Seasonally specific responses of the East Asian monsoon to deglacial climate changes

AbstractA high-resolution pollen and Pediastrum record, spanning 12,500 yr, is presented for Lake Bayanchagan , southern Inner Mongolia. Individual pollen taxa (PT-MAT) and the PFT affinity scores (PFT-MAT) were used for quantitative climatic reconstruction from pollen and algal data. Both techniques indicate that a cold and dry climate, similar to that of today, prevailed before 10,500 cal yr B.P. The wettest climate occurred between ∼10,500 and 6500 cal yr B.P., at which time annual precipitation was up to 30–60% higher than today. The early Holocene increases in temperature and precipitation occurred simultaneously, but mid-Holocene cooling started at approximately 8000 cal yr B.P., 1500 yr earlier than the drying. Vegetation reconstruction was based on the objective assignment of pollen taxa to the plant functional type. The results suggest that this region was dominated by steppe vegetation throughout the Holocene, except for the period ∼9200 to ∼6700 cal yr B.P., when forest patches were relatively common. Inner Mongolia is situated at the limit of the present East Asian monsoon and patterns of vegetation and climate changes in that region during the Holocene probably reflect fluctuations in the monsoon's response to solar insolation variations. The early to middle Holocene monsoon undoubtedly extended to more northern latitudes than at present.

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Climate changes at millennium scale in East Asian monsoon during OIS3a in Badain Jaran Desert, China

Environmental Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s12665-017-6385-3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Fengnian Wang ◽

Baosheng Li ◽

Shuping Jiang ◽

Dongfeng Niu ◽

Xiaohao Wen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Changes ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Badain Jaran Desert

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Terrigenous sediment variations in the western South China Sea and their implications to East Asian monsoon evolution during the last glacial-interglacial cycle

Quaternary International ◽

10.1016/j.quaint.2021.02.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 580 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Pham Nhu Sang ◽

Zhifei Liu

Keyword(s):

South China Sea ◽

South China ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Terrigenous Sediment ◽

China Sea ◽

Last Glacial ◽

Western South China Sea ◽

The Last Glacial

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Linking Holocene East Asian monsoon variability to solar forcing and ENSO activity: Multi-proxy evidence from a peatland in Northeastern China

The Holocene ◽

10.1177/0959683621994662 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095968362199466

Author(s):

Nannan Li ◽

Arash Sharifi ◽

Frank M Chambers ◽

Yong Ge ◽

Nathalie Dubois ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

Asian Summer Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Northeastern China ◽

Solar Irradiation ◽

Enso Events ◽

Monsoon Area ◽

Wavelet Coherency ◽

Cross Wavelet

High-resolution proxy-based paleoenvironmental records derived from peatlands provide important insights into climate changes over centennial to millennial timescales. In this study, we present a composite climatic index (CCI) for the Hani peatland from northeastern China, based on an innovative combination of pollen-spore, phytolith, and grain size data. We use the CCI to reconstruct variations of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) intensity during the Holocene. This is accomplished with complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMD), REDFIT, and cross-wavelet coherency analysis to reveal the periodicities (frequencies) of the multi-proxy derived CCI sequences and to assess potential external forcing of the EASM. The results showed that periodicities of ca. 300–350, 475, 600, 1075, and 1875 years were present in the Hani CCI sequence. Those periodicities are consistent with previously published periodicities in East Asia, indicating they are a product of external climate controls over an extensive region, rather than random variations caused by peatland-specific factors. Cross-wavelet coherency analysis between the decomposed CCI components and past solar activity reconstructions suggests that variations of solar irradiation are most likely responsible for the cyclic characteristics at 500-year frequency. We propose a conceptual model to interpret how the sun regulates the monsoon climate via coupling with oceanic and atmospheric circulations. It seems that slight solar irradiation changes can be amplified by coupling with ENSO events, which result in a significant impact on the regional climate in the East Asian monsoon area.

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Changes in Paleovegetation and Paleoclimate in China Since the Late Middle Pleistocene: A Case Study of the Dajiuhu Basin

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13094848 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 4848

Author(s):

Liwei Wu ◽

Xinling Li ◽

Qinghai Xu ◽

Manyue Li ◽

Qiufeng Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

Asian Summer Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Central China ◽

Middle Pleistocene ◽

Pollen Record ◽

The Difference ◽

Late Middle Pleistocene

The East Asian monsoon system is an important part of global atmospheric circulation; however, records of the East Asian monsoon from different regions exhibit different evolutionary rhythms. Here, we show a high-resolution record of grain size and pollen data from a lacustrine sediment core of Dajiuhu Lake in Shennongjia, Hubei Province, China, in order to reconstruct the paleovegetation and paleoeclimate evolution of the Dajiuhu Basin since the late Middle Pleistocene (~237.9 ka to the present). The results show that grain size and pollen record of the core DJH-2 are consistent with the δ18O record of stalagmites from Sanbao Cave in the same area, which is closely related to the changes of insolation at the precessional (~20-kyr) scale in the Northern Hemisphere. This is different from the records of the Asian summer monsoon recorded in the Loess Plateau of North China, which exhibited dominant 100-kyr change cyclicities. We suggest that the difference between paleoclimatic records from North and South China is closely related to the east–west-oriented mountain ranges of the Qinling Mountains in central China that blocked weakened East Asia summer monsoons across the mountains during glacial periods.

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Tectonic and climatic drivers of Asian monsoon evolution

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-24244-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

James R. Thomson ◽

Philip B. Holden ◽

Pallavi Anand ◽

Neil R. Edwards ◽

Cécile A. Porchier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Summer Monsoon ◽

Indian Summer Monsoon ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

Monsoon Rainfall ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian ◽

Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽

Great Debate ◽

Climatic Drivers ◽

Meridional Overturning

AbstractAsian Monsoon rainfall supports the livelihood of billions of people, yet the relative importance of different drivers remains an issue of great debate. Here, we present 30 million-year model-based reconstructions of Indian summer monsoon and South East Asian monsoon rainfall at millennial resolution. We show that precession is the dominant direct driver of orbital variability, although variability on obliquity timescales is driven through the ice sheets. Orographic development dominated the evolution of the South East Asian monsoon, but Indian summer monsoon evolution involved a complex mix of contributions from orography (39%), precession (25%), atmospheric CO2 (21%), ice-sheet state (5%) and ocean gateways (5%). Prior to 15 Ma, the Indian summer monsoon was broadly stable, albeit with substantial orbital variability. From 15 Ma to 5 Ma, strengthening was driven by a combination of orography and glaciation, while closure of the Panama gateway provided the prerequisite for the modern Indian summer monsoon state through a strengthened Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.

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Effect of the El Niño Decaying Pace on the East Asian Summer Monsoon Circulation Pattern during Post-El Niño Summers

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12020140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 140

Author(s):

Wenping Jiang ◽

Gen Li ◽

Gongjie Wang

Keyword(s):

El Niño ◽

Asian Monsoon ◽

East Asian Monsoon ◽

El Nino ◽

East Asian ◽

Circulation Pattern ◽

Northwest Pacific ◽

Monsoon Circulation ◽

Circulation Patterns ◽

Sst Anomalies

El Niño events vary from case to case with different decaying paces. In this study, we demonstrate that the different El Niño decaying paces have distinct impacts on the East Asian monsoon circulation pattern during post-El Niño summers. For fast decaying (FD) El Niño summers, a large-scale anomalous anticyclone dominates over East Asia and the North Pacific from subtropical to mid-latitude; whereas, the East Asian monsoon circulation display a dipole pattern with anomalous northern cyclone and southern anticyclone for slow decaying (SD) El Niño summers. The difference in anomalous East Asian monsoon circulation patterns was closely associated with the sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly patterns in the tropics. In FD El Niño summers, the cold SST anomalies in the tropical central-eastern Pacific and warm SST anomalies in the Maritime Continent induce the anticyclone anomalies over the Northwest Pacific. In contrast, the warm Kelvin wave anchored over the tropical Indian Ocean during SD El Niño summers plays a crucial role in sustaining the anticyclone anomalies over the Northwest Pacific. In particular, the opposite atmospheric circulation anomaly patterns over Northeast Asia and the mid-latitude North Pacific are mainly modulated by the stationary Rossby wave trains triggered by the opposite SST anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific during FD and SD El Niño summers. Finally, the effect of distinct summer monsoon circulation patterns associated with the El Niño decay pace on the summer climate over East Asia are also discussed.

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