Acute Inflammation Confers Enhanced Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Mice

Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative agent of tuberculosis disease, is estimated to infect one-fourth of the world’s population and is one of the leading causes of death due to an infectious disease worldwide. The high-level variability in tuberculosis disease responses in the human populace may be linked to immune processes related to inflammation.

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Laboratory Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Disease in Children

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.03043-15 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 1434-1441 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

James J. Dunn ◽

Jeffrey R. Starke ◽

Paula A. Revell

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Latent Infection ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Molecular Tools ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Content Type ◽

Advanced Technologies ◽

Tuberculosis In Children ◽

Immunodiagnostic Tests ◽

Tuberculosis Disease

Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is challenging; even with advanced technologies, the diagnosis is often difficult to confirm microbiologically in part due to the paucibacillary nature of the disease. Clinical diagnosis lacks standardization, and traditional and molecular microbiologic methods lack sensitivity, particularly in children. Immunodiagnostic tests may improve sensitivity, but these tests cannot distinguish tuberculosis disease from latent infection and some lack specificity. While molecular tools like Xpert MTB/RIF have advanced our ability to detectMycobacterium tuberculosisand to determine antimicrobial resistance, decades old technologies remain the standard in most locales. Today, the battle against this ancient disease still poses one of the primary diagnostic challenges in pediatric laboratory medicine.

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Galectin-8 Senses Phagosomal Damage and Recruits Selective Autophagy Adapter TAX1BP1 To Control Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Macrophages

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.01871-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samantha L. Bell ◽

Kayla L. Lopez ◽

Jeffery S. Cox ◽

Kristin L. Patrick ◽

Robert O. Watson

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Harsh Environment ◽

Intracellular Pathogens ◽

First Line ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Content Type ◽

Selective Autophagy ◽

Global Population

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infects one-quarter of the global population and causes one of the deadliest infectious diseases worldwide. Macrophages are the first line of defense against Mtb infection and are typically incredibly efficient at destroying intracellular pathogens, but Mtb has evolved to survive and replicate in this harsh environment.

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PROTEASES ASSOCIATED WITH Mycobacterium tuberculosis INFECTION

Revista de Patologia Tropical / Journal of Tropical Pathology ◽

10.5216/rpt.v48i1.56992 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Rayanny Gomes de Andrade ◽

Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis ◽

Andre Kipnis

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Amino Acids ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Infection Process ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Obligate Intracellular Bacterium ◽

Biological Cycle ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Peptide Bonds ◽

Obligate Intracellular

Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an obligate intracellular bacterium that relies on infection and host to host transmission to survive. In a co-evolution process, the pathogen developed virulence mechanisms to evade the host’s immune system and endure many factors, such as cellular stress for example. One of the strategies used by pathogens to achieve success in their infection is the production of proteases, which are enzymes that cleave peptide bonds between the amino acids in a protein. Proteases are widely distributed in the nature and have different roles that are considered important to the bacteria biological cycle. M. tuberculosis have several protease coding genes in its genome, many of which with unknown function, but several with attributed role in the infection process. This review presents the literature searched between 2014 and 2018 that addressed the roles of the proteases involved in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

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The current state of animal models and genomic approaches towards identifying and validating molecular determinants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease

Pathogens and Disease ◽

10.1093/femspd/ftz037 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Allison N Bucsan ◽

Smriti Mehra ◽

Shabaana A Khader ◽

Deepak Kaushal

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Animal Models ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

Current State ◽

Modern Genomic ◽

Tuberculosis Disease ◽

Immune Profiling

ABSTRACT Animal models are important in understanding both the pathogenesis of and immunity to tuberculosis (TB). Unfortunately, we are beginning to understand that no animal model perfectly recapitulates the human TB syndrome, which encompasses numerous different stages. Furthermore, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is a very heterogeneous event at both the levels of pathogenesis and immunity. This review seeks to establish the current understanding of TB pathogenesis and immunity, as validated in the animal models of TB in active use today. We especially focus on the use of modern genomic approaches in these models to determine the mechanism and the role of specific molecular pathways. Animal models have significantly enhanced our understanding of TB. Incorporation of contemporary technologies such as single cell transcriptomics, high-parameter flow cytometric immune profiling, proteomics, proteomic flow cytometry and immunocytometry into the animal models in use will further enhance our understanding of TB and facilitate the development of treatment and vaccination strategies.

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Mutations leading to drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in Ukraine

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-009-0114-6 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 30-35

Author(s):

Kate Antonenko ◽

Valentin Kresyun ◽

Peter Antonenko

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Acquired Resistance ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Resistance Level ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Pcr Method ◽

Detection Of Mutations ◽

High Level

AbstractThe goal of this research was detection of the drug-resistance level of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the Odesa region of Southwest Ukraine, investigation of the level of mutation in katG and rpoB genes for M. tuberculosis with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and spread of these mutations in different groups of patients with tuberculosis. An extremely high level of primary and acquired resistance of M. tuberculosis to first-line antituberculosis drugs has been found in the Southwest region of Ukraine. The PCR method has proved to have high sensitivity in the detection of mutations in katG and rpoB genes. The data showed significant spreading of M. tuberculosis strains with mutations in katG and rpoB genes in penitentiaries and an increased level of these mutations during tuberculosis treatment. The presence of mutations in rpoB and katG genes was associated with a more severe course of tuberculosis, increased risk of treatment default, persistence of positive smears on microscopy at discharge, and poor closing of tuberculous cavities. Extremely high level of mutations in the rpoB and katG genes of M. tuberculosis was observed in Beijing family strains. Our findings support the capability of the PCR method to detect M. tuberculosis that is resistant to drugs such as isoniazid and rifampicin.

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