THE ANAEROBIC MESOPHILIC CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIA 1

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to systematically evaluate and compare the effects of select antimethanogen compounds on methane production, feed digestion and fermentation, and populations of ruminal bacteria and methanogens usingin vitrocultures. Seven compounds, including 2-bromoethanesulphonate (BES), propynoic acid (PA), nitroethane (NE), ethyltrans-2-butenoate (ETB), 2-nitroethanol (2NEOH), sodium nitrate (SN), and ethyl-2-butynote (EB), were tested at a final concentration of 12 mM. Ground alfalfa hay was included as the only substrate to simulate daily forage intake. Compared to no-inhibitor controls, PA, 2NEOH, and SN greatly reduced the production of methane (70 to 99%), volatile fatty acids (VFAs; 46 to 66%), acetate (30 to 60%), and propionate (79 to 82%), with 2NEOH reducing the most. EB reduced methane production by 23% without a significant effect on total VFAs, acetate, or propionate. BES significantly reduced the propionate concentration but not the production of methane, total VFAs, or acetate. ETB or NE had no significant effect on any of the above-mentioned measurements. Specific quantitative-PCR (qPCR) assays showed that none of the inhibitors significantly affected total bacterial populations but that they did reduce theFibrobacter succinogenespopulation. SN reduced theRuminococcus albuspopulation, while PA and 2NEOH increased the populations of bothR. albusandRuminococcus flavefaciens. Archaeon-specific PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that all the inhibitors affected the methanogen population structure, while archaeon-specific qPCR revealed a significant decrease in methanogen population in all treatments. These results showed that EB, ETB, NE, and BES can effectively reduce the total population of methanogens but that they reduce methane production to a lesser extent. The results may guide futureinvivostudies to develop effective mitigation of methane emission from ruminants.

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Cellulolytic bacteria from soils in harsh environments

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s11274-012-1025-2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 2195-2203 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Fábio Lino Soares ◽

Itamar Soares Melo ◽

Armando Cavalcante Franco Dias ◽

Fernando Dini Andreote

Keyword(s):

Harsh Environments ◽

Cellulolytic Bacteria

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Diarrhea-associated pathogens, lactobacilli and cellulolytic bacteria in equine feces: Responses to antibiotic challenge

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.05.003 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 166 (1-2) ◽

pp. 225-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Brittany E. Harlow ◽

Laurie M. Lawrence ◽

Michael D. Flythe

Keyword(s):

Cellulolytic Bacteria

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Influence of an aerobic fungus grown on solid culture on ruminal degradability and on a mixture culture of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00912.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 94 (3) ◽

pp. 330-337

Author(s):

R Hernández-Díaz ◽

D. J Pimentel-González ◽

A. C Figueira ◽

G Viniegra-González ◽

R. G Campos-Montiel

Keyword(s):

Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽

Solid Culture ◽

Ruminal Degradability

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Ethanol production using vegetable peels medium and the effective role of cellulolytic bacterial (Bacillus subtilis) pre-treatment

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.13952.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 271

Author(s):

Salman Khan Promon ◽

Wasif Kamal ◽

Shafkat Shamim Rahman ◽

M. Mahboob Hossain ◽

Naiyyum Choudhury

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Ethanol Production ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Raw Material ◽

Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽

Alcohol Production

Background: The requirement of an alternative clean energy source is increasing with the elevating energy demand of modern age. Bioethanol is considered as an excellent candidate to satiate this demand.Methods:Yeast isolates were used for the production of bioethanol using cellulosic vegetable wastes as substrate. Efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into ethanol was achieved by the action of cellulolytic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis). After proper isolation, identification and characterization of stress tolerances (thermo-, ethanol-, pH-, osmo- & sugar tolerance), optimization of physiochemical parameters for ethanol production by the yeast isolates was assessed. Very inexpensive and easily available raw materials (vegetable peels) were used as fermentation media. Fermentation was optimized with respect to temperature, reducing sugar concentration and pH.Results:It was observed that temperatures of 30°C and pH 6.0 were optimum for fermentation with a maximum yield of ethanol. The results indicated an overall increase in yields upon the pretreatment ofBacillus subtilis; maximum ethanol percentages for isolate SC1 obtained after 48-hour incubation under pretreated substrate was 14.17% in contrast to untreated media which yielded 6.21% after the same period. Isolate with the highest ethanol production capability was identified as members of the ethanol-producingSaccharomycesspecies after stress tolerance studies and biochemical characterization using Analytical Profile Index (API) ® 20C AUX and nitrate broth test. Introduction ofBacillus subtilisincreased the alcohol production rate from the fermentation of cellulosic materials.Conclusions:The study suggested that the kitchen waste can serve as an excellent raw material in ethanol fermentation.

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Performance and Carcass Production of Balinese Ducks Given Rumen Watse Based Biosupplement Rations

Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences ◽

10.24843/atbes.2017.v01.i02.p01 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina Dewi ◽

I Nyoman Sutarpa Sutama ◽

I Wayan Wijana ◽

I Made Mudita

Keyword(s):

Rumen Content ◽

Meat Production ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽

Randomized Sampling ◽

Bacterial Inoculants ◽

The Village

A study aimed at studying the performance and production of Balinese duck carcasses that were given rations containing biosupplement-based waste of rumen content, conducted in the village of Peguyangan, Denpasar, Bali, for 3 months. Four biosupplements produced in this study were 1) BR0 = biosupplement with fermented rumen based waste without bacterial isolates, 2) BR1 = biosupplement with fermented rumen based waste with superior 1 cellulolytic bacteria inoculant (BR3.5), 3) BR2 = biosupplement with fermented rumen based waste with superior 2 cellulolytic bacterial inoculants (BR3.3), 4) BRmix = biosupplement with fermented rumen based waste with combination of superior cellulolytic bacteria 1 and 2 (BR3.5 and BR3.3), The study was carried out with Completely Randomized Sampling/CR Design with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions, in which each repetition consisted of 5 Balinese ducklings aged 2 weeks. The treatment given was to ducks given supplemented ration with BR0; BR1; BR2; BRmix, respectively for the treatment of R1; R2; R3; and R4, as well as ducks that were given basal rations without supplementation (R5). The results showed that the performance of duck that received treatment of R2 was significantly better (P<0,05) than R1, R3, R4 and R5, while the carcass butching weight and fat weight were not significantly different (P>0,05) . Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded; 1) the performance of Balinese ducks receiving ration biosupplement of R2 is better compared to R1, R3, R4 and R5; 2) Meat production/ducks carcasses to the weight of butchery, carcass production, non-carcass parts and body fats are not significantly real between all treatments.

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Skrining Bakteri Selulolitik Asal Saluran Pencernaan Rayap Untuk Mendekomposisi Tunggul Karet

Journal of Tropical Silviculture ◽

10.29244/j-siltrop.9.3.217-222 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 217-222

Author(s):

Silviana Arsyad ◽

Suryo Wiyono ◽

Elis Nina Herliyana

Keyword(s):

Social Insects ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽

Source Of Infection ◽

Termite Gut ◽

Dry Wood ◽

Microbial Symbionts ◽

Tree Stump

The rubber tree stump is a source of white root fungus inoculums and as a source of infection that causes the death of rubber plant. The emergence of this disease is closely related to the cleanliness of the land such as leftover trees or stumps, shrubs and bushes which stacked or still in the ground. One of the symbionts organisms found in gut of termite and play a role in the decomposition of cellulose, are bacteria. Termite are social insects that are efficiently decompose lignocelluloses with the aid of their associated microbial symbionts located in termite gut. The purpose of this study was to obtain cellulolytic bacterial isolates are derived from gut of termite and getting an cellulolytic which showed the best ability in decomposing rubber tree stumps. The result termite samples from oil palm, rubber, and dry wood contain cellulolytic bacteria characterized by clear zones around bacterial colonies. Bacterial isolates showing the ability to degrade cellulose are 31 isolates and five isolates are safe for plants, animals, or mammals. The three bacterial isolates (NK 4, NS 4, and NS 5) used in the test on rubber tree stumps able to decompose rubber tree stump. Bacterial isolates were each obtained NK 4 13.52%, NS 4 18.40% and NS 5 17.88%.Keywords: bacteria cellulolytic, rubber tree stumps, termite

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