during spermatogenesis.

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Developmentally regulated expression of soybean proline-rich cell wall protein genes.

The Plant Cell ◽

10.1105/tpc.1.9.937 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 1 (9) ◽

pp. 937-943 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

J C Hong ◽

R T Nagao ◽

J L Key

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Cell Wall Protein ◽

Developmentally Regulated ◽

Regulated Expression

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Isolation of Developmentally Regulated Genes fromToxoplasma gondii by a Gene Trap with the Positive and Negative Selectable Marker Hypoxanthine-Xanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.18.2.807 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 807-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Laura J. Knoll ◽

John C. Boothroyd

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Selectable Marker ◽

Insertion Site ◽

Gene Trap ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Developmentally Regulated ◽

S1 Nuclease ◽

Nuclease Digestion

ABSTRACT Within its intermediate host, Toxoplasma gondiiswitches between two forms: a rapidly replicating tachyzoite and an encysted bradyzoite. Bradyzoites persist within the host throughout its life, hidden from antimicrobial agents and the immune system. The signals that mediate switching are poorly understood. A gene trap was employed to isolate genes whose expression is up-regulated early in the switching of bradyzoites via the negative and positive selectable marker hypoxanthine-xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HXGPRT). T. gondii was transfected with promoterlessHXGPRT and negatively selected with 6-thioxanthine to inhibit the growth of tachyzoites expressing HXGPRT. The surviving tachyzoites were then induced for in vitro bradyzoite formation and treated with mycophenolic acid and xanthine to positively select for parasites in which the construct had integrated downstream of a bradyzoite-specific gene. Strains were checked for their ability to differentiate by using Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (a bradyzoite-specific lectin) and a monoclonal antibody against P36 (a bradyzoite-specific surface antigen). After differentiation, all gene-trapped clones had Dolichos immunofluorescence and all but one expressed P36. The sequences flanking the insertion site of this P36-negative strain were homologous to the Toxoplasmafamily of surface antigens, strongly suggesting that P36 is encoded by the disruptive gene. Genetic mapping and complementation of the P36-negative strain further indicated that the disrupted gene is P36. Reverse transcriptase PCR and S1 nuclease digestion were used to compare mRNA levels during the tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages. The presumptive P36 gene does not appear to regulate its mRNA levels between the two stages, indicating a posttranscriptional mechanism of regulation for early bradyzoite-specific genes.

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